Meta Data
Title in national language: 
Отраслевая программа «Жасыл даму» на 2010-2014 годы
Draft: 
No
Revision of previous policy?: 
No
Draft Year: 
2010
Effective Start Year: 
2010
Effective End Year: 
2014
Scope: 
National
Document Type: 
Programme
Economic Sector: 
Energy, Multi-Sector, Other
Energy Types: 
All, Other
Issued by: 
Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Notes: 
No official English translation available (Google Translate).
Overall Summary: 
The present cross-sectoral programme was approved pursuant to the Government Decision No. 924 of 10 September 2010. The policy complies with the Presidential Decree of February 1, 2010 № 922 On Strategic Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2020, and specifies measures to provide comprehensive solutions to existing environmental issues. To tackle environmental challenges, the Green Growth program proposes mechanisms for improving environmental protection and natural resources management systems. The policy suggests a number of targeted control measures that offer wide environmental benefits. Developed by the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Program aims to archive the following targets: 1) promote “green economy” development through introduction of clean technologies, natural resources conservation, increasing energy efficiency; 2) reduce anthropogenic impacts on the environment and human health; 3) preserve and restore ecosystems; 4) eliminate consequences of natural disasters in areas affected by radiation, chemical and biological pollution; 5) improve national environmental protection control systems. Implementation of the present environmental policy is expected to lead to achieving the established cross-sectoral target indicators by 2014 (indicated in Art. 4.3). --- Major principles of environmental management in the Republic of Kazakhstan are required to be in compliance with internationally recognized practices and standards. The policy stresses the need for harmonizing regulatory frameworks and reinforcing synergies with such key environmental policies as the Kyoto Protocol, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, and the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal.
Environment
Energy environmental priorities: 
In response to existing environmental challenges, the Program identifies cross-cutting policy measures to pursue a number of objectives. Primarily the focus is made on social and ecological aspects. Art. 5.2 and 5.3 stipulate the main objectives for waste management, introduction of clean technologies, establishing pollution level targets, supporting sustainable forest management practices. Provisions are formulated for the optimal coordination of state environmental policy, environmental security, development of environmental regulations and standards, improving environmental legislation. Table 3.2 presents a comparison of existing potentials and challenges. Disparities are identified. --- Mainstreaming climate change mitigation as an element of national development strategy is spoken about in Art. 3.3.5. The issue of ecosystem degradation is brought to the fore in the context of global warming and glacial melting. Of a key concern is the issue of temperature rise - 1.8 ºC every hundred years. --- Art. 3.3.6 sets out a range of issues with an emphasis on biodiversity conservation and provision of ecosystem services. Sustainable use of biodiversity in the Republic of Kazakhstan is expected to be moved to the forefront of policy considerations. --- In Art. 3.3.4 concerns are raised regarding the environmental effects of production waste disposal. Significant mitigation action is required.
Pollution level targets, PM10, PM2.5, SOx, NOx: 
Art. 3.3.2 addresses the need to curb the release of hazardous substances to the atmosphere, overall context on atmospheric pollution in Kazakhstan is provided. Assessments reveal that though in 2009 harmful substances released to the atmosphere were estimated at 3,4 mln. t. per year, the figure is 6.1 per cent lower compared to the indicator of the previous year.
GHG emissions reduction targets: 
The program sets out emission reduction targets as 5.9 per cent of 2009 level and aims to keep track of progress towards meeting emission reductions objectives. Estimates show that most energy intensive industries in Kazakhstan possess untapped potential for reducing emissions and implementing energy conservation activities, thus, contributing to Kazakhstan’s low-carbon development strategy. --- It’s underscored in Art.3.3.1 that though in 1998 green house gas emissions in the Republic of Kazakhstan were estimated as 310 mln. tones of carbon dioxide equivalent, significant mitigation action resulted in 240 mln. t. CO2 eq. in 2008. Most of emissions are attributed to the energy sector, more specifically, to coal combustion. Estimates show that coal combustion processes accounted for approximately 63% of greenhouse gas emissions in 2010 and the figure is expected to reach 66% by 2020. Hence, unconventional energy sources are expected to replace significant amounts of traditional fossils, in particular, coal. Along with acceleration of renewable energy sources, promotion of high-efficiency low-emissions coal technologies in power generation is considered essential.
Energy-water nexus: 
Art. 3.1 of the present policy addresses such crucial environmental concerns as widespread scarcity of water resources, need for maintaining adequate supplies of water (currently considered insufficient in the Republic of Kazakhstan) and resolving existing cross-boarder water-environment and water-energy nexus issues. Regulation of transboundary water resources shall be implemented with due consideration of interests of the following states China, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.
Governance
Energy institutional structures: 
Overall coordination of environmental activities along with monitoring and enforcing the implementation of the Program is to be carried out by the following national regulatory bodies: Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, Ministry of Oil and Gas, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Tourism and Sports, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Labor and Social Protection. Moreover, the authorities specified above shall provide financial, technological and capacity-building support within the scope of their authority.