Bishkek

November, 2018

Table of contents

Introduction

I. Vision of the future. Development objectives

II. People –family – society

2.1 Social development

-   Health care that meets human needs

-   Quality system of education and science

-   Potential of youth

-   Equal opportunities to every citizen

-   Decent labor and honoured old age

2.2 Family as the basis for social development

2.3 Civic integration

-   National unity

-   Language policy

2.4 Kyrgyzstan is the country of high culture

2.5 Religion in the democratic state

III. Economic well-being and quality of environment for development

3.1 Economic development factors

-   Human capacity and labor market

-   Improvement of investment climate and growth of export

3.2. Formation of sustainable environment for development

-   Macroeconomic stability and policy consistency

-   Favorable business environment

-   Quality infrastructure

-   Environment, climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction

-   Development of country regions

3.3 Priority development sectors

-   Industrial potential of the country

-   Agroindustrial complex and cooperation

-   Light industry clusters

-   Sustainable development of tourism

IV. Public administration

4.1 Efficient and fair state for every citizen

4.2 Balanced system of state authority

4.3 Rule of law and law enforcement

4.4 Development of local self-governance

4.5 Secure country

4.6 Pragmatic foreign policy

4.7 Taza Koom– digital transformation of the country

4.8. Civil society development

V. Priority areas of the Kyrgyz Republic for the period to2023

VI. Priority steps of mid-term stage

6.1 Achievement of development objectives

-   v.............................................................................. Social development

-   v....................................................... Strengthening family institution

-   v..................................................................................... Civil integration

-   v....................................................................... Country of high culture

-   v.................................................. Religion in the democratic society

-   v................................................... Formation of development factors

-   v................................. Formation of environment for development

-   v............................................................ Priority development sectors

-   v............................................................ Efficient and fair governance

-   v...................................................................... Balanced power system

-   v............................................................ Strong local self-governance

-   v..................................................... Rule of law and law enforcement

-   v........................................................................ Security of the country

-   v..................................................................... Pragmatic foreign policy

-   v.............................................. Digital transformation of the country

-   v.................................................................. Civil society development

6.2 Practical steps of regional development

-   Bishkek city

-   Batken region

-   Jalal-Abad region

-   Issyk-Kul region

-   Naryn region

-   Osh city and Osh region

-   Talas region

-   Chui region

7.1 Transformation of development management system

7.2 Strategizing technologies

7.3 Monitoring and evaluation

7.4. Expected results

Annex  1. Investment projects by regions of the Kyrgyz Republic with confirmed funding sources

Annex   2.  Investment projects by regions of the Kyrgyz Republic requiring additional funding sources

Introduction

The Kyrgyz Republic is at an important stage of its history when the prerequisites for its long-term development as a politically stable, economically strong and socially responsible state have been created for the first time.

In its contemporary history, Kyrgyzstan has experienced a fundamental transformation that seriously changed all spheres of activity. Independence was accompanied by old ideology dismantling and seeking a new paradigm, which will create the basis for development of modern, dynamic and successful society and new civic identity. 

Transition to market economy in the 1990s, when more than half of the population appeared to be below the poverty line and the size of national economy reduced by half, was a challenge for the country. 

In watershed year of 2010 the question of existence of sovereign Kyrgyzstan and its future arose.

The challenges of that time clearly determined the agenda facing the country - to return self-confidence to people, their confidence in a decent life, the state and to establish governance institutions in a new way. 

Kyrgyzstan managed to preserve peace, concord and independence, return the country to the path of democracy, strengthen credibility of the country in the international arena. 

Political disputes that spilled over to the streets and caused unrest and violence turned into a civilized discussion format. In recent years, transparent and fair elections were held. 

Adoption of the National Sustainable Development Strategy for 2013-2017 allowed consolidating the society around national goals and becoming a strong foundation of the Kyrgyz state system.

This step was fully justified: from an unsystematic response to constantly emerging threats Kyrgyzstan moved to a strategically balanced domestic and foreign policy.

Support by citizens of the country gives confidence in correctness of the path chosen. According to public opinion survey in the Kyrgyz Republic conducted in 2017, 65% of respondents believed that the country was developing in the right direction. 

At the same time, more than 95% of the country’s citizens worried about low efficiency of the state policy aimed at addressing the problems of low employment and welfare of the people, high prices for food and services, significant migration, and other long-term social problems.

Complicated and quickly changing economic and geopolitical situation in the world and in the region, digital transformation that encompassed the main spheres of public life and global economy sector, growing pressure of humanity on the Earth’s ecosystem expressed in changes in global climate and demography, require formulation of a new development model of the country. 

Kyrgyzstan cannot copy someone else’s development model based on alien patterns. We have to create our own ideology for Kyrgyz citizen of the new millenniumdrawing upon our culture, in which spiritual values and attitude to each other, to family, nature were placed higher than material wealth. This will be the basis for target-driven development of people and society as a whole.

Kyrgyzstan will have to do this in the conditions of remoteness from the main transport routes, adaptation to new economic development rules within the EAEU taking into account the insufficient development of physical and digital infrastructure and small size of the Kyrgyz economy.

The quality and standard of living, rights and duties of the citizens are at the center of state policy. The strategy is primarily aimed at creating an environment for human development, fulfilling the potential of everyone who lives in our country, ensuring his/her well-being. 

The economic policy of the state will be focused on providing employment, stable income, creating productive jobstaking into account all future challenges in the labor market. 

Kyrgyzstan will actively implement the reforms to create competitive digital economy by means of formation of really attractive conditions for the entrepreneurs, application of innovative and environmentally friendly technologies. Large-scale implementation of information technology in production and management spheres should be a priority for development policy. Each region will make its adequate contribution to the economic development of the country and favorable conditions will be created in every region for the life of the population.

The future is inextricably linked with the preservation of Kyrgyzstan as a country of snow-white peaks and emerald lakes. Kyrgyz citizens should unite around the striving to be among successful green growth countries, first of all changing themselves, their place in nature, developing their economy considering the interests of future generations.

Ambitious goals of the Strategy charge governance system with the tasks corresponding to the scale of the problem. Stability, sustainability and transparency of public agencies’ activities are only the prerequisites for ensuring goal-oriented development, when political decisions and mechanisms for their implementation ensure efficient development, focus on results and consideration of public opinion. Governance reform will concentrate on qualitative improvement of performance while minimizing costs. 

Kyrgyzstan will strive to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations. Successful implementation of projects united under the “Taza Koom” common title will allow not only a qualitative change in the management system procedures, but will also lead to governance by young, advanced, well-educated citizens of the country who can assume responsibility for its future.

Achieving the above goals requires one thing - consolidating the efforts of all branches of government and the people and not only at the goal setting stage, but also in their implementation! 

Every civil servant, every citizen of the country must have a “sense of ownership and responsibility” for the destiny of a country. Every member of our society who wants to live in an economically and socially prosperous and secure state should participate in the implementation of the Strategy.

The present 2018-2040 Strategy defines the strategic benchmarks for the development of Kyrgyzstan for a long-term period, taking into account challenges of the coming period. It formulates vision of the future of the country, the basic principles and ways to achieve development goals in all spheres of life of our society — spiritual and political, social and economic ones. In addition, it identifies priority medium-term steps to launch a strategic vision. 

Development Strategy of the Kyrgyz Republic to 2040 should be considered as a fundamental document that determines the state development policy in all spheres of social life.

I. Vision of the future. Development objectives

Kyrgyzstan is the country where people with different cultural, ethnic, religious traditions are united around the endeavour to build a successful and developed state. Civil identity is the basis for strengthening the sovereignty and well-being of the country. Free, successful citizens live according to the principles of honesty, justice, responsibility for themselves, their family and their country. The state creates the conditions, under which every citizen implements his/her initiatives and creates public goods.

By 2040, Kyrgyzstan will emerge as a strong, self-sufficient, developed state with the individualin the center as the highest value along with his life, health, rights and freedoms and with the most favorable environment for him.

Kyrgyzstan will become a country comfortable for living, a country of free and prosperous citizenswith great potential and the right to choose their life, a country of just and responsible government, a country of original and unique culture.

The energy of our people creativity will become the basis and the main source of development. In the modern world, not production facilities and goods compete, but rather ideas, conditions for development and environment for human life activities. 

By 2040, a new image of the individual targeted at development will become common in the Kyrgyz Republic, whose potential will allow him to achieve a decent standard of living for himself and his family. He will live in a just society, where spiritual values are based on history, culture and traditions of the Kyrgyz people. The individual will be responsible to the society for his actions, and the society will reject violation of accepted rules, manifestation of violence and discrimination. Lifestyle of a person focused on the values of development, education and health will be widely used as a way to invest in one’s future.

In Kyrgyzstan, a society will be established where every citizen must realize that his vital interests dependnot only on existence and well-being of the state, but also on himself.

For every Kyrgyz citizen the family will become a binding element of spirituality, education, upbringing, co-organization of human life and formation of a healthy lifestyle. The role of traditional civil, family, spiritual and cultural values supporting continuity of generations allows preserving the national identity of Kyrgyzstan without compromising the dynamics of economic and technological development outrunning the global pace.

In Kyrgyzstan, full and equal participation of women in management at all levels of decision-making in political, economic and public life is guaranteed. Government programs are being implemented aimed at achieving gender equality and eliminating the imbalance between the opportunities of women and men.

We will preserve our communion regardless of how far the carriers of Kyrgyz identity will be located. Our diasporas abroad will receive the necessary support to ensure close relationship with their native land. Everyone who departed in search of a better life will have the right to freely return and contribute to the development of Kyrgyzstan and occupy a rightful place in the society.

Difficult and responsible mission - to achieve the presented strategic vision by 2040– will come upon the current young generation of citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic.

Strategic initiatives are formulated based on spiritual values, where happiness and well-being of an individual, his family, the whole society are the main factors and criteria for success.

The pursuit of new knowledge, healthy lifestyle, progressive spiritual valuesbecomes the main factor of human developmentand, accordingly, the main priority of the Development Strategy.

The education system will be focused on the education of a harmonious personality fulfilling true potential of each person, formation of practical knowledge and competencies. Every citizen will have an opportunity to get quality education.

The state will ensure guaranteed access to and full coverage of pre-school and school education. The education aimed at mastering a profession will not be formal and determining the status of a person, and will be considered as a conscious choice that will determine the path to a future successful life. Knowledge, skills and competencies will allow to fulfill one’s potential in various parts of the world. Our compatriots will occupy higher niches in the international labor market.

Variety, diversity and open educational resources will be the basis of the education system. Kyrgyzstan will become an educational center of regional and international importance. 

