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SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Independence - Freedom - Happiness
QCVN 09:2017/BXD
NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ONENERGY EFFICIENCY BUILDINGS
Hanoi - 2017
INTRODUCTION
QCVN 09:2017/BXD - “National Technical Regulation on Energy Efficiency Buildings” was reviewed by the Construction Technique Institute (Vietnam Association of Structural Engineering and Construction Technology) based onthe QCVN 09:2013/BXD, submitted by the Department of Science, Technology and Environment, and enacted by the Ministry of Construction under Circular 15/2017/TT-BXD, dated on December 28, 2017.
QCVN 09:2017/BXD shall replace the QCVN 09:2013/BXD - “National Technical Regulation on Energy Efficiency Buildings”, which was enacted by the Minister of Construction in Circular 15 /2013/TT-BXD dated September 26, 2013.
The National Technical Regulation on Energy Efficiency Buildings was developed thanks to the support of the Government of Denmark and the contribution of experts from the Vietnam Association of Civil EngineeringEnvironment, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) of theUnited States Department of Energy.
National Technical Regulation on Energy Efficiency Buildings
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Scope
1.1.1 The National Technical Regulation on Energy Efficiency Buildings provides mandatory technical standards indesign, construction or retrofit of buildings with a gross floor area of 2,500 m2 or larger of the following types:
1) Offices;
2) Hotels;
3) Hospitals;
4) Schools;
5) Commercials, services,
6) Residential.
1.1.2 The requirements of this Regulation apply to:
1) Building envelope;
2) Ventilation and air conditioning systems;
3) Lighting systems;
4) Other electrical equipment (electric motors, water heating systems).
NOTE: For retrofit projects of building types within the scope of this Regulation, the mandatory requirements for building envelope, ventilation and air conditioning systems, lighting systems and other electrical equipment shall apply to the corresponding systems to be retrofitted.
1.2. Coverage
This Regulation shall apply to all organizations and individuals involved in activities pertaining to construction ofbuildings within the scope of this Regulation.
1.3. References
QCXDVN 05:2008/BXD | Vietnam Building Code: Dwellings and Public Buildings -Occupational Health and Safety; |
QCVN 12:2014/BXD | National Technical Regulation on Electrical Installations of Dwelling and Public Buildings; |
AMCA 205 | Energy efficiency classification for fans; |
ANSI Z21.10.3 | Gas Water Heater, Volume 3, Storage, with Input Ratingsabove 75,000 Btu/h, Circulating and Instantaneous Water Heaters; |
ARI 210/240 | Performance rating of unitary air-conditioning and air-sourceheat pump equipment; |
ARI 340/360 | Performance rating of commercial and industrial unitary air-conditioning and heat pump equipment; |
ARI 365 | Commercial and industrial unitary air-conditioning condensing units; |
ARI 550/590 | Performance rating of water-chilling packages using the vaporcompression cycle; |
ARI 560-2000 | Absorption water chilling and water heating packages; |
ASHRAE 90.1-2016 | Energy standard for buildings except low-rise residential buildings; |
NEMA MG 1-2016 | Motors and generators; |
NFRC 200-2017 | Procedure for determining fenestration product Solar Heat GainCoefficients and Visible Transmittance at normal incidence; |
ISO 6946-2017 | Building components and building elements: Thermal resistanceand thermal transmittance - Calculation method; |
ISO 10456-2007 | Building materials and products – Hygrothermal properties -Tabulated design values and procedures for determining declared and design thermal values |
ISO 12759:2010 | Fans - Efficiency classification for fans |
TCVN 4605:1988 | Heating techniques - Insulating components - Design standard |
TCVN 5687:2010 | Ventilation, Air-conditioning - Design standard; |
TCVN 6307:1997 (ISO 916:1968) | Testing of refrigerating systems; |
TCVN 6576:2013 (ISO 5151:2010) | Non-ducted air conditioners and heat pumps - Testing and rating forperformance; |
TCVN 7540:2013 | Three-phase asynchronous squirrel cage electrical motors: Part 1: Energy efficiency (TCVN 7540-1:2013); Part 2: Methods fordetermination of energy efficiency (TCVN 7540-2:2013); |
TCVN 7830:2015 | Non-ducted Air Conditioners - Energy Efficiency; |
TCVN 9258:2012 | Heat protection for residential buildings - Design guide; |
TCVN 10273-1:2013 (ISO 16358-1:2013) | Air-cooled air conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps - Testingand calculating methods for seasonal performance factors - Part 1:Cooling seasonal performance factor; |
1.4. Terms, definitions and symbols
1.4.1. Terms and definitions
1) Fan Efficiency Grade (FEG): The numerical rating that indicates the aerodynamic quality of a fan. It is defined as the air power divided by the fan input power;
2) Coefficient of Performance (COP, kW/kW): The ratio of the rate of heat removal to the rate of energy input, in consistent units, to be verified in accordance with existing national standards or designated operating conditions.COP is used to rate the efficiency of electricity-powered condenser air conditioner, including the compressor, evaporator coil and condenser coil. COP can also be used to rate the efficiency of water-cooled chiller (not including chiller pumps, condensed cooling water and cooling tower fans);
3) Coefficient of performance (COP) - heat pump: the ratio of the rate of heat output to the rate of energy input, in consistent units, for a complete heat pump system under designated operating conditions;
4) Overall thermal transfer value (OTTV): The total heat gain through the entire surface area of the building envelope, including opaque walls and glazing by every square meter of the building exterior surface area, W/m2;
5) Thermal Transmittance (U0): The intensity of a time-constant heat flux going through a surface area unit of the enclosing structure when the temperature difference of the air on both sides of the structure is 1 K, measured inW/m2.K;
6) Thermal Resistance: The inverse of overall heat transfer coefficient U0: R0 = 1/Uo, measured in m2.K/W;
7) Lamp efficiency: The ratio of rated light output to power consumption, measured in lumen/W;
8) Efficiency of the ventilation & air-conditioning systems: The ratio of output energy (useful energy at the time of use) to input energy, in consistent unit, for a specific length of time, measured in %;
9) Lighting power density (LPD): The ratio of electric lighting output to the illuminated area, measured in W/m2;
10) Building envelope: Building envelope or building enclosure consists of opaque or transparent walls, windows,doors, skylights, among others, that form enclosed spaces within a building.
