The policy establishes frameworks for the regulation of natural monopolies in the Republic of Kazakhstan and aims – through restraining monopolistic activities and balancing the interests of all market actors – to ensure sustainability and competitiveness of the national economy. The policy concentrates on the following areas: 1) transportation of oil and oil derivatives via trunk pipelines, 2) storage and transportation of gas via trunk or distribution pipelines, operation of natural gas pipelines, 3) power transmission, distribution and dispatch, 4) heat generation, transmission and distribution, 5) railway system and railway services under concession agreements, 6) telecommunication services, 7) water and sewage sectors. Among issues specifically addressed by the Law is the need to ensure the balance of production and consumption in power / heat generation. Dimensions of regulation include: tariff setting, standardization / technical regulation, and investment incentives. The policy seeks to pursue market decentralization through a variety of instruments. --- The Law aims to put in place appropriate financial incentives for improving current market environment. The focus is made on measures to support greater presence of financial investors in natural monopoly markets. Considerable attention in this respect is given to the legal procedure for launching investment programs in natural monopoly industries.