By 2040, we will not just preserve the Kyrgyz language, but make it the most important element of belonging to the Kyrgyz society, the most important feature of national identity of the Kyrgyz culture. At that, the Kyrgyz society will successfully demonstrate an example of peaceful, friendly coexistence of different cultural and linguistic traditions of the peoples living in the Kyrgyz Republic, equal proficiency in Kyrgyz, Russian and one of the foreign languages.

A culture of an educated person striving for a healthy lifestyle will be established in the country. The state will focus on the development of physical culture, healthy nutrition, preservation of natural environment, and providing the population with clean drinking water as the main factors of human health. Ensuring full access to and quality of medical services and high-tech medicine will be the basis of the health care system.

Conditions will be created for strengthening the Kyrgyz nation as an unstandard, unique society existing and developing on the basis of national culture features, its own national nature.

The continuity of generationsbased on the strength and integrity of ties will be ensured in Kyrgyzstan. People of older generation will be perceived by society as the custodians of social experience of the people.

Kyrgyzstanwill form industrial, energy, financial, transport and logistics, information, social ecosystems and build a new model of economybased on harmonious coexistence with nature. The  economy of the country will be well diversified, incorporated into the system of international division of labor with high added value, clean energy and organic agriculture. 

Equal opportunities of the citizens, enterprises and territories is ensured based on country-wide developmentof all types of physical and digital infrastructure created on the basis of public-private partnership, affordable and sufficient to make the implementation of entrepreneurial projects in Kyrgyzstan the most attractive in the EAEU by 2025.

The economy of the country will be resistant to all external shocks. As for economic development level, Kyrgyzstan should be included in the group of countries of the world with above average incomein terms of gross national product (GNP) per capita.

We will find a reasonable balance between attracting foreign borrowing and using our own resources for development. Borrowing policy will be structured so that to prevent excessive dependence on any country in the world. 

The new economy of Kyrgyzstan is an economy that is based on the knowledge and initiative of new generation entrepreneurs.

Favorable environment and developed infrastructurenecessary for comfortable human lifewill also bea basis for investment attraction.

Kyrgyzstan will become attractive for business, for investors, for any entrepreneur local and foreign, large and small, a place attracting talented and creative people.

By 2040, Kyrgyzstan should become a digital hubon the Great Silk Road. A network of data processing centers (data centers) of regional importance will provide ICT services to the entire region. The digital infrastructure created will allow to connect the information and communication spaces of Central Asia, the EAEU, the Middle East, China and Europe. 

A base and a system for training highly qualified specialists will be formedin the country. Regional centers for introducing innovations in digital economy, implementing applied research and developments using breakthrough technologies will stimulate new “intellectual” job creation. Kyrgyz citizens will be able to work around the world without leaving the country.

The national justice systemwill ensure justice and rule of law and will be free from corruption. Kyrgyzstan will demonstrate genuine independence of the courts with a high level of citizen confidence, support and international recognition. In turn, transition of judicial system to a qualitatively different level characterized by fairness, transparency and efficiency will give an impetus to all spheres of human development, competitiveness of the economy and strengthening the foundation of state system.

Public administration systemis focused on the needs of each individual, on enforcement of his/her rights, freedoms, and ensuring justice in the society. Governance of the country will be based on participation and well-deserved confidence of each Kyrgyz citizen and will be entrusted to the best representatives of Kyrgyzstan combining professional competence and high moral and ethical qualities. The state is able to protect itself, conditions are created, under which every citizen of the republic and its guest will feel safe.

II. People –family – society

2.1 Social development

In 2040, a citizen of the Kyrgyz Republic has the potential that allows him/her to achieve a decent standard of living for himself/herself and his/her family. He/she is able to adapt to the conditions of a changing world and has an opportunity to make a responsible choice of his life path in his country and abroad.

Human development is the basis of public policy in social sphere, economy, social protection and pension insurance, health, education and science, youth policy. The role of the state in social sector changes from current dominant service provider to the regulator, which, on the basis of transparency and fairness in provision of social services, develops policies, trains personnel and protects the rights of consumers of these services.

Development budget of the country is formed based on human development, economy of knowledge and health. Transition from using imitation technologies to independent innovation in the development of high, innovative technologies will represent a distinctive change.

Health care that meets human needs

The state guarantees provision of basic health care services to all citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic, including information and communication, preventive, treatment and diagnostic services of primary health care level, as well as emergency and medical assistance in emergency cases.

Long-term priority of health system consists in changing systemic approaches – from combating diseases and their consequences to maintaining a healthy lifestyle based on disease prevention, participating in health management, building a responsible attitude to preserving, strengthening and restoring one’s health and the health of others. 

The state provides for achievement of significant progress in modernization, optimization, and rationalization of the specialized inpatient care system. A national network of modern hospitals of the future will be formed provided with modern equipment, professional staff and updated funding approaches.

Equal competitive opportunities will be guaranteed for all health care service providers, and conditions will be created for development of high-tech segment of services. The gaps between supply and demand, public health and individual health care, as well as health care and other related sectors will be addressed. Comprehensive and integrated, people-centered approach to medical services provision will be formed.

An adequate system of planning and provision of health services will be established based on people’s needs at local and national levels. Local governments should develop their own socio-economic development programs based on assessment of people’s needs for health services and participation in solving these issues at the local level.

Remuneration system of medical workers will be changed with a focus on motivating, attracting professionals, and achieving real results and quality of services rendered.

Insurance mechanisms, strategic procurement of health care services and contractual relationship with service receivers will be the basis for further development of health system.Health insurance should be attractive to the public in order to obtain affordable, high-quality and safe medical services. 

There will be a full connection between the variety of medical services package and the insurance contributions made by the people. Measures taken and special bonus programs introduced should increase coverage of the population with health insurance.

The health care system will primarily focus on addressing the issue of mortality related to cardiovascular and oncological diseases, as well as maternal and infant mortality. Programs will be strengthened for baby food and fortification with micronutrients. Special attention is required for blood circulatory system diseases, which in recent years are among the first reasons of mortality.

Effectiveness of these measures will reduce premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by one-third: cardiovascular diseases, neoplasm, diabetes, etc.Maternal mortality will be reduced by 25%, and child and infant mortality rates will not exceed 18 and 12 cases per 1,000 live births, respectively.

The average life expectancy of citizens will increase, and in 2040 the Kyrgyz Republic will be among the countries where life expectancy is close to 80 years. 

The indicators of disability (primary and general) from preventable diseases and injuries, especially among children and people of working age, will be reduced three times. The number of new infections with HIV and hepatitis B and C will decrease significantly, while the death rate from tuberculosis will not exceed 3 cases per 100 thousand. The financial burden of the population will be reduced by up to 30% when requesting medical care and own expenses of people for medicines will be reduced by 50%.

Modernization educational policy aimed at new results and quality of education in the Kyrgyz Republic is being consistently implemented. Undoubtedly, such principles of the education system organization as accessibility and quality of education for all categories of citizens will remain. The flexibility of the education system will allow to adequately respond to the demands of the state, society as a whole and the individual.

The education system should remain a priority in the context of public investment. However, in the coming years, the emphasis should be placed on efficient use of funds allocated.

Efficiency of the education sector is assessed based on regular assessment of student educational achievements carried out by the independent national and international entities. Kyrgyzstan is among 50 leading countries by level of education.

The role of the state from current dominant provider of education services has been revised towards an effective regulator. The state body develops policies, norms, provides training to professional staff and protects the rights of consumers of services, promotes preservation of education value in society, contributes to the education of a responsible and educated generation of citizens along with family and parents.

In education, emphasis will be placed on systemic support of primary school. Special attention should be paid to creation of conditions for early childhood development in accordance with modern requirements. High-quality care should be provided to our young citizens, modern methods of pre-school education should be introduced and available. A system for investing in early childhood development should be created.

It is necessary to provide opportunities for the education system at all levels to develop skills that enable transition from the sphere of education to the sphere of work. The task is to improve vocational training quality in accordance with labor market demands, including the conditions for integration with the EAEU. For sustainable growth of incomes of the population it is necessary to provide high-quality training for specialists, including to our labor migrants.

A system of lifetime education will be formed taking into account the objectives of medical and social inclusion.

Education is based on country-wide use of digital technology and is built around solving real-life problems and challenges.

Public policy in the field of human resources development is based on implementation and improvement of national qualification system. The system of primary, secondary and higher professional education has effective mechanisms to adequately respond to the demands of educational services consumers and the needs of employers in terms of qualified personnel. 

It is required to form social partnership at all levels of education in the sphere of educational organizations establishment, organization of practical training for students, as well as for teachers (including masters of vocational training) and academic teaching staff. 

Result-oriented management and funding will be provided at all levels of education, including the use of mechanism of per capita financing.

The state not only sets educational standards, but also guarantees the quality of higher professional education providing state recognized diplomas. Higher education institutions are able to compete in the international market of educational services. The policy in the field of education is aimed at decentralization of university management, free activity in choosing between the forms and methods of education, the use of innovative and scientific approaches. Universities are becoming a source of innovation and top technology. A system of knowledge and technology transfer has been built. The task is set to change the system of higher education sector funding, introduce rating system for evaluating universities, including participation in international and regional ratings.

Research priorities are determined depending on the strategic priorities of the country and the need for innovation. Research is focused on obtaining scientific and practical results with assessment of efficient resource utilization and application of the results obtained. Quality of the system of training for highly qualified scientific and pedagogical personnel, including special selection, academic and professional, has been improved.

Potential of youth

The state youth policy is aimed at developingyoung people to become one of the main assets of the state and society, encouraging youth initiatives in political, economic and social spheres, fostering responsible attitude of young citizens to the heritage of their ancestors, interaction with the outside world and to their own decisions.

The youth policy creates favorable conditions for self-realization and comprehensive development of young Kyrgyz citizens. It provides for participation in decision-making processes through formal and non-formal education and training.

It performs systematic and high-quality work related to development of youth potential in order to achieve sustainable socio-economic development and enhance the opportunities for self-realization of young people. In youth policy, the priority should consist in creating conditions for employment and self-realization of young citizens of Kyrgyzstan. 

Our labor migrants have clearly demonstrated their capabilities, diligence and creative commitment in the world economy. We must focus our efforts on creating opportunities for the active part of the working population to live and work in their native land. It is necessary to enhance motivation of young people to live and build up in Kyrgyzstan, to involve the younger generation in all spheres of public administration and social life, so as to ensure their active participation in the development process of the country.

The entire system of measures should be created to support youth initiatives and social adaptation of certain categories of youth (young families, disadvantaged young people); spiritual and moral and patriotic development of youth.

Some programs, mechanisms and models of state and business investment in the most capable, gifted, talented young people have been prepared and implemented.