1.4.2. Symbols, measurement units and acronyms
1) Symbols and measurement units
SHGC | Heat gain coefficient (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) of glazing, published bymanufacturers or determined in accordance with prevailing standards, dimensionless. In case manufacturers avails of the shading coefficient SC, SHGC =SC x 0.86; |
SC | Shading Coefficient |
R0 | Thermal resistance of enclosing assembly, measured in m2.K/W. Thermal Transmittance U0 = 1/R0, W/(m2.K); |
OTTVT | Overall thermal transfer value for walls – the mean intensity of the heat flux transferredthrough 1 m2 of exterior walls, W/m2; |
OTTVM | Overall thermal transfer value for roofs – the mean intensity of the heat flux transferredthrough 1 m2 of roofing, W/m2; |
WWR | Window to Wall Ratio, measured in %; |
2) Acronyms
AHU | Air Handling Unit; |
AMCA | Air Movement and Control Association International, Inc.; |
ANSI | American National Standards Institute; |
ARI | Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute; |
ASHRAE | American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers; |
ASME | American Society of Mechanical Engineers; |
HVAC | Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning |
NEMA | National Electric Manufacturers Association |
NFRC | National Fenestration Rating Council, Inc. |
ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
QCVN | National Technical Regulation; |
TCVN | National Standard |
2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Building envelope
2.1.1 Technical requirements for building envelope shall only apply to air-conditioned spaces.
2.1.2 Requirements for building exterior walls and roofs
1) Thermal Resistance R0 of the opaque parts:
- Exterior walls above the ground surface (opaque parts of the walls) of the air-conditioned spaces shall maintain aminimum overall thermal resistance value R0.min no smaller than 0.56 m2.K/W;
- Flat roofs and roofs with gradient of less than 15 degrees placed directly above the air-
conditioned spaces shall maintain a minimum overall thermal resistance value R0.min no smaller than 1.00 m2.K/W.
NOTES:
- Flat roofs with reflective materials: Thermal resistance value R0.min may be multiplied by a coefficient of
0.80 for roofs designed with reflective materials that have a solar reflectivity within a range of 0.70¸0.75(1) to increase heatreflectivity for the exterior roof surface (Annex 5);
- Roofs with gradient of 15 degrees or above: The minimum total thermal resistance value for roofs may be identified bymultiplying R0.min with a coefficient of 0.85;
- Roofs which are not obliged to follow Item 2.1.2: More than 90% of the roof is covered with a permanent sunshade withventilation. The sunshade must be installed at a minimum clearance of 0.3 m from the roof surface to be recognized as having ventilation between the roof and sunshade (double-layer roof with an air cushion in between).
2) Requirements for the transparent parts (glazing)
- Maximum SHGC values for glazing shall be respectively determined for the North facing façade, the Southfacing façade (North facing façade is defined as the façade oriented within the range of 22.5 degrees West of North and 22.5 degrees East of North; South facing façade is defined similarly) and the other orientations. Maximum SHGC values must comply with the values specified in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1 - WWR-related SHGC for glazing
WWR (%) | SHGC |
North | South | Other orientations |
20 | 0.90 | 0.90 | 0.80 |
30 | 0.64 | 0.70 | 0.58 |
40 | 0.50 | 0.56 | 0.46 |
50 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.38 |
60 | 0.33 | 0.39 | 0.32 |
70 | 0.27 | 0.33 | 0.27 |
80 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.23 |
90 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.20 |
100 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.17 |
NOTES: - WWR shall be calculated for each of the façades then averaged for the entire building(2); - If WWR does not match with the values in the table, SHGC values shall be determined through linearinterpolation using the nearest higher and lower WWR values; |
1 VGBC’s comment: It should be materials that have a solar reflectivity higher than 0.70.
2 VGBC’s comment: Actually there is no need to calculate the average WWR of the building as SHGC requirements are given for different orientations.