Equal opportunities to every citizen

The state policy in the system of social support will be based on the following principles:

- in the event of a difficult life situation, every citizen will timely receive comprehensive, integrated, flexible and targeted social support, including a complex of various social services;

- the system of social services for disadvantaged children and families, people with disabilities, senior citizens has been developed in all regions;

- in social protection system, digital transformation has been carried out based on comprehensive and integrated approach, which allows minimizing the human factor in service provision.

The following priorities in the field of social development in the medium termhave been identified.

Minimum social standards will be developed and introduced. It is necessary to introduce the principles of targeting into categorical compensation and other social payments.

The task is set to strengthen the system of social support of disadvantaged children and families, people with disabilities, elderly people living alone in order to prevent, timely detect difficult life situations and take effective measures.

It is necessary to stimulate construction of affordable social housing for vulnerable groups of population with its provision based on social rentingconditions.

At the same time, the state must support social services market development for day or temporary stay of a rehabilitation nature, which is an alternative to residential care facilities. To develop and introduce mechanisms for insurance, payment or co-payment for social services with the variability of choice. In addition, to delegate addressing the issues related to organization and provision of basic unspecialized social services for disadvantaged children and families, people with disabilities and senior citizens to local government bodies. 

The practices will be expanded of social support incentive measures in the form of participation of the poor in public works and access to training and improving skills, knowledge and technologies for managing agricultural and other types of businesses. 

It is necessary to provide access of vulnerable groups to rehabilitation and social services based on modern digital technologies.

It is required to develop and introduce the legislation and mechanisms for joint responsibility of the family in cases of difficult life situations, deprivation of legal capacity of persons with disabilities and elderly citizens, parental custody and care.

The state policy to support disadvantaged families will be based on the recognition of work associated with the care for people with disabilities, especially in childhood, as socially significant work, with the introduction of remuneration mechanisms and involvement in social, health insurance system.

We have to reform the system of medical and social expert examination providing for transition to international functional standards and approaches.

It is necessary to ensure transparency and improve targeting of the system of social protection of the population. Creation of country-wide open database of social service recipients will provide transparency and fairness, and will become a tool for identifying the most needy citizens. 

The size of state benefits for disabled citizens will not be lower than the subsistence minimum. At the same time, it is advisable to create opportunities for maximum integration of this category of citizens into socially and economically beneficial relationships.

These measures will reduce child poverty rates, as well as reduce by half the proportion of children under 5 years old, whose height is 2 standard deviations below the average height for their age according to the standards of physical development of children. Child cachexia should be eliminated. The situation of women with children, especially children with disabilities, will be significantly improved. Every child in Kyrgyzstan should live and develop in a family environment.

Decent labor and honoured old age

Revolutionary reform of the system of employment and retirement insurance was implemented with a focus on a high standard of living at working age and a decent quality of life in old age. Responsibility of a citizen for his future is enhanced through ensuring the variability of pension insurance.

Labor remuneration policy is focused on increasing productivity. The basic principles of remuneration system are clear to the public and exclude the fragmented, narrow departmental, sectoral nature of approach to wages.

The state will develop a regulatory framework and ensure control over safe working conditions, including their harmonization with the international standards and protection of the interests of citizens working abroad.

Every citizen is covered by pension insurance with different variability and choice. Pension insurance encourages investment in the future old age and compensates to the level of income of working age.

The following priorities have been identified in labor policy and old-ageinsurance:

– to introduce a system of social contracts with recipients of state benefits with labor potential.A set of measures to promote employment coordinated with local self-government bodies and vocational education will allow more efficiently influence poverty reduction;

– to focus the pension system reform on its financial sustainability in the future, reducing the burden on the republican budget, abandoning the hierarchy and privileges applied to calculation of pensions;

–to modernize the insurance component of the pension system taking into account the needs of different age groups of pensioners and stimulate a later retirement;

–to modernize the early (preferential) pension provision and increase efficiency and reliability of insurance, accumulative component of the pension system;

–tointroduce mechanisms of involvement of the insured individuals in managing their savings. The pension insurance system should be attractive for working population.

2.2 Family as the basis for social development

Strengthening family institution as the foundation of all efforts in social sphere will be a key element. The most important investments in a person are made in the family. From an early age the values and the foundation for future success are formed namely in the family. 

For every Kyrgyz citizen, the family will become the basis of spirituality, education and upbringing, social skills and formation of a healthy lifestyle. The family as the most important social institution will develop enriching family, spiritual and cultural values, and at the same time will allow preserving national identity, continuity of generations and civic consciousness.

Considering current problems of the modern family, in Kyrgyzstan it is necessary to radically revise the conceptual framework of family policy. The parenting function should return to the family to become an important part of preparing children for entry into social, economic, and cultural life of society. 

But at the same time, issues of early childhood development, representation of interests and protection of the rights of the child should become a priority task of the state. To this end, it is necessary to strengthen the work of the institution of the Ombudsman for protection of the rights of children, women and family, concrete effective measures are required to prevent violations of their rights and freedoms that prevent child abuse, violence against the elderly persons and persons with disabilities. The interests of the child and his right to family environment will be the main principle of activity in protection of children.

In Kyrgyzstan, the negative practices of forced and early marriage and family violence will be brought to an end, conditions will be created for harmonious combination of work and family responsibilities for women and men; principles of responsible paternity and maternity and parenthood protection, family values based on harmonious education and respect for all family members will be promoted. 

Work to care for children with disabilities will be recognized as socially significant, with the introduction of payment mechanisms and involvement into social and health insurance.Shared responsibility of families, simplification of procedures, reduction of corruption phenomena when considering issues of guardianship and national adoption should be the basis for strengthening the family and returning family traditions of the peoples of Kyrgyzstan.

2.3 Civic integration

National unity

Only the people who have realized their own mission can become the carrier and driving force of development. In order to get to the new stage of development we will need the most prodigious creative energy of our people. Therefore, all efforts will be directed to spiritual awakening of the people. It is necessary for our citizens to develop the ability to form their own vision of the future and the desire to put efforts and be responsible for its realization. Spiritual and intellectual development of society is more important than material and natural resources.

Conditions have been created to ensure formation of society, in which ethnicity, attitude to religion, regional and tribal affiliation, other cultural differences of citizens are not the grounds for discrimination and do not influence political processes.

Preservation and development of the national culture, its reproduction and distribution while preserving the ethnic, linguistic and cultural identity of the citizens of the countryis guaranteed.

The essentials of civic patriotism development in the family through the education and culture system are identified and introduced; the initiatives of civil society to strengthen the unity and cohesion of the people are supported.

More active policy will be implemented to support ethnic Kyrgyz. Organization of process of voluntary resettlement of ethnic Kyrgyz to the Kyrgyz Republic is based on principles of promoting socio-economic development of the regions and solving demographic problems. Resources to be found to support labor and historical migrants to preserve ethnic and cultural identity of the Kyrgyz people. 

At the present stage, it is essential to support the humanities and social studies in order to increase the content and completeness of the history of Kyrgyz people and Kyrgyzstan.

Language policy

The Kyrgyz language is the basis of national identity. An important priority for the coming years is to create conditions for expanding the use of the Kyrgyz language.

As the first step, it is necessary to choose measures in the education system: introduction of innovative communication technologies, interactive teaching methods, widespread use of information technologies, expanded use of the Kyrgyz language as a language of instruction at all levels of the educational system.

The Kyrgyz language, along with its preservation and development in cultural, everyday and other spheres should gradually become the working language of state power. To this end, we need to introduce a mechanism for formation of business Kyrgyz language in order to develop records management by 2020. This will help increase the motivation of those who wish to learn and improve their level of knowledge of the state language, especially among young people. This need will arise as a result of high prestige and demand for specialists with good command of the state language.

Therefore, measures will be taken to expand the vocabulary of the Kyrgyz language, improve its grammatical structure and functionality. It will be necessary to introduce new methods of mastering the state language based on communicative technologies, interactive methods, and expanding its use as a learning tool.

Fundamental changes in the education system will lead to wider use of international languages in all spheres of public life. Multilingualism will enable younger generation free integration into global development processes.

Preservation and use of official language in all regions of the country for full communication and increasing competitiveness of citizens in the international labor market, and in particular in the EAEU space, is an urgent need for the Kyrgyz Republic.

2.4 Kyrgyzstan is the country of high culture

Development of cultureis an important task of the state. At that, it is necessary to consider the culture as multifaceted phenomenon. First of all, we are talking about behavioral culture, creating and disseminating patterns of positive social and political behavior, informed and responsible civic consciousness.  

Single policy in cultural sphere will be aimed at preserving cultural and historical heritage, ensuring access of citizens to the accumulated cultural wealth of the peoples of Kyrgyzstan, its multiplication and protection, grasping the latest achievements of world culture while preserving national identity.

The aim of the state policy in the field of culture and professional art consists in humanitarian modernization of the country through ensuring the continuity of people’s spiritual experience, formation of a single cultural space of the country and fostering competitive cultural mentality. 

Education, culture and science as social institutions, the media and communications contribute to civic nation formation, translation of values and social experience based on rich cultural legacy of the people of Kyrgyzstan. The value framework of civic identity, its philosophical, historical and cultural grounds have been identified. 

State policy will stimulate creative, scientific and pedagogical community, involve creative citizens in formation of spiritually rich country combining traditional values with advanced achievements of humanity in cultural sphere. It appears important to implement promising projects aimed at turning Kyrgyzstan into a regional center of art, art industry, traditional spirituality, including by holding events that attract tourists to the country.

Measures will be taken to protect and preserve historical and cultural archaeological and architectural sites, primarily those included in the World Heritage List. Old museum complexes will be reconstructed and new ones will appear that reflect national specifics, which will become the hallmark of the country. 

Taking into account historical success in film industry, special support will be provided to the restoration of Kyrgyz cinema and its further development. 

Free, open society and favourable business environment create the conditions for fulfilment of potential of creative and enterprising people, manufacturing products that are in demand at national and international levels. Support will be provided to the initiatives of entrepreneurs in development of creative industry, promotion of opera, ballet, cinema and various types of creativity, as well as in provision of services in ethno-style in the field of tourism, public catering, fashion and design. 

It is considered extremely important to ensure human capacity development in the field of culture and education of the best representatives of new generation. Support of talented youth will be required, along with development of education in the field of art and culture, improvement of its quality and attractiveness, strengthening the component of aesthetic education and development of creative potential of children in secondary schools, especially in the regions of the country.

Support is primarily provided to educational institutions in the sphere of culture and arts identifying talented children and young people and implementing programs to support especially gifted children.

Development of values should be based on a complex of scientific works and applied research on culture, cultural studies, sociology and history of culture, cultural anthropology, and economy of culture.

It is necessary to create conditions for sustainable cooperation between the peoples of the Altai language family in order to preserve and develop languages and original cultures, ensure popularization of tangible and intangible cultural heritage.  

2.5 Religion in the democratic state

         In Kyrgyzstan, there is no state or obligatory religion; the religion and all cults are separated from the state, the interference of religious associations and clergy in the activities of state bodies is prohibited. The Constitution, legislation and practice of its application provide for  the right of citizens to freely choose and have religious and other beliefs, to profess any religion or not to profess any.

         The most important priority of the state policy is to preserve the cultural identity of the people of Kyrgyzstan. Society must understand that the secular traditions that determine our identity cannot be sacrificed to alien cultures and interests.

         The format of interaction between the state and religion is built on democratic principles and close partnership in addressing problems of a nationwide scale, strengthening state institutions of power, spiritual and moral foundations of society, stability and its unity. The interaction creates conditions for development of interfaith dialogue, tolerance, mutual respect of citizens and peaceful coexistence, regardless of their attitude to religion. The cooperation is aimed at spiritual and moral education of young people, prevention of various offenses, promotion of a healthy lifestyle, combating corruption, promoting legal culture.

         At the same time, the state should make efforts to resist the attempts of various leaders, organizations and associations that use religion and believers in order to encroach on the basic concepts of the constitutionally established state order. The constitution and laws of the country oblige us to combat the negative influence of radical, extremist and terrorist organizations and associations on the statehood and spirituality of the nation.

         The state policy in religious sphere provides for non-interference of religious associations and clergy in the activities of state bodies, does not allow politicization of religion and purposeful, covert penetration of religious movements and their members into the power and law enforcement agencies. 

A lot of work has yet to be done to carry out explanatory, preventive activities among the population in order to prevent radicalism, extremism and terrorism, as well as to strengthen the national capacity to conduct religious studies and psychological and linguistic examinations, based on which judicial decisions are taken in criminal cases on charges of extremism.

The system of religious education in the country will be streamlined, and control will be strengthened over the receipt of religious education abroad by citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic. Modernization of existing Islamic pedagogy and education within the republic is required.

Preservation and development of Hanafi school of Islam and Orthodox Christianity that are traditional for the Kyrgyz Republic is the task of a national scale in accordance with the requirements of the present time, new global challenges of spreading the ideas of extremism and radicalization.

It is necessary to create conditions for opening Islamic educational and scientific centers to ensure formation of Muslim intelligentsia, development of Islamic intellectual thought, religious culture and ethics.

III. Economic well-being and quality of environment for development

3.1 Economic development factors

Economic development of the country will provide an opportunity to align the standard of living of urban and rural population, to improve quality of public and municipal services. By means of small and medium-sized businesses development and creation of productive jobs, employment and stable incomes will be provided. The economy will be balanced in terms of regional development, each region of the country will have its own strengths and advantages.  

Competitiveness of the economy will be ensured through transition to innovative socio-economic development, taking into account competitive advantages of the country in the regional and global division of labor. A high-quality production infrastructure will be formed, which is necessary for balanced and diversified economic development. Inclusiveness will become a key feature of the economic growth.

Joint efforts of the state and business will turn the country into a real “investment oasis”, which will attract internal and external investments and will be attractive for the EAEU countries and the region. A favorable business environment, high-quality infrastructure and firm guarantees regarding protection of private property and return on investment will form the “identity” of our economy and make it recognizable in the region and in the world.

The economic policy of the state should promote development of industries with high export capacity, creating jobs and improving welfare of the people. At the same time, it is important to attract foreign investments, which safety and security should receive real guarantees.

In the country, the economy is based on the institution of inviolability of private property and observance of contract law. Entrepreneurs should gain confidence in unreserved inviolability of their assets and their private property.

It is required to develop a set of measures for transformation and legalization of informal sector of economy. To this effect, it is necessary, firstly, to create conditions under which legal business will be more profitable and comfortable compared to shadow business. And, secondly, it is necessary to provide guarantees of the inviolability of private property to entrepreneurs wishing to voluntarily come out of the shadow. Measures aimed at reducing the shadow economy scale in the country will increase the state budget revenue, develop a competitive business environment, reduce the share of credit funds in the economy, and increase investment attractiveness of the Kyrgyz Republic.

Human capacity and labor market

The labor market should be dynamic with high ability to adapt to the needs of the economy and takinginto account the demographic situation in the country. 

The efforts of the state will be aimed at creating a flexible and modern system of education of citizens and training qualified personnel ensuring the development of the country, at development  and introduction of new technologies in all sectors of economy. The priority should be given to national education system development competitive in the international market of services, attractive for obtaining high-quality professional education, taking into account formation of the national qualifications system.

The state policy will focus on improving labor force quality, eliminating the imbalance between supply and demand in the labor market in sectoral and regional context with priority sectors that provide higher added value, employment growth and market demand. The system of education and training of specialists will function according to market requirements focusing on priority sectors of the economy, the specificity and features of the regions of the country.

According to UN estimates, population growth in the current decade may be the most significant in the entire history of Kyrgyzstan. In general, over the decade, population growth, according to the most modest estimates, will be close to 900,000 people. Population growth must be taken into account upon labor market policies formulation; an increase should be envisaged in the number of jobs in the regions with rapid population growth, especially for young people, and internal and external migration should be regulated. 

Changing concentration of the population requires revision of spatial distribution of new industrial enterprises in the regions. 

As for external migration, the state will create opportunities to expand the geography of labor migration, will make efforts to assist our citizens in increasing their competitiveness and ensure legal and economic security in the country of labor migration. 

It is also important to create conditions for migrant workers to invest their earnings in the national economy, in promising production sectors, in order to learn from and apply the experience of other countries to create new industries and enterprises in the country. To this effect, incentive economic tools should be introduced while developing the necessary infrastructure.

A flexible model of labor relations will be created in the country that meets the requirements of the new economy, where the interests of the entrepreneur are respected and the interests of the workers are taken into account.Responsibility for social security of an employee should be entrusted to the employee himself. At the same time, the government will legislatively establish minimum social standards and guarantees that will provide citizens with the constitutional right to labor, working environment and remuneration.

In addition, it is important to introduce effective and active measures to ensure employment, compliance of labor legislation with international standards and conventions, its liberalization, improvement of analytical support for the decision-making process and promote removal of labor activity and entrepreneurship from informal sector.

Improvement of investment climate and growth of export

The authorities will make efforts to provide forhigh quality of public administration and governance, create an efficient institutional mechanism to support investors at the national and regional levels, and this will be the key task of each state body, each region and local government. Sound policy regarding investment priorities and sustainability of economic policy implemented;high responsibility of the government will create the necessary background for the decision making by investors. 

A separate policy will be developed in relation to investors who operate in extractive industries and in the energy sector. It is necessary to clearly identify all revenues from natural resources received by the state, ensure transparency of mechanisms intended for management of special environmental protection funds, and regularly publish comprehensive reports on environmental compliance.

Government agencies will identify key areas for investment in their respective sectors of economy, taking into account country priorities and opportunities opened once Kyrgyzstan joined the EAEU, participation in global projects within the framework of SCO, the One Belt and One Road project, and the opportunities for bilateral cooperation with the countries of Central Asian region and the world.

Guarantees will be provided to investors; small and medium-sized businesses will be provided with long term concessional loans, the possibilities of the guarantee fund will be expanded. 

Through its economic policy, the state will support investment activity with the objective to create new export-oriented and innovative sectors of economy, which will ensure the rapid growth of value added and exports. The most promising areas include development of sub-sectors of light and processing industries, which use local raw materials and labor resources to the most extent. 

In the sphere of supporting export of products of domestic entrepreneurs, a policy should be implemented to improve quality of human resources, simplify access to financial and other resources, and address infrastructure problems. To train national top managers, the practice of their training will be introduced in the world’s best business education centers. In addition, invitation of business consultants and managers recognized worldwide to Kyrgyzstan will be an effective tool. It is important to regularly analyze the strategic positions of Kyrgyzstan in the global market, assess available advantages and adjust the economic processes to changing conditions.

3.2. Formation of sustainable environment for development

Macroeconomic stability and policy consistency

The National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic together with the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic will be responsible for ensuring macroeconomic stability in the medium term. The National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic has the following main tasks: maintaining price stability and ensuring adequacy of purchasing power of the national currency; ensuring effectiveness, security and reliability of banking and payment systems;ensuring sound and balanced monetary policy that provides for the balance of interests of economic entities.

Stability of national currency is important for expanding national export opportunities, therefore, the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic must take timely measures to smooth out sharp exchange rate fluctuations. On the part of the Government, measures will be taken to balance public finances and maintain a controlled level of state budget deficit.

In the long term, the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic together with the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic should be focused on economic development. Banking infrastructure, technology, interest rates, variety of products should contribute to real project lending with high added value in Kyrgyzstan. It is necessary to change the established practice of speculative and usurious lending towards dealing with the real industrial sector of economy, which facilitate technological modernization and expansion of export opportunities of the country.

The National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic should actively use monetary policy to develop banking system and increase its contribution to the economic development providing enterprises with affordable credit resources. This requires to develop competitive environment in financial sector, create conditions and prerequisites for lowering interest rates on loans, improve banking services quality and expand access to them. To continue the work on expanding the scope of application of Islamic principles of financing as an additional source of lending to enterprises. To reduce the share of shadow economy and improve tax collection rate, it is necessary to increase the share of non-cash payments and settlements and ensure payment system security.

Banking system should cover by its infrastructure, variety of products, ensure fair access to financial resources for the entire population of the country. At the same time, the main principle should be social justice from the part of financial market and conscious responsibility on the part of our citizens, whose financial literacy should be improved. 

Regardless of geographic location and type of economic activity, people should have access to financial services.

Favorable business environment

“Man, who produces”, the entrepreneur is the most important active part of our society. Thanks to their entrepreneurial talent, diligence, the ability to take risks and create, the production facilities are operating, the material goods necessary for consumption by the whole society and jobs are created, public treasury is replenished and social tasks are addressed.

The state should stimulate development of entrepreneurial activity and market mechanisms, reserving only the function of defining the rules that are binding for all. Here, mutual responsibility of the state and entrepreneurs for the results of economic development, favorable business environment and fair competition, equal rights to access to financial, material, administrative and other resources that the state distributes are important.

The relationship between the state and the entrepreneur should become relations of partnership, while government intervention in business activity should be minimal. The state, widely using public-private dialogue, supporting and encouraging active and free business activity propels growth of the economy of the country while improving the quality of life of the population.