- Maximum SHGC value of glazed roofs is set at 0.3. For attic spaces designed with daylighting, maximumSHGC value of skylight is 0.6.
- In case of building facades being installed with permanent vertical or horizontal sunshades, SHGC values inTable 2.1 may be adjusted by multiplying them with the A coefficients in Table 2.2a and Table 2.2b.
Table 2.2a - Coefficient A for permanent horizontal sunshades
Projection FactorPF=b/H | Coefficient A |
North | South | Other orientations |
0.10 | 1.23 | 1.20 | 1.09 |
0.20 | 1.43 | 1.39 | 1.19 |
0.30 | 1.56 | 1.39 | 1.30 |
0.40 | 1.64 | 1.39 | 1.41 |
0.50 | 1.69 | 1.39 | 1.54 |
0.60 | 1.75 | 1.39 | 1.64 |
0.70 | 1.79 | 1.39 | 1.75 |
0.80 | 1.82 | 1.39 | 1.85 |
0.90 | 1.85 | 1.39 | 1.96 |
1.00 | 1.85 | 1.39 | 2.08 |
NOTES: - PF (Projection Factor) = b/H; b – projection of sunshade from the window surface; H – distance from thewindow-sill to the bottom of the sunshade; b and H share the same dimension for length. - Applicable for continuous horizontal sunshades placed above the upper window edge by a distance d,with d/H ≤ 0.1 (tolerance of less than 10%). |
Table 2.2b - Coefficient A for permanent vertical sunshades
Projection FactorPF=b/B | Coefficient A |
North | South | Other orientations |
0.10 | 1.25 | 1.11 | 1.01 |
0.20 | 1.52 | 1.19 | 1.03 |
0.30 | 1.75 | 1.22 | 1.05 |
0.40 | 1.82 | 1.25 | 1.06 |
0.50 | 1.85 | 1.28 | 1.09 |
0.60 | 1.85 | 1.30 | 1.10 |
0.70 | 1.89 | 1.30 | 1.12 |
0.80 | 1.89 | 1.30 | 1.14 |
0.90 | 1.89 | 1.30 | 1.16 |
1.00 | 1.89 | 1.30 | 1.18 |
NOTES: - PF (Projection Factor) = b/B; b – projection of the vertical sunshade from the surface of fenestration; B –window width from its side edge to the inner contact of vertical sunshade structure; b and B share the samedimension for length. - Applicable for continuous vertical sunshades placed by a clearance e from to the window edge, with e/B ≤ 0.1 (tolerance of less than 10%). |
- For buildings adjacent to the street, ground floor spaces, if designed for product and service promotion purposes, shall not have to comply with the SHGC requirements when meeting all of the following requirements: (a) Ground floor height is no greater than 6m; (b) Continuous sunshades with b/H > 0.5; (c) The area of glazing is smaller than 75% of the gross wall area of the ground floor at the side adjacent to street.
3) If the aforementioned requirements for R0 and SHGC are not applicable, the overall thermal transfer value (OTTV) of the opaque and transparent parts of building envelope shall be applied; and required as follow:
- OTTVT for walls is no greater than 60 W/m2;
- OTTVM for roofs is no greater than 25 W/m2.
NOTE: OTTVT for walls and OTTVM for roofs are determined using prevailing standards and technical guidelines.
2.1.3 Requirements for building components and elements of the walls and roofs
1) Thermal conductivity coefficient λ of materials and Overall thermal resistance value R0 of walls and roofs aredetermined in accordance with ISO 6946:2017, or following the instructions in Annex 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 of thisRegulation;
NOTES: Thermal conductivity coefficient λ of a material can be determined based on manufacturer’s published data, oraccording to TCVN 4605:1988, TCVN 9258:2012.
2) SHGC Certification of glazing must be provided by manufacturers. SHGC values of glazing shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200-2017 standards and conducted by an independent laboratory.
2.2. Ventilation and air conditioning
2.2.1 Natural ventilation
1) Area of vent holes and operable windows on walls and roofs is no less than 5% of the floor area of the space adjacent to the outdoor space.
2) Natural ventilation or mixed-mode ventilation (combining natural ventilation with mechanical ventilation) forparking spaces (garages) shall meet the requirements of QCXDVN 05:2008/BXD.
2.2.2 Mechanical ventilation
1) Mechanical ventilation systems shall meet the requirements for ventilation determined in QCXDVN05:2008/BXD.
2) Fans with motor of higher than 0.56 kW shall be equipped with automatic controls that are able to turn off the fan when not needed.
NOTES: With the exception of fans in continuous-operation HVAC systems.