Maximum number of areas of entrepreneurial activity will be transferred to self-regulation taking into account that business associations will assume the responsibility for legal compliance. 

To provide for protection of businessmen complete decriminalization of economic crimeswill be implemented.

“Single Window” arrangements will be introduced in all areas of state and municipal services provision. All services provided to entrepreneurs by the state and the municipality must be transferred to electronic form, this also applies to access to resources (subsoil, public procurement, finance, purchase and lease of state property, etc.). Given the development of information interaction between the entrepreneur and government agencies there will be no need to submit various types of reports.

The tax policy provides for elaboration and adoption of measures to reduce the tax burden, provide preferences for products with high value added, capital-intensive products (high-tech products / services, innovative and environmentally friendly technologies). In order to expand export of goods and services, special financial institution will be established to credit export-oriented and high-tech industries. Conditions will be created for the wide use of participation of businessmen in public-private partnership projects and attracting investment in projects.

The state will support creation of conditions for financial system development and lending to both large business entities and small and medium-sized businesses on preferential terms and for long borrowing periods. Relations with international financial institutions will be expanded, development institutions and funds, financial cooperatives will be created, Islamic financing principles, and venture capital institutions will be used. At the same time, it is necessary to constantly focus on developing a culture of saving and improving financial literacy.

At the same time, the system of supervision and control, compliance of products and services with quality standards should ensure safety and health of citizens, protection of their property, and competitiveness of domestic goods in foreign markets. 

Quality infrastructure

Energysector

In the electric power industry, Kyrgyzstan will be a major producer of electricity in the region, will ensure sustainable energy sector development, energy security of the country and its regions, energy efficiency of the real sector of economy, and the availability of energy for every consumer. 

Implementation of CASA - 1000 project will allow to export electricity not only to neighboring countries, but also to countries such as Pakistan, Afghanistan and others.

The share of environmentally friendly energy sources (small HPPs, solar and wind power plants, solar collectors, heat pumps, use of biogas, etc.) will be at least 10% in the total energy mix of the country, while energy and resource saving indicators will correspond to those of OECD countries.

Investment for construction and reconstruction of the following facilities will be attracted: Kambarata HPP-1, Verkhne-Naryn cascade of HPPs, Ak-Bulun HPP, At-BashyHPP, Uch-Kurgan HPP, Toktogul HPP and other generating facilities. 

Mandatory requirements for the use of advanced development technologies with a conversion ratio close to one and higher will ensure a significant increase in efficiency of existing, reconstructed and constructed power facilities.

Mechanisms for universal stimulation and targeted subsidies for energy and resource-saving technologies will solve the problem of specific consumption reduction with stable improvement of quality of life of the average Kyrgyz citizen.

Recovery and subsequent sustainable operation of the energy sector requires transfer to economically justified tariffs, which should include the main costs associated with generation and transmission of electricity and heat energy to consumers. Flexibility of tariff policy will be provided, including seasonal and regional. Investment attractive tariffs will stimulate emergence of alternative power and heat suppliers. In this regard, PPP mechanisms will be widely applied, including attracting private investors to construction and management of strategic energy facilities.  

Large-scale programs for energy-efficient reconstruction of old residential and non-residential facilities, a ban on new construction without energy- and resource-saving and highly efficient technologies will create new jobs, it will become imperative to have an energy-efficient passport of the facility, without which its operation will be impossible. Partial generation of a certain amount of energy by each building for its own needs will also be mandatory, which will be regulated by fiscal and other measures. The most important effective solution for agglomerations will consist in decentralization of heating system, which will remove the problem of expansion of territories without loss of quality of life there.

Active gasification of the country will continue with the objective to improve the living conditions of citizens, while simultaneously contributing to industrial development of the regions. 

Gasification will allow settling the issue of the individual housing and administrative premises heating applying modern technical solutions without connection to common heating solutions in the buildings. 

The state will consistently continue to improve energy security. Both generation sources and energy supplying countrieswill be diversified.

Transport

In the sphere of transport infrastructure, freedom of movement of the people and solution of transport dead end problem of the country will be provided. Kyrgyzstan should become a transit country with safe and demanded corridors to provide transit of passengers, goods and cargo. A transit railway network and a railway line connecting the north and the south of the country will be erected. It is planned to create an internal railway network in the republic connecting northern and southern parts of the country.

Construction of a developed railway network will contribute to establishment of transport and logistics centers and formation of an integrated system for the operation of freight forwarding and transport companies providing conditions for development of multimodal transportation. The state will focus its efforts on rehabilitation and maintenance of highways, creation of liberal, safe international transport corridors, including new technologies application in road design and construction. Within the time span of two decades consideration should obviously be given to the factors such as connectivity of the regions and provision of funds to maintain the infrastructure in due condition. Public-private partnership (PPP) will be the main mechanism for implementation of projects in this area.

Gradual transition to environmentally friendly modes of transport by using electric vehicles and electrification of railway lineswill be implemented.

In the long run, the Kyrgyz Republic, in addition to developing its own transport network, will make maximum use of the results of transport infrastructure development in the neighboring countries, primarily in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and China. Construction of China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway will begin in the medium term.

In the future, this railway corridor will allow to create internal railway network in the Kyrgyz Republic connecting northern and southern parts of the country. This will ensure direct and reliable transport links between the regions of the country forming a single national railway network and access to international railways, which will reduce transportation cost and increase competitiveness of domestic goods in export markets. In addition, electrification of railways is planned. By 2040, transformation of the Kyrgyz Republic into a transit country with safe and demanded corridors for transit of passengers, goods and cargo will be the key indicator.

Conditions will be created for air transportation market development and air cargo and passenger logistics hub by means of liberalization of air legislation and introduction of the fifth article of “freedom of the air” policy. Geographical location of Kyrgyzstan makes it possible to consider Manas Airport in the future as a transit cargo center connecting South-East Asia and Europe. In development of transport infrastructure it is required to construct new modern types of communications.

In Kyrgyzstan, there should be high-quality roads not only of international and republican significance.

All regions of the country should be in a single information space and should be provided with continuous transport communications with each other. 

Annually, it is necessary to repair at least 550 km of roads, including at least 200 km of the internal road network, and to rehabilitate about 500 km of international roads. 

In this view, there is a need to test the system of toll roads as a source of their maintenance and operation and acquisition of special equipment. It is important to include local mineral resources (sand, stones, etc.) in the construction, rehabilitation and reconstruction process, as well as to engage local workers and specialists.

Air traffic and airspace maintenance systems of the Kyrgyz Republic will be modernized, radio facilities, radar, navigation and communications equipment will be upgraded in the course of reconstruction, development or construction in the international and domestic airports.

Development of unmanned aviation along with national and international satellite navigation systems will contribute to the development of agriculture, tourism and border security. Efforts should be made to deploy a joint orbital constellation of commercial satellites in order to address issues related to agriculture, location of productive forces, real estate cadastre, traffic control, as well as communications satellites and meteosats.

Vision of the future definitely implies digitalization in the integrated development of the entire economy and functioning of transport complex of the Kyrgyz Republic, which directly results from advanced development of national digital infrastructure within the framework of world trends.

Clean water

The problem of providing the population with clean drinking water will be solved in the country, drinking water supply policy will be aimed at creating an economically sustainable, affordable service for safe and high-quality water supply, water disposal and sanitation in every settlement. Water supply management system will be converted to a market format with a reliable subsidy system for vulnerable groups. 

The use of modern autonomous water treatment systems together with combined small HPP / SPP / WPP will allow to provide all settlements or territories with the whole complex “clean energy - clean water” regardless of the availability of main power transmission lines and water mains.

The state will provide access to clean drinking water, proper operation and maintenance, financial and institutional sustainability of water supply, sanitation and sanitary facilities for all settlements. 

Government policy will focus on principle of resource conservation and rational use of water resources, including waterwaste reuse.

Environment, climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction

In the field of environmental protection, the main policy will be aimed at creating an environment that is favorable for human life, rational use of natural resources for socio-economic development and preservation of the unique ecosystems of the Kyrgyz Republic for future generations.

Improvement of environmental data management will be the basis for improving environmental performance in order to reasonably formulate and implement development plans, as well as to make environmentally sound decisions. Development of measures and policies for the development of the country will be based on reliable information about trends in the change of the condition of environment and preliminary environmental and economic assessment of natural resources with the establishment of limits for their use in the near future. In turn, promotion of environmental education and upbringing starting from the level of kindergartens and schools will allow fostering a generation of citizens with positive ecological mindset and awareness of responsibility for preservation of natural resource potential of the country.

Economic activities that lead to poverty reduction and social progress, on the one hand, and do not exceed environmental sustainability of natural ecosystems, on the other hand, require more effective planning and management of country transition to sustainable development through various elements of green development and introduction of measures on climate change adaptation. In this regard, Kyrgyzstan will establish close collaboration with the Global Climate Fund.

Transition to sustainable development implies gradual restoration of natural ecosystems to a level that provides environmental sustainability and at which there is a real possibility for future generations to live while meeting their vital needs and interests.

Activities will be aimed at preservation and restoration of natural environment, landscapes, ecosystems and biological diversity by expanding the environmental network, including specially protected natural territories of various categories, allowing to ensure protection of flora and fauna species included in the Red Book of the Kyrgyz Republic. Expansion of green space is a key element in reducing the risks of climate change, land degradation and air pollution. 

Special emphasis will be placed on greening urban areas, preserving mountain forest ecosystems and increasing the area of perennial artificial plantations, supporting forest planting programs. Expansion of the network of specially protected natural territories to 10% of the total area of the country is planned.

In order to ensure environmental safety, it is necessary to implement a number of activities, including solving problems of reducing risks of radioactive contamination and land degradation in adjacent areas, rehabilitating tailings sites of the former uranium production facilities, and carrying out active work on attracting international assistance.

Regulation of environmental management and environmental protection will be aimed at the integration and interaction of environmental factors and economic incentives:

– promotion of the most effective measures to reduce the harmful impacts on the environment;

– establishment of economic barriers for environmentally inefficient activities;

– harmonization of relations between society and nature through development of economic activities within the reproduction capacity of natural environment in order to preserve natural and restore disturbedecosystems. 

Minimization of negative environmental consequences with the economic growth will be carried out through implementation of mandatory environmental impact assessment and environmental impact assessment of planned economic and other development projects.

The policy for sustainable waste management should become a matter of national importance, to be implemented through intersectoral, interregional and intermunicipal cooperation aimed at complete elimination of uncontrolled landfills, preventing expansion of new and reducing the area of existing landfills.