2.2.3 Air-conditioning systems
1) Air conditioners and chillers shall ensure the minimum coefficients of performance (COP) in standard ratingconditions are not lower than the values provided in Table 2.3 and Table 2.4.
Table 2.3. Coefficient of performance (COP) for direct electric air conditioners
Type of equipment | Cooling output, kW | COPMin, kW/kW | Test procedures |
Unitary air-conditioner | - | 2.80(*) | TCVN 6576:2013 TCVN 7830:2015 TCVN 10273-1:2013 |
Split air-conditioner | < 4.5 | 3.10(*) |
³ 4.5 and < 7.0 | 3.00(*) |
³ 7.0 and < 12.0 | 2.80(*) |
Air conditioners,air cooled | ³14.0 and < 19 | 3.81 | TCVN 6307:1997 or ARI 210/240 |
³ 19 and < 40 | 3.28 | ARI 340/360 |
³ 40 and < 70 | 2.22 |
³ 70 and < 223 | 2.93 |
³ 223 | 2.84 |
Air conditioners,water cooled | < 19 | 3.54 | ARI 210/240 |
³ 19 and < 40 | 3.54 | ARI 340/360 |
³ 40 and < 70 | 3.66 |
³ 70 and < 223 | 3.63 |
³ 223 | 3.57 |
Air conditioners,evaporatively cooled | < 19 | 3.54 | ARI 210/240 |
³ 19 and < 40 | 3.54 | ARI 340/360 |
³ 40 and < 70 | 3.51 |
³ 70 and < 223 | 3.48 |
³ 223 | 3.43 |
Condensing units, aircooled | ³ 40 | 3.07 | ARI 365 |
Condensing units, water and evaporatively cooled | ³ 40 | 3.95 |
NOTES: Coefficient of performance (COP) = Cooling capacity / Power input (kW/kW);Condenser units include compressor and condenser coils; (*) Unitary air-conditioner or split air-conditioner: Energy efficiency of the equipment shall be determined byCooling Seasonal Performance Factor (CSPF) instead of COP. The procedure for testing and reviewing energy efficiency of the equipment shall be conducted as per TCVN 7830:2015, TCVN 6576:2013 and TCVN10273-1:2013 (ISO 5151:2000). |
Table 2.4. Coefficient of Performance for Chillers
Type of equipment | Cooling output (kW) | COPMin, kW/kW |
Air-cooled chillers,Attached or separated(3)condenser, electrically operated | All capacities | 2.80 |
Reciprocating water-cooled chillers, electrically operated | Follow the requirements for electric water- cooled rotary screw/scroll chiller |
Rotary screw/scroll water-cooled chillers, electrically operated | < 264 | 4.51 |
≥ 264 and < 528 | 4.53 |
≥ 528 and < 1055 | 5.17 |
≥ 1055 | 5.67 |
Centrifugal water-cooled chillers, electricallyoperated | < 528 | 5.55 |
≥ 528 and < 1055 | 5.55 |
≥ 1055 and < 2110 | 6.11 |
≥ 2110 | 6.17 |
Air-cooled absorption, single effect | All capacities | 0.60 (*) |
Water-cooled absorption, double effect(4) | All capacities | 0.70 (*) |
Absorption double effect, indirect fired | All capacities | 1.00 (*) |
Absorption double effect, direct fired | All capacities | 1.00 (*) |
NOTES: (*) For absorption chillers, COP = Cooling load / Heat input; Performance of absorption chillers shall be rated as per ARI Standard 560; Performanceof water-cooled packages shall be rated as per ARI Standard 550 / 590. |
2) Each of chillers, hot air systems, cooling tower fans and pumps with capacity equal to or greater than 5 HPs (3.7kW) must be equipped with an automatic control device to adjust capacity and flow rate according to cooling orheating load and water level.
3) For ventilation and air conditioning system with capacity equal to or greater than 5 HPs (3.7 kW), fan motors musthave a Fan Efficiency Grade (FEG) higher than 67 as rated under AMCA Standard 205.
NOTE: ISO 12759:2010 can also be applied.
4) Buildings with central air conditioning system must be equipped with enthalpy recovery system. Energy recoveryefficiency of the equipment shall be no smaller than 50%.
5) Insulation material and thickness of refrigerant conduits, cooled water conduits, air supply and air recovery ducts must be designed, installed and commissioned in accordance with a technical standard, which is selected for theentire building.
NOTE: The technical standard shall be selected by project owner. Applicable standards may include: TCVN 5687:2010, ASHRAE 90.1 and other equivalent standards.
6) Coefficient of Performance – COP (or Cooling Seasonal Performance Factor – CSPF) specified in Table 2.3 and Table 2.4, and Fan Efficiency Grade - FEG must be reviewed by an independent laboratory. Prior to theacquisition and installation of air-conditioning equipment, testing certificates of each technical criteria must beprovided by manufactures.
3 VGBC’s comment: Air-cooled chillers with separated condenser should be rated with matching condensers.
4 VGBC’s comment: It should be single-effect chiller according to ASHRAE 90.1-2013.
2.3. Lighting
2.3.1 Natural lighting
Workrooms, study rooms and reading rooms with daylit zones must be equipped with artificial lighting controlsystems.
NOTE: Lighting control requirements for daylit zones shall not be applied to hospitals and medical centers, apartments and other building types that have specialized lighting needs.
2.3.2 Artificial lighting
1) The minimum illuminance (lux) in dwelling and public buildings must comply with the requirements of theNational Technical Regulation QCVN 12:2014/BXD.
2) Lighting power density (LPD) of interior spaces shall not exceed the maximum allowed limits listed in Table 2.5.
Table 2.5. Lighting power density (LPD)
Type of building | LPD (W/m2) |
Offices | 11 |
Hotels | 11 |
Hospitals | 13 |
Medical and health care centers* | 11 |
Library* | 14 |
Convention centers* | 15 |
Schools | 12 |
Commercial and service buildings | 16 |
Apartments | 8 |
Storage* | 9 |
Indoor parking areas | 3 |
NOTES: - (*) Applicable to space types within buildings under the scope of this Regulation; - Lighting power density - LPD is calculated as the ratio of the designed total lighting output to totaloccupied area; - For mixed-use buildings with multiple functional areas: LPD shall be determined based on lightingoutput and occupied area of each function; - For areas or spaces that have specialized lighting needs such as educational or medical facilities: LPDshall be determined as per applied design standards; - For apartment buildings: Use lighting fixtures with energy labels specified by prevailing regulationsinstead of the requirements specified in this Table. |
3) Lighting control
a) Lighting control
- Design and install lighting shut-off controls to turn lighting devices off when not needed, independent controls should be provided for areas of no more than 2,500 m2 but not more than one floor(5);
5 VGBC’s comment: Based on ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007, the following details can be added: Design and install automaticlighting shut-off controls which can function on either:
- a scheduled basis using time-of-day operated control device that turns lighting off at specific programmed times.
An independent program schedule shall not cover an area of more than 2,500 m2 and shall not cover more than one floor;
- an occupant sensor that shall turn lighting off within 30 minutes of an occupant leaving a space;
- a signal from another control or alarm system that indicates the area is unoccupied.
- Each control device shall be designed and installed to cover a maximum occupied area of 250 m2 for a space area equal to or less than 1,000 m2; or to cover a maximum occupied area of 1,000 m2 for a space area greaterthan 1,000 m2.
- For areas within a distance of 6 meters to an exterior wall, which is designed with glazing with WWR ≥ 40%, lighting control devices must be installed to enable reducing lighting power.
NOTE: This requirement is not applicable to spaces with around-the-clock lighting requirement; as well as spaces with specialrequirement for safety and security.
b) Lighting control for indoor parking areas
- Automatic lighting shutoff (see above);
- Install lighting control devices to reduce lighting power of each light source by at least 30% when there is no activity within the artificially lit area;
NOTE: This requirement is not applicable to entrance areas adjacent to the outdoor space.
2.4. Other electrical equipment
1) Electric motors
a) All 3-phase (50 Hz) motors, regardless of being manufactured as an independent equipment or as a part of abuilding equipment, shall have a minimum full-load motor efficiency of no less than the values specified in Table 2.6.
b) The manufacturer’s label on motors’ housing must provide information of the minimum full-load efficiency.Motor efficiency shall be determined as per NEMA MG-1 standards.
NOTE: TCVN 7540-2:2013 or equivalent standards can be applied.
c) Upon installing, testing and commissioning of electric motors as per prevailing regulations, manufacturers’ published information of the minimum motor efficiency affixed on housing must be tested.