Measures will be taken to reduce the level of their formation (introduction of low-waste, resource-saving technologies), processing, recycling, safe disposal. In parallel, economic mechanisms will be introduced to facilitate waste recycling with extraction of useful components, including electronic and electrical waste. Special emphasis will be placed on the development of cost-effective infrastructure intended for recycling and disposal of domestic waste in the cities.

It is planned to revise the policy on transport sector development, implement cost-effective solutions, which in turn can reduce the level of emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases.

Development of country regions

A citizen will be able to choose quality services and goods from suppliers of various forms of ownership, regardless of where they live in the country. Social development in the regions should be aimed at stimulating productive employment, supporting the most needy groups of the population. Successful development of the regions is the key to successful development of Kyrgyzstan as a whole. 

It is necessary that the cities and ayil aimaks of the country be resilient, sustainable, safe and comfortable for citizens of the country, which will allow to reduce internal migration and fix young professionals in their positions.

It is impossible to constantly “expand in breadth, one needs to soar”. We must change the image of our cities and villages, give them a modern look, which will require a new approach to spatial planning and development, raised requirements for architectural and building norms and standards. At the same time, it obliges to form an urban culture and development environment. The development of the city not only as industrial, financial, cultural center, but also fostering the culture of behavior and attitude of people, moral, legal and political culture of an individual.

The economy of the regions will be based on formation of “growth areas”, which will be provided with preferences on behalf of the state depending on the progress achieved. The regions will compete for the right to receive investments, including from the state.

The regions need to form rational models of production and consumption that will allow them to organically integrate into the national economic space. Urbanization, development of large regional settlements as reference points for development, establishment of logistics centers and industrial enterprises there will ensure sustainable production and economic ties with adjacent territories, the real integration of small and medium businesses. Regional specialization in a limited number of products will be a prerequisite for large and competitive production development in the regions. 

At the same time, management system will provide balance between the leading regions and the regions that need support due to their weak economic capacity, ensure fulfillment of social and other guarantees of the state to the citizen regardless his place of residence.

Regional development planning should be based on a modern understanding of integrated spatial planning, taking into account all natural, social and economic factors, based on geo-information and demographic data. 

Regional development planning should be implemented using modern technologies within the framework of the national system linking the plans of various sectors and levels of government in a single mechanism for planning, monitoring and adjustment of development process. This planning system should be the basis for formation of the republican development budget and inter-budgetary relations.

It is necessary to reduce the risks associated with emergencies, reduce pollution of land and water resources by introducing best practices and strengthening control over the operation of mining companies.

Development of efficient energy and irrigation networks, road and transport infrastructure, construction of clean drinking water supply and sewerage systems in the settlements are priority tasks for the state. The key task of local authorities will consist in formation of economic and social actors ensuring local development.

In the sphere of regional development the following priorities have been identified.

Formation of competitive market of public, municipal and communal services. The state will provide conditions for stimulating engagement of entities of various legal forms in service provision. Motivational factors will be based on mutually beneficial pricing systems, tariff policies, principles of subsidizing, awarding public, municipal and social contracts to the best service providers.

Private and non-profit sector should assume the main functions of service provision, releasing public and municipal bodies from performance of uncharacteristic functions, and lessening the burden on republican and local budgets. Development of supporting cities and ayil aimaks – “growth areas” - based on business planning principles. 

The task of territorial state bodies and local self-government bodies will be to create an environment in which attractive conditions will be created for development entities in the field of economy, education, health care, culture, sports and social protection to ensure implementation of their initiatives and attraction of human and financial resources. For these purposes, the local self-government bodies will be trained, their qualifications will be improved in the areas of development of regional economy and the need to attract investments. The work of local leaders will be evaluated judging on attracted investments and newly created jobs.

Urban development will not be based on solving urgent problems of infrastructural nature, but on using and promoting existing development factors, supporting successful initiatives and projects. 

Comprehensive planning and management system will reduce disparities in regional development. Inability of local authorities to effectively perform development functions gives rise to implementation of administrative and territorial reform. The main objective of the reform is to create favorable conditions for the people, optimize the vertical of public administration, the system of public and municipal administration. 

Thus, as a result of management reform, a new administrative-territorial division of the Kyrgyz Republic will be created, based on objective socio-economic processes that are effectively regulated within the framework of integrated planning and management system.

We need to vigorously eliminate all factors that slowing down the development of the regions, excluding economic motives for regional economy growth, causing low access to social services of the population living in the regions. It is important to provide them with the necessary legislative support and financial resources, as well as to create the necessary economic incentives to turn the economy towards the regions.

The new model of territorial administration will be based on increasing responsibility of territorial state bodies and local governments in improving quality of life of the people. Local state administrations will be given new tasks to implement national, as well as state sector programs, taking into account specialization and peculiarities of the regions. To this effect, they will be given the necessary managerial, administrative powers and resources, as well as the authority to delegate state powers to local governments. 

It is very important that local authorities master real modern management mechanisms. We need a revision and transition from sectoral to integrated management connecting territories and industries. We must create effective mechanisms for managing territories and preserving security of borders of the Kyrgyz Republic.

Socio-economic development of border areas, along with development and implementation of special economic measures, should be achieved, including through ensuring border security.

3.3 Priority development sectors

Industrial potential of the country

Citizens will get access to productive and high-income jobs that stimulate technical education and creativity.

Industry will develop in a comprehensive manner, effectively using its own raw materials and production base, while emphasis will be placed on proportional distribution of enterprises throughout the country.

Complementary production facilities will be integrated within the framework of cluster solutions to improve competitiveness of core products.

It is necessary to press for increased efficiency of mining, introduction of modern mining technologies with minimal impact on the environment. Mineral resources development should provide formation of financial resources for development. Revenues from the subsoil should be directed not only to solving current problems, environmental development, but also to strategic objectives. Revolving funds should be created, which will be aimed at developing the future, developing technologies, innovations in business, economy, culture, etc.

This activity will be continued until the tasks of the economic and social development of Kyrgyzstan are sustainable and fully financed from other sources. Subsoil use should be in compliance with the full range of environmental protection requirements, including rehabilitation of natural landscapes and disturbed lands, and under public control. It is important to support research and training of specialists in the field of subsoil use.

Development of competitive production of high-quality petroleum products and building materials will allow their supply to domestic market and export potential development. High dependence of Kyrgyzstan on import of fuel and lubricants, the lack of sufficient own reserves of hydrocarbons call for policy that would encourage growth of extraction and production of fuel meeting high environmental quality standards. 

Shift to the use of high-quality fuel in combination with expansion of the use of alternative energy sources will be a priority. At the same time, it is necessary to diversify energy supplies for the needs of national economy.

Development of significant reserves of non-metallic mineral raw materials while meeting environmental protection requirements and taking into account interests of local communities, manufacturing high-quality modern building materials will create conditions for construction industry accelerated development. 

This will contribute to an increase in construction of housing, social and industrial facilities, transition to new architectural and construction systems, types of buildings and modern technologies.

Conditions will be created for capacity developmentof jewelry industry with the key task to get access to theinternational markets.

It is necessary to create sub-sectors of manufacturing industry, first of all assembly plants, materials and parts, restoration of idle facilities. Development of industries should ensure growth of productive employment and decent work for the citizens of the country, promote development of industrial technologies and exact sciences in Kyrgyzstan. Domestic manufacturing industry should be focused on formation of export potential and import substitution of certain goods. Industrial policy will include localization of foreign industrial enterprises, entry into intercountry value-added chains, and creation of favorable conditions for access to production infrastructure. Development of industrial zones in different regions will be promoted.

Agroindustrial complex and cooperation

In the field of agriculture, the main policy consists in providing the population of the Kyrgyz Republic with quality food and turn the industry into a supplier of high-quality environmentally friendly, organic products to globaland regional markets.State support will be directed to large rural enterprises, farms and cooperatives that produce and process agricultural products and create high added value.

The main area in agricultural sector and agro-industrial complex development is to overcome the country’s limited competitive abilities in foreign markets as a supplier of significant volumes of agricultural products to global and regional markets and the lack of production facilities for traditional crops. An international system of quality control of production, storage and processing of agricultural products will be introduced in the industry.

To increase access to credit resources for rural producers, to reduce interest rates on loans, the program of affordable concessional lending will be implemented, specialized financial institutions for lending agricultural products will be established.

Government policy to improve competitiveness of the agricultural sector and agro-industrial complex will support production of various types of agricultural products giving priority to environmentally friendly, organic products that have high added value and for which global demand is rapidly growing. The broad-scale development of greenhouse complexes will also continue, new high-tech production methods will be introduced, while remaining environmentally friendly in order to ensure organic orientation of the agricultural sector of the country.

To increase economic efficiency of the agriculture the state will facilitate transformation of small private farms into cooperatives. 

Given significant number of small farms and the length of the transformation process, the policy aimed at supporting such farms owned by poor rural people will be continued in order to improve their productivity, competitiveness, diversification of income and self-production of food.

Agrarian policy for systematic and consistent improving efficiency of water and land resources use will be adopted by means of increasing energy efficiency of agricultural labor, specialization and concentrating regional production by zones, regularly improving the balance of land for processing sector development, expanding the irrigation network and introducing farming techniques for yield enhancement. 

The state policy in agriculture will be aimed at ensuring food security and nutrition, at increasing food independence of the country and implies availability and affordability of food for the population in accordance with minimum standards for food consumption established by the state while respecting food safety requirements.

Ensuring food security and energy value of food for the population is the basis of health of the nation and future generations.

Light industry clusters

Creating a highly efficient and highly competitive light industry, achieving a significant multiplicative effect on the entire economy, encouraging the growing role of the regions in light industry goods manufacturing, helping to improve production structure and inclusion of light industry products in financially intensive and profitable market segments.

Light industry sectors focused on local human resources and raw materials, accumulated experience and production ties are the most promising in Kyrgyzstan, including textiles, clothing, knitwear, leather and other sectors.

Organization of production in the light industry will be improved, its efficiency will be enhanced based on cluster approach. Priority will be given to support vertically integrated production chains development, including sectors that produce final products, and the sectors that are engaged in manufacturing basic materials - fabrics, haberdashery leather, as well as certain types of garment accessories, those sectors that provide design and fashion services, and logistics. It is necessary to reduce the costs of clothing and other light industry enterprises by concentrating them in technopolises in a limited area with appropriate infrastructure and communications, with accessible services of financial institutions, exhibition halls, education and practical training institutions, research institutions dealing with technology development.

Due to policy measures implementation, a new level of production will be achieved with significant improvement of the product line of the industry with emphasis on highly-remunerative market segments. It is necessary to support best practices application in creating efficient production to release modern and high-quality light industry products that provide access to capacious and profitable market segments. 