Table 2.6. Minimum full-load efficiency for electric motors
Motor output(kW) | Open Motors | Enclosed Motors |
2 pole | 4 pole | 6 pole | 2 pole | 4 pole | 6 pole |
Speed (rpm – rounds per minute) |
3600 | 1800 | 1200 | 3600 | 1800 | 1200 |
0.8 | 77.0 | 85.5 | 82.5 | 77.0 | 85.5 | 82.5 |
1.1 | 84.0 | 86.5 | 86.5 | 84.0 | 86.5 | 87.5 |
1.5 | 85.5 | 86.5 | 87.5 | 85.5 | 86.5 | 88.5 |
2.2 | 85.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 96.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 |
3.7 | 86.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 | 88.5 | 89.5 | 89.5 |
5.6 | 88.5 | 91.0 | 90.2 | 89.5 | 91.7 | 91.0 |
7.5 | 89.5 | 91.7 | 91.7 | 90.2 | 91.7 | 91.0 |
11.1 | 90.2 | 93.0 | 91.7 | 91.0 | 92.4 | 91.7 |
14.9 | 91.0 | 93.0 | 92.4 | 91.0 | 93.0 | 91.7 |
18.7 | 91.7 | 93.6 | 93.0 | 91.7 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
22.4 | 91.7 | 94.1 | 93.6 | 91.7 | 93.6 | 93.0 |
29.8 | 92.4 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 92.4 | 94.1 | 94.1 |
37.3 | 93.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 93.0 | 94.5 | 94.1 |
44.8 | 93.6 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 93.6 | 95.0 | 94.5 |
56.0 | 93.6 | 95.0 | 94.5 | 93.6 | 95.4 | 94.5 |
Motor output(kW) | Open Motors | Enclosed Motors |
2 pole | 4 pole | 6 pole | 2 pole | 4 pole | 6 pole |
Speed (rpm – rounds per minute) |
3600 | 1800 | 1200 | 3600 | 1800 | 1200 |
74.6 | 93.6 | 95.4 | 95.0 | 94.1 | 95.4 | 95.0 |
93.3 | 94.1 | 95.4 | 95.0 | 95.0 | 95.4 | 95.0 |
111.9 | 94.1 | 95.8 | 95.4 | 95.0 | 95.8 | 95.8 |
149.2 | 95.0 | 95.8 | 95.4 | 95.4 | 96.2 | 95.8 |
186.5 | 95.0 | 95.8 | 95.4 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 95.8 |
223.8 | 95.4 | 95.8 | 95.4 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 95.8 |
261.1 | 95.4 | 95.8 | 95.4 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 95.8 |
298.4 | 95.8 | 95.8 | 95.8 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 95.8 |
357.7 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 95.8 |
373.0 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 96.2 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 95.8 |
2) Water heating system
a) Water heating equipment efficiency
- All water heating equipment and boilers of the building shall maintain a minimum efficiency as specified inTable 2.7;
- All heat pump water heaters shall maintain a minimum COP as specified in Table 2.8;
- For solar water heating systems: Solar water heaters shall maintain a minimum efficiency of 60% and a minimum thermal resistance value R0 of 2.2 m2.K/W at the back of solar panels.
Table 2.7. Minimum efficiency of water heating equipment
Equipment type | Minimum efficiency ET, % |
Gas-fired storage water heaters | 78 |
Gas-fired instantaneous water heaters | 78 |
Gas-fired hot water supply boilers | 77 |
Fuel oil-fired hot water heaters and supply systems | 80 |
Duel fuel gas/oil-fired hot water supply boilers | 80 |
Firewood/paper-fired boiler with output of 10÷350 kW | 60 |
Brown coal-fired boilers with output of 10÷2000 kW | 70 |
Pitcoal-fired boilers with output of 10÷2000 kW | 73 |
Electric resistance water heaters | Emin = 5.9 + 5.3V0.5 (W) |
NOTES: - The minimum efficiency of gas/oil-fired water heaters is given in form of Thermal efficiency (ET),which includes thermal losses from the heater shells. - The minimum efficiency of electric resistance water heaters shall be determined according to themaximum Standby Loss (SL), where exists a difference of 40OC between stored water temperatureand ambient temperature. In the aforementioned equation, V is volume in liters; - Test procedure shall be conducted as per ANSI Z21.10.3 or equivalent standards. |
Table 2.8. Minimum COP of water heating heat pumps
Equipment type | COP, kW/kW |
Air-source heat pump water heaters | ≥ 3.0 |
Water-source heat pump water heaters | ≥ 3.5 |
Heat recovery air conditioners: - Hot water supply mode - Air conditioning and hot water supply mode | ≥ 3.0 ≥ 5.5 |
b) Prior to the installation of water heaters, equipment efficiency data provided by manufacturers must be reviewed.
c) Thermal insulation of hot water pipes shall be designed, installed and commissioned in accordance with a design standard, which is selected for the entire building.
d) Control of water heating systems
- Temperature control systems shall be installed to maintain water temperature at a maximum of 49°C when in use;
- Temperature control systems shall be installed to maintain tap water temperature at washbasins and bathtubs in public restrooms at a maximum of 43°C.
- Recirculating pumps used to maintain storage tank water temperature shall be controlled to operatecorrespondingly with the operation mode of hot water supply system.
e) For apartment buildings designed with centralized water heating systems, a renewable energy source (solar, wind, heat recovery, etc.) shall be used as a supplement to the main energy source for water heating systems.
3. REGULATION ON MANAGEMENT
3.1. Design documentation of new construction or retrofit of buildings within the scope of this Regulation shall include a narrative report demonstrating the compliance with the requirements of this Regulation.
3.2. The review and assessment process of building design, construction and commissioning shall be conducted inaccordance with the prevailing regulations, including QCVN 09:2017/BXD.
4. IMPLEMENTATION
4.1. The Science - Technology and Environment Department (Ministry of Construction) is responsible for providingimplementation guidelines of QCVN 09:2017/BXD to concerned parties.
4.2. Governmental authorities for construction are responsible for monitoring the compliance with QCVN09:2017/BXD of construction investment activities within their management duties according to the prevailingregulations.
4.3. For any problems that may arise during the adoption of this Regulation, the concerned parties shall contact the Science - Technology and Environment Department (Ministry of Construction) for guidance and support.
Annex 1: Overall thermal resistance value R0 of building envelope
1) Overall thermal resistance value R0 is given by the following equation:
n
where:
1
R0 =
hN
+ ∑ b𝑖 + R + 1
l𝑖 a hT
1
; (m2. K/W)
hN, hT respectively, heat transfer coefficients of outer and inner surfaces of building enclosure (see Annex 3), W/m2.K;
bi thickness of material layer (i), m;
li thermal conductivity of material layer (i) of the building enclosure, W/m.K; N number of material layers of the building enclosure;
Ra thermal resistance of the air layer inside the building enclosure, if any, m2.K/W.
2) Physical properties of building materials (Annexes 2, 3 and 4)
Annex 2: Thermal conductivity of building materials (for reference)
Name of Material | Unit weight, kg/m3 | Thermalconductivity l, W/(m.K) |
1. Concrete |
Cement wire mesh roof tile | 2500 | 2.04 |
Reinforced concrete | 2400 | 1.55 |
Heavy-weight concrete | 2200 | 1.20 |
Light-weight concrete (cinderconcrete) | 1500 | 0.70 |
1200 | 0.52 |
1000 | 0.41 |
Autoclaved foam concrete | 1000 | 0.40 |
800 | 0.29 |
600 | 0.21 |
400 | 0.15 |
Autoclaved foam silicate concrete | 800 | 0.29 |
600 | 0.21 |
400 | 0.15 |
2. Gypsum |
Gypsum drywall board | 1000 | 0.23 |
Gypsum-slag concrete | 1000 | 0.37 |
3. Baked materials and mortars |
Baked clay brick | 2000 | 0.93 |
Baked clay brick | 1600 | 0.70 |
Baked clay brick, bonded with heavy-weight mortar | 1800 | 0.81 |
Baked clay brick, bonded with light-weight mortar | 1700 | 0.76 |
Name of Material | Unit weight, kg/m3 | Thermalconductivity l, W/(m.K) |
Hollow brick (1300 kg/m3), bonded with light-weight mortar (1400 kg/m3) | 1350 | 0.58 |
Multi-hole brick, bonded with heavy-weight mortar | 1300 | 0.52 |
Cement mortar | 1800 | 0.93 |
Three-component mortar | 1700 | 0.87 |
Lime mortar | 1600 | 0.81 |
4. Non-fired bricks and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) blocks |
Cinder block | 1400 | 0.58 |
Silicate bricks, bonded with heavy-weight mortar | 1900 | 0.87 |
Autoclaved aerated non-fired brick | 400 – 900 | 0.12 – 0.13 |
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) | 400 – 800 | 0.153 |
5. Glass materials |
Glass (wall, window) | 2500 | 0.78 |
Fiberglass | 200 | 0.06 |
6. Wood materials |
Pine and cedar (across the grain) | 550 | 0.15 |
Pine and cedar (along the grain) | 550 | 0.17 |
Plywood board | 600 | 0.17 |
Fiberboard | 600 | 0.16 |
250 | 0.08 |
150 | 0.06 |
Corkwood | 250 | 0.07 |
7. Metals |
Steel, sheet metal | 7850 | 58 |
Aluminum | 2600 | 220 |
NOTES: - Thermal conductivity: 1 W/(m.K) = 0.86 kcal/m.h.0C;
- Thermal conductivity value of material can be taken from experimental results or ISO10456:2007 technical standards.
|
Annex 3: Surface heat transfer coefficient of building enclosure (for reference)
Quantity | Direction of heat flow |
Horizontal (for walls) | Upwards (for roofs) | Downwards (for roofs) |
External surface heat transfercoefficient hN, W/(m2.K) | 25 | 25 | 25 |
Internal surface heat transfercoefficient hT, W/(m2.K) | 7.692 | 10 | 5.882 |
NOTE: Refer to ISO Standard 6946:2007. |
Annex 4(6): Thermal resistance of unventilated air layer Ra (m2.K/W) (for reference)
Thicknessof air layer,mm | Direction of heat flow |
Horizontal (for vertical air layer) | Upwards (for horizontal air layer) | Downwards (for horizontal air layer) |
0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
5 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
7 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.13 |
10 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
15 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.17 |
25 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.19 |
50 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.21 |
100 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.22 |
300 | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.23 |
NOTE: Refer to ISO Standard 6946:2007. |
Annex 5: Solar heat gain coefficient α of material surface (for reference)
No. | Surface, Material and Color | α coefficient |
A. Wall surface |
1 | Polished white limestone | 0.35 |
2 | Polished dark limestone | 0.50 |
3 | Polished white marble | 0.30 |
4 | Polished dark marble | 0.65 |
5 | Polished light grey granite | 0.55 |
6 | polished grey granite | 0.60 |
7 | White glazed-brick | 0.26 |
8 | bright brown glazed-brick | 0.55 |
9 | Dusted common brick | 0.77 |
10 | New-red common brick | 0.7 – 0.74 |
11 | Bright surface tile | 0.45 |
12 | Smooth, even concrete surface | 0.54 – 0.65 |
13 | Yellow-white painted mortar surface | 0.42 |
14 | Dark painted mortar surface | 0.73 |
15 | White painted mortar surface | 0.40 |
16 | Light blue painted mortar surface | 0.59 |
17 | Grey cement painted mortar surface | 0.47 |
18 | White cement painted mortar surface | 0.32 |
19 | Plain wood | 0.59 |
20 | Dark painted wood | 0.77 |
21 | Light yellow painted wood | 0.60 |
6 VGBC’s comment:
The values in this table apply when the emissivities of the surfaces bounding the air layer are higher than 0.8. In otherconfigurations, thermal resistance of unventilated air layer should be calculated following ISO 6946.