To achieve high competitiveness in the light industry, it is required to increase management system efficiency, which should provide support for rapid and targeted restructuring of production, taking into account changes in demand, emergence of new materials and technologies and for improving product line structure. In the future, government support measures will lead to formation of large national companies in the industry.

Sustainable development of tourism

Tourism industry of Kyrgyzstan has a comparative advantage due to both its natural and climatic resources and its favorable geographical location in the Central Asian subcontinent. New market opportunities for its development will ensure inclusion of tourist product of the country in the tourist nomination “The Great Silk Road” and in future internationalization of tourism product in the project “One Belt - One Road”.

Tourism industry concentrates market efforts on promotion of types of tourism based on factors of uniqueness of the offer: resort and recreational tourism, mountain adventure tourism, cultural tourism. The consumer has access to information that is filled with economic content, which allows to track the processes occurring in the industry and effectively achieve his own goals and objectives. 

A set of interdependent and complementary marketing strategies has been developed for the relevant target markets.

Optimization of industry structure will be supported, which includes different in scale entities, from small enterprises to industry giants observing single high standard of safety and quality of services.

Tourist clusters formation, including new winter holidays clusters, is the tool for harmonizing demand and tourism development. It becomes apparent that the priority should be given to the territorial aspect of sectoral development of tourism. It is necessary to solve the problem of rational cooperation and self-organization of development actors.   

Tourism contributes to reducing economic disparities between mountainous and lowland areas of the country providing support to mountainous communities and developing mountainous areas through tourism development, their inclusion in tourism logistics and business chains. 

Domestic tourism segment will grow following the growth in household disposable income, due to the need of the individual for meaningful and useful free time, as well as an increase in the share of urban population and urbanization of the country. The capacity of domestic tourism is actively used in educational programs to transfer social experience, to popularize historical and cultural heritage of the country and to contribute to civic nation formation.

Introduction of national tourism products in the framework of the Great Silk Road project in the EAEU countries and neighboring countries could be a promising area. This is a good opportunity, but also a great responsibility, which obliges to provide high quality tourist product. We need professional staff at all levels from management to operational staff, modern infrastructure to enable comfortable and safe stay in Kyrgyzstan.

Preservation and widespread use of the World Nomad Games brand will also contribute to tourism development, attracting guests and increasing recognizability of the country in the global tourism market.

Efficient system will be established to guarantee safety and protection of tourists, tourist facilities, injury prevention, including re-establishment of a rescue service, compulsory risk insurance and works related to zoning areas with limited access for tourists and mountaineers.     

IV. Public administration

4.1 Efficient and fair state for every citizen

Kyrgyzstan will consistently strengthen democratic principles in development of the state. Involving broader segments of the population in the national decision-making process will allow for maximum consideration of the will of the population in the country. 

Principle of public administration development in digital sphere consists in transition to an open service model with the main role to develop and provide transparent rules of the game, equality and security for all participants, maintain critical infrastructure and gradually transfer functions of direct service provision to public and private entities.

The political system should provide consistency of development objectives based on consideration of interests of all large groups of society and making harmonized decisions.

Responsibility for achievement of development objectives set forth should lie with all actors in the political system, including both representative bodies and civil society.

Public confidence is the most important criterion of public administration success, which is ensured due to:

-      fair and transparent local and state elections based on effective and clear legislation that most fully provides for electoral rights of citizens and is developed taking into account world and national experience;

-      wide opportunities for citizens to participate in the management of state and public affairs, the right of citizens to receive public information, exercising effective control over the activities of the government at all levels due to wide application of public councils at state bodies and other forms of interaction between the state and civil society. Public participation in government also implies broad use of national and local referenda on various issues of state and public life;

-      fair and independent judicial system that protects human rights and legitimate interests, guarantees the inviolability of property;

-      efficiency response of state bodies to the needs and requests of citizens, which is ensured by expedite and efficient grievance mechanism, as well as availability of solid mechanism for responding to citizens’ petitions;

-      presence of a system of state and local self-government bodies with functions and powers that are clearly and unambiguously distributed between them with effective checks and balances system, and these functions and powers are exercised in accordance with transparent and detailed procedures by highly qualified and patriotic corps of public servants, municipal employees and politicians.

4.2 Balanced system of state authority

Political system stability will be guaranteed by the balance of political forces in the country. The system of checks and balances should be built in such a way as to prevent total dominance of any political force giving an opportunity to implement sound alternative development ideas.

President

The President as the head of state, personifying the unity of the people and state power, will be supported by the institutions of strategic management, the institutions that allow for national unity, stability, national security and development of the country. The basic functions should be assigned to the President, in particular, the functions of preserving the foundations of the constitutional system and ensuring political stability, to be the guarantor of the rights and freedoms of citizens, representative functions of the head of state.

The Institute of the President will become a key entity in the organization of this Strategy implementation together with other branches of government and civil society. 

Legislative power

The Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic in the new conditions will actually reflect and represent the interests of society. This will be the key to real democracy based on law and justice. Extensive rights of the Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic in legislative activity, approval of the budget, formation of the Government and control over its activities should be aimed at enhancing stability in our society. 

To this effect, it is necessary to eliminate as much as possible the possibility of making decisions by the parliament that are populist in nature, that reduce efficiency of executive authorities, and impede administration of justice. At the same time, the parliament should be adequately responsible for the results of development of the country, society and economy.

Formation of the Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic on the basis of strong political parties. By 2040, the parliament should be formed from political parties that transparently nominate their representatives for political posts, who have clear programs and give an account regarding their work, as well as sources of funding. Political parties that have entered the parliament will receive support from the republican budget for implementation of their party programs and preparation for parliamentary elections. Legislative work will be performed jointly with the Government. The political environment should change towards better quality with a phased reduction of the parties that exist only on paper.

The course chosen by the country towards strengthening parliamentary democracy will be supported by development of political parties building process as institutions for expression of public interests and formation of representative bodies. Political parties should compete on the basis of the programs they offer, they should have a significant impact on formation of new insight and be responsible for development of the state.

Further reform of electoral process and electoral legislation will be aimed at eliminating the possibility of unfair competition methods, which include bribing and using administrative resources. 

It is necessary to continue efforts on improving political culture of the population and on reforming electoral legislation.

Executive power

Executive branch of power formed by the parliamentary majority should provide for socio-economic development of the country. The government is exempt from interfering into its operational activities by other branches of power. The government and parliamentary majority should be responsible for the results of their activities. At the same time, the government, ministries and departments should be protected from decisions made based on narrow party interests. 

It is necessary to ensure transition to a technocratic model of governance, that is, the system of governing bodies of executive branch of power, which is formed not according to party and ideological principles, that consists of professionals who are guided in their activities by common sense and the interests of society within the framework of constitutional principles.

Conceptual change of interdepartmental cooperation implies revision of structure and functionality of the executive branch, a change in regulations and managerial decision-making process, their transfer to digital technologies.

At the same time, staff policy in public administration system should be based on training and engaging qualified specialists and managers who are able to resist the ideological and political pressure imposed on them. It should be understood that without a fundamental change in current managerial traditions it would be impossible to engage managers of new generation.  

We need large-scale retraining and advanced training programs. Fair rules should be provided for recruiting and promoting the best specialists. 

The government needs to move from non-tariff to tariffmethods of economic regulation.

It is necessary to outsource some of the functions and services performed or rendered by the state. First of all these are provision of services, business and agency functions. The state will establish regulatory and institutional framework to optimize development of digital public and municipal services. Public and municipal services will be provided in digital format with the possibility of online access.

Due to reducing non-characteristic functions and tasks the state will be able to enhance efficiency in performing its basic functions - ensuring integrity and security, development and monitoring of observance of common rules (laws), ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens.

Issues related to further improvement of all institutions of state power and their interaction should be the focus of the state and society.    

4.3 Rule of law and law enforcement

Strong and fair judiciary is a pledge of public confidence in the rule of law, economic sustainability, political stability and investor confidence.

The judicial reform will mostly focus on creation by 2040 of a truly independent judiciary in order to establish a balanced system of state power and prevent eroding the principle of separation of powers.

By 2040, functioning of the entire justice system will be based on strict adherence to principle of personal integrity. The court secures respect for human and citizen rights, protects freedom of the individual from possible arbitrariness of state bodies, primarily from the part of law enforcement agencies. This requires adoption of the constitutional law “On Freedom (Immunity) of the Person” by analogy with the Habeascorpusact. 

Fair judicial system and prosecution bodies providing for exact and uniform application and enforcement of laws guarantee the rule of law in the state. Public confidence in the courts and prosecution authorities depends on transparency of their activities and fairness of decisions rendered. 

In order to improve quality of administration of justice and create unimpeded access to justice for citizens, unnecessary elements in the judicial system will be removed, specialized courts (administrative, investment, juvenile, etc.) will be established.

The court of cassation will review judicial acts only regarding correct application of legal rules.

In order to reduce the duration of case consideration and judicial red tape, the possibility to refer cases to a new hearing by the court of appeal will be eliminated.

Application of modern information technologies in the operation of the courts is among the priorities for optimizing the administration of justice. Introduction of electronic court proceedings will allow not only to achieve maximum transparency and facilitate citizen access to justice, but also help improve quality, timeliness, transparency and openness of justice.

Every citizen will have direct access to online information regarding the state of criminality and measures taken by the state to combat it. 

Prosecution authorities of the Kyrgyz Republic will become the authorized body in the field of legal statistics with introduction of relevant electronic databases of all public bodies and local self-governments constituting a single integrated network and allowing smooth realization of the right of citizens to access to information. Objective legal statistics will also serve as justification to resort to reorientation of all law enforcement agencies focus from dealing with consequences of already committed offenses towards crime prevention.

Institutional framework of the judicial system will be strengthened by a uniform court practice fully and clearly formulated by the Plenum of the Supreme Court. 

In order to improve professionalism and responsibility of judges, a system for evaluating their professional activities will be introduced. The evaluation results will be taken into account upon competitive selection for filling the vacant position of a judge, when assigning a qualification class, when considering the issue of intangible rewards and when deciding whether to bring a judge to disciplinary responsibility.

While safeguarding the right of everyone to judicial protection, the state will provide for development of extrajudicial and pre-trial methods, forms and ways of protecting human and citizen rights and freedoms.

Development of the institution of mediation will cause significant relief of the judicial system. Efforts will also be made to develop the institution of arbitration. At the same time, civil and economic disputes will be considered by both courts of general jurisdiction and arbitration courts taking into account the right to choose the court by the parties.

Reducing the level of punitive practice and humanization of the legislation will continue. Many financial and economic crimes, for which criminal punishment is envisaged, will be transferred to the category of administrative offences implying payment of fines.