B. Roof surface |
22 | New white fibro-cement board | 0.42 |
23 | white fibro-cement board, 6-month used | 0.61 |
24 | white fibro-cement board, 12-month used | 0.71 |
25 | White corrugated sheet | 0.26 |
26 | Black corrugated sheet | 0.86 |
27 | Red or brown roof tile | 0.65 – 0.72 |
28 | Grey cement roof tile | 0.65 |
29 | New galvanized steel sheet | 0.30 |
30 | Dusted galvanized steel sheet | 0.90 |
31 | Unpolished aluminum | 0.52 |
32 | Unpolished aluminum | 0.26 |
C. Painted surface |
33 | Pink paint | 0.52 |
34 | Blue paint | 0.64 |
35 | Bright-blue cobalt paint | 0.58 |
36 | Purple cobalt paint | 0.83 |
37 | Yellow paint | 0.44 |
38 | Red paint | 0.63 |
D. Transparent materials |
39 | 7 mm-thick glass | 0.076 |
40 | 4.5 mm-thick glass | 0.04 |
41 | 6 mm-thick glass with heat absorbing surface | 0.306 |
42 | 0.1 mm-thick polyclovinil screen | 0.096 |
43 | 0.08 mm-thick AFF polyamide screen | 0.164 |
44 | 0.085 mm-thick AFF polyethylene screen | 0.109 |
Annex 6: Total thermal resistance R0 of common walls and roofs (for reference)
No. | Material layer | Thickness, m | Thermal conductivitycoefficient l, W/(m.K) | Ro, m2.K/W |
A. Solid baked clay brick wall (standard thickness: 110/220 mm) |
1 | Exterior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 | 0.48/0.62 |
2 | Solid baked clay brick1 | 0.105/0.220 | 0.81 |
3 | Interior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 |
B. Hollow baked clay brick wall (standard thickness: 110/220 mm) |
1 | Exterior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 | 0.55/0.77 |
2 | Hollow baked clay brick | 0.105/0.220 | 0.52 |
3 | Interior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 |
No. | Material layer | Thickness, m | Thermal conductivity coefficient l, W/(m.K) | Ro, m2.K/W |
C. Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) wall (standard thickness: 100/200 mm) |
1 | Exterior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 | 1.00/1.65 |
2 | AAC block (γ = 600 kg/m3)3 | 0.100/0.200 | 0.153 |
3 | Interior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 |
D. Concrete brick wall (standard thickness: 110/220 mm) |
1 | Exterior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 | 0.50/0.66 |
2 | Concrete brick (cinder)4 | 0.105/0.220 | 0.70 |
3 | Interior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 |
E. Non-autoclaved aerated foam concrete brick wall (standard thickness: 110/220 mm) |
1 | Exterior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 | 0.63/0.94 |
2 | Aerated foam concrete brick5 | 0.105/0.220 | 0.37 |
3 | Interior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 |
F. Silicate brick wall (standard thickness: 110/220 mm) |
1 | Exterior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 | 0.47/0.60 |
2 | Silicate brick | 0.105/0.220 | 0.87 |
3 | Interior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 |
G. 3D construction panel6 (thickness: 160/180 mm) |
1 | Exterior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 | 1.04/1.54 |
2 | 3D wire steel mesh panel | 0.05 | 0.93 |
3 | Expanded Polystyrene System (EPS) | 0.03/0.05 | 0.04 |
4 | 3D wire steel mesh panel | 0.05 | 0.93 |
5 | Interior cement plaster | 0.015 | 0.93 |
H. Roof with heat insulation layers: Refer to TCVN 9258:2012. |
NOTES: 1 TCVN 1451:1998 Solid clay bricks 2 TCVN 1450:2009 Hollow clay bricks 3 TCVN 7959:2011 Lightweight concrete - Autoclaved aerated concrete bricks (AAC) 4 TCVN 6477:2011 Concrete brick 5 TCVN 9029:2011 Lightweight concrete - Non-autoclaved aerated, foam concrete bricks - Specifications 6 TCVN 7575:2007 3D construction panels |
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