4.4 Development of local self-governance

The following priorities have been established in the process of local self-government development as an institution of government closest to the population.

             Broad involvement of the population in managing community affairsis important.

             Within the framework of ensuring efficiency of government system at the local level further decentralization of state power with an adequate mechanism for financing local governments is required. There is the task to strengthen government system at the local level in terms of organizing a sustainable system of service provision, budget formation and execution, and resource management.

             It is also necessary to increase the responsibility and discipline of local governments in implementation of tasks set by the population and performing their functional duties.

             First of all, we are talking about formation of a responsible local community, where each member is consciously and skillfully able to participate in the development of the territory, form efficient local governments and control them.

              Secondly, it is necessary to create a legal, methodological framework to establish market of utilities. Local governments act as customers when organizing service delivery system.

             It is necessary to reform the system of inter-budgetary relations and budget process so that formation of development budget in each city or aiyl aimak becomes a priority. For each city or aiyl aimak, conditions will be created that motivate them to form their development budgets.

             New forms of joint work of local governments and public administration bodies will be established, including national dialogue, mechanisms for coordinating the interests of local communities with the interests of the nation on important issues, including inter-budgetaryrelations.

             Responsibility for the decisions made is enhanced in the activities of representative bodies of local self-government. By introducing new criteria and requirements for candidates for deputies to local keneshes capacity of local self-government will be significantly increased, the risks of unlawful, ineffective decisions will be minimized.

4.5 Secure country

Security of citizens is the basic and most important element of establishment, preservation and development of our state. Ensuring a high level of protection of the rights of subjects of personal data to personal privacy, personal and family secrets, as well as compliance with the legislation in the field of personal data is among priority tasks of the state.

Public confidence in law enforcement agencies will be a key success criterion for them. Crime prevention, depoliticisation and demilitarization of law enforcement will be a priority in the activities of law enforcement agencies. In-depth technical modernization of security facilities contributes to implementation of principle of inevitability of punishment.

The system of management, organization and military-technical equipment of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic minimizes the risks of external aggression. This goal is achieved by development of single systemic methods based on world military science and an integrated approach to solving the issues of building military organization. The state will form professional, mobile and high-tech Armed Forces of Kyrgyzstan.

Inviolability of state borders in the first place will be ensured by means of radical restructuring of border security system. First of all, it is necessary to switch to primarily law-enforcement methods of border protection with simultaneous introduction of operational and information-analytical methods of work. Introduction of digital and other innovative technologies not only in protecting “green border”, but also in the process of border crossing at the checkpoints is an important aspect. The state will also focus its efforts on socio-economic development of border areas as a key factor in guaranteeing security of the country.

In the sphere of information security, the state will focus on critical areas such as ensuring cybersecurity of information and communication technologies and information systems creating a system of response to cyber threats and cyber incidents, as well as preventing all types of extremism and terrorism without restricting freedom of speech. At the same time, formation of domestic media content that is able to compete in the relevant areas is important. The efforts of the state will be aimed at supporting development of content that meets national interests.

4.6 Pragmatic foreign policy

Vision: Foreign policy of the Kyrgyz Republic is based on protection and promotion of national interests and is aimed at creating opportunities for achieving strategic development goals, promoting positive image of the Kyrgyz Republic in the international arena, creating favorable foreign policy and external economic conditions for sustainable development of the Kyrgyz Republic, ensuring growth of well-being of the people, promoting national and regional security, protection of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic abroad.

The Kyrgyz Republic finds a reasonable balance and makes informed and verified foreign policy decisions. 

Foreign policy of the Kyrgyz Republic is guided by domestic development needs and is pursued on the basis of equal dialogue with all our external partners.

The Kyrgyz Republic implements predictable, pragmatic and focused policy to strengthen comprehensive cooperation with neighboring countries, allies and strategic partners, the near and far abroad countries.

The Kyrgyz Republic creates conditions for promotion of national interests within the framework of global and regional organizations and integration associations.

In its foreign policy, the Kyrgyz Republic is guided by the following basic principles and priorities:

-      protection of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the country;

-      ensuring peace, security and stability of the Kyrgyz Republic and the region;

-      promotion of international cooperation and friendly relations with foreign countries;

-      protection of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic abroad;

-      assistance through foreign policy instruments to create favorable external economic environment for harmonious and sustainable development of the people, society and the state.

Economic diplomacy

         Taking into account the steady positive political dialogue with external partners, the main emphasis in the foreign policy of the Kyrgyz Republic should be placed on development and deepening foreign economic relations with foreign countries and international organizations. 

The main areas of activity.

• Active focused work at all levels on harmonious integration of the economy of the Kyrgyz Republic within the EAEU. 
• Enabling full-fledged and effective cooperation within the framework of integration structures,of which Kyrgyzstan is a party,for sustainable development of the national economy based on the fundamental principles of free movement of goods, services, capital and labor force without barriers, derogations and restrictions, as well as improvement of forms and mechanisms of cooperation. 
• Active participation in regional projects implementation taking into account the need to improve production and transit capacity of the country. 
• Diversification of foreign economic focus of Kyrgyzstan through development of mutually beneficial trade, economic and investment cooperation with the countries of South and Southeast Asia, the Arab East and America.
• Active participation in formation of regional markets for fuel and energy resources within the framework of the EAEU, CASA-1000, and etc.

Strengthening national and regional security

Sustainable development of the Kyrgyz Republic, ensuring security of its citizens, attracting foreign investment and realizing tourism potential largely depend on the level of security from external threats. In this regard, strengthening of national and regional security is a significant priority of foreign policy in Kyrgyzstan. 

The main areas of activity.

• Assistance to provide a reliable system of collective security in the framework of the CSTO to counter international terrorism, extremism, drug trafficking. Enhancing interaction with CSTO member states in the field of border security.
• Improvement of military and military-technical cooperation both on a bilateral basis and within the framework of regional and international organizations.
• Resolving issues of delimitation and demarcation of the state border of the Kyrgyz Republic with neighboring countries.
• Development of socio-economic, cultural and humanitarian relations of border areas of the Kyrgyz Republic and neighboring countries.

4.7 Taza Koom– digital transformation of the country

Taza Koomis the National Digital Transformation Program to create an open, transparent and high-tech society at the level of a citizen, a competitive business, a stable state and reliable international relations.

First of all, it is an effective and transparent system of public administration, building harmonious interaction with society based on free access and use of modern digital technologies. All areas of state life will be equipped with modern technologies that will ensure achievement of economic welfare, social well-being, peace and order in the country. The program will have a positive impact not only on the system of government and the economy, but also on education and health care systems, provision of social services, and efficiency of judicial and law enforcement systems. Taza Koomwill be an effective tool to eradicate corruption in public sector by minimizing influence of human factor through automation of administrative processes and procedures and provision of digital public and municipal services.

High technology and human capital will help create new products and services in those sectors of economy that provide high added value and are in demand outside the country. They will also allow for the full use of opportunities arising from membership in the Eurasian Economic Union and implementation of “One Belt - One Road” project for Kyrgyzstan as an international trade, transit, educational and cultural and health center on the revived Silk Road. 

A world-class digital infrastructure will be built in the country integrated into global information flows. Development of digital infrastructure will be the basis for innovative development of traditional industries and emergence of new ones. 

The National Digital Transformation Program “Taza-Koom” will allow to begin the path to the future opening new opportunities. Digital transformation will have a high priority for any government programs, in the medium term it will be aimed at creating a leading digital infrastructure in the scale of the subcontinent (Central and South Asia) based on the principle of advanced sufficiency.

It is necessary to include digital transformation component in all conceptual and strategic documents developed in accordance with this Strategy.

The long-term objective is to attract production facilities of international companies located in the territory of the EAEU countries to Kyrgyzstan, whose efficiency largely depends on the practice of customs and technical regulations application (pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, industrial assembly). To this effect, it is necessary to focus on consolidating transit assets, to adopt and practically implement advanced development programs: early implementation of the B2B2C digital platform (development of national or identification of one of the leading global one); implementation of smart contracts; acceleration of simple and transparent pretrial and judicial procedures.

Taza Koomwill accelerate transition to digital economy, which in the future will create a mobile and flexible state able to quickly respond to any modern challenges. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to implement an ambitious program to transform the state, public and business environment. Modernization process will cover the key social sectors of the country (education, health, environment), economic spheres (energy, agriculture, industry, services) and political sector (preventing corruption, fair elections).

4.8. Civil society development

In Kyrgyzstan, presence of a strong, independent civil society is an indisputable fact and advantage. The direct and indirect contribution of civil sector to the national economy, in solving social problems, strengthening legal consciousness in citizens is indisputable. The state will maximize the capacity of civil society to achieve development objectives based on partnership and concurrence of missions in a particular area of human activity. 

         State policy for civil society development:

-  guarantees protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms, creates conditions for joint actions of the state, business and civil society in order to improve the quality of life of the population and achieve sustainable development of the country;

-  creates conditions for broad participation of civil society in decision-making processes at the national and local levels;

-  supports citizens’ initiatives aimed at providing the community with demanded services, promoting socially useful ideas and projects through mechanisms of transparent, competitive financing.

Priority tasks for the medium term.

Identification of principles of building dialogue and cooperation with government institutions and businesses.

Improving the legislative framework and institutional mechanisms to involve civil society in decision-making processes, including using information technologies, within the membership of the Kyrgyz Republic in the Open Governmentpartnership initiative.

Improving the legislation to stimulate civic participation, encourage charitable and sponsorship activities of citizens and legal entities, increase social responsibility of citizens and business, support the volunteer movement.

Creating conditions for financial sustainability of civil society organizations through redistribution of national wealth and the Sustainable Development Fund; optimization of taxation to stimulate charity; introduction of mechanisms for engaging civil society organizations as providers of public and municipal services, including expanding the practice of using public social procurement.

The main task of the media is to provide the population of the country and the international community with objective information about our country, promoting awareness of rich cultural and historical heritage, national values and traditions of the people, their achievements in various areas of social life. 

It is very important for the media to clearly present current realities, urge people to preserve peace, stability and calm, make their constructive contribution to strengthening the independence of our state and increasing its authority in the world.

Efforts on further liberalization of the media, strengthening their independence, implementation of international legal norms and democratic standards in practical activities of the media should be continued. The focus will be placed on political and legal aspects of enforcing freedom of expression, access to objective information and other problems in development of the information sphere.

Principles of constructive interaction, mechanisms for building dialogue and cooperation between civil society organizations and state institutions and businesses will be developed and implemented. In this regard, it is advisable to develop a program of state support for civil society organizations that would implement the idea of government order, and its active involvement in setting goals and objectives for civil society organizations aimed at national development.