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SOLOMON ISLANDS NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY AND STRATEGIC PLAN
Volume 2
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION: A STRATEGY AND
INVESTMENT PLAN
(2014–2019)
Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
PART 1: INTRODUCTION 4
PART 2: REVIEW OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION INITIATIVES 7
2.1 Review of the 2007 energy efficiency and conservation action plan 7
2.2 Pacific Appliance Labelling and Standards programme 8
2.3 Solomon Islands Electricity Authority Energy efficiency initiatives 8
PART 3: ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CONSERVATION STRATEGIES AND ACTIONS 10
3.1 The electricity sector 10
3.2 Government to lead by example 10
3.3 Residential sector 10
3.4 Commercial and business sectors 11
3.5 Appliances and equipment 11
3.6 Transport 12
3.7 Summary of strategies and actions 13
3.8 Energy efficiency targets 20
3.9 Investment costs to meeting the targets 24
4.0. Energy efficiency policies, strategies and outcomes 29
PART 4: ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENT PLAN 31
4.1 Summary of investments required 31
ANNEX 1: SPC Energy consumption calculation sheet 39
ANNEX 2: Electricity wattage for home appliances 40
Foreword
I am pleased to present to you Solomon Islands National Energy Policy and Strategic Plan – Volume 2: Energy efficiency and energy conservation: a strategy and investment plan (EE-EC-SIP), which presents the priorities of the government and the strategic
directions for the energy efficiency and conservation sub-sector over the next five years. This volume is aligned to the 2014 National Energy Policy vision and goals.
Energy efficiency and conservation is a key enabler to reducing electricity bills and ultimately our reliance on imported fossil fuels through changing the ways we use electricity at home, in offices, in industries and in public places. Thus it is important to mainstream energy efficiency and conservation measures in every aspect of our lives – at home, at school and in the work place.
EE-EC-SIP provides tactics and planned activities to reduce electricity demands in residential, government, industrial and commercial buildings, with a focus on lighting, refrigeration and air conditioning units, the major energy consumers. These activities will pursue the overall national energy policy goal on energy efficiency and improving energy conservation in all sectors by 2019.
The 2009 Solomon Islands Energy Security Indicator profile shows that the productivity indicator is only 45.6% which is quite low compared to other Pacific Island countries, an indication that there is a need for improvement in the way we use imported fossil fuel for electricity generation, and for commercial and industrial uses. Our own electricity provider, SIEA, is encouraged to promote efficiency in all its power generators so it can also provide more affordable electricity. As energy consumers, we also need to do our part by reducing our demand for electricity. We need to understand and examine our electricity bill, identify the energy consuming devices at home and in our offices, and work out the number of hours we use these appliances within a 24-hour period.
It is very important and timely that this strategy has integrated the appliance and labelling programme that will assist the government in regulating the importation of inefficient appliances for lighting, refrigeration and air conditioning. The programme will also create the needed awareness on energy efficient labelling and overall conservation measures. By regulating the number of inefficient appliances, we can also reduce our electricity demand, consumption and wastage.
EC-EC-SIP is a document that is historical to the government in that it provides specific targets and energy savings to be achieved within five years of implementation. It therefore needs commitments and monitoring by the various stakeholders.
The EE-EC-SIP was developed in close consultation with energy service providers, representatives of government and communities, the private sector, and development partners. The strategy also includes capacity development and technical assistance, and it is anticipated that, through the implementation of this strategy, more energy efficiency service companies will be created to provide energy auditing services to the government, to businesses and to industry.
In conclusion, I wish to thank all national stakeholders and development partners for their contributions to the second volume of the Solomon Islands National Energy Policy and Strategic Plan. Its implementation requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders and I strongly encourage you to continue to support and contribute to the implementation of the strategies and activities identified in this document. This will help improve the lives of all Solomon Islanders.
Hon. Moses Garu
Minister for Mines, Energy and Rural Electrification
Preface and acknowledgment
he Energy Programme of the Economic Development Division is acknowledged for the technical support provided to the Energy Division in the formulation of this strategy and investment plan. In addition, appreciation is accorded to the local stakeholders, government
ministries, private sectors, non-government organisations who have participated at both the national consultations and those who have provided direct inputs to this strategy.
The formulation of this strategy was done as part of the review and development of the 2014 SINEP and formulation of energy sub sectors strategies and investment plan including the petroleum and renewable energy. The Ministry of Energy, Mines and Rural Electrification has been instrumental in directing the development of SINEP and strategy and investment plans as it sees a need for a more cohesive approach to its planning and that all its efforts are aligned to the National Development Strategy key focus areas. A five years approach to budget allocations by Parliament has also been adopted by the Solomon Islands Government in 2014 and this provides a clear direction in financial resources that are available against implementation of sectoral policies and strategies. Thus the EE-EC-SIP is a five year plan and is intended as a guiding document to the Solomon Islands government and development partners.
The first consultation on the review and the formulation of the EE-EC-SIP was conducted in November 2012. The final draft was presented at the National Energy Forum held in Honiara in June 2013. The draft EE-EC-SIP was circulated for comments by various stakeholders in November 2013.
This EE–EC-SIP is presented as Volume 2 of the Solomon Islands National Energy Policy and Strategic Plan which contains 4 Volumes; Volume I covers the overarching policy and how its aligns to the National Development Strategy, Volume II contains the Energy efficiency and conservation sub sector strategies, actions and investment plan, Volume III contains petroleum sub sector strategies, actions and investment plans, while Volume IV contains renewable energy strategies, action and investment plan. Volume V contains the administration and planning sub sector strategies and action plans which will be used as a 5 year work plan for the Energy Division. A report titled 'Solomon Islands Energy Sector Review' provides a review of the 2007 SINEP and its 2009 National Action Plan as well baseline information and data on the different energy sub sectors.
Executive Summary
Energy efficiency and energy conservation: a strategy and investment plan (EE-ECSIP) provides a way forward for strengthening the energy efficiency sub-sector in the next five years (2014–2019). The strategy reflects the overall strategic vision of the Government of Solomon Islands as set out in the National Development Strategy 2011–2020 (NDS), and will contribute to make progress towards its objectives. The goal of the EE-EC-SIP is to greatly increase awareness and uptake of energy efficiency practices. This will reduce the amount of fuel imports needed and, consequently, the fuel and electricity bills of consumers.
The proposed Energy Advisory Committee will provide leadership, and drive the implementation of the EE-EC-SIP, liaising between ministries and agencies, and assisting in the implementation of the wider energy programme and projects across the energy sector. The Energy Division (ED) will coordinate the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the EE-EC-SIP.
Baseline and targets
Baseline data and information and targets relevant are compiled from the EE indicator of the regional framework for action on energy security, also the supply side management, demand side management and energy efficiency labelling for electric appliance.
Baseline and targets
2009
2012
2019
Framework for Action on Energy Security in the Pacific (FAESP) indicators
➢ Energy intensity1 (MJ/SBD)
8.1
<8.1
SIEA power system annual losses are reduced to acceptable level
➢ Station or generation losses
2.89%
<2.89%
➢ Technical losses
5.85%
<4.0%
➢ Non- technical losses
17.05%
<4.0%
Electricity consumption is reduced by 9.2MWh or 10.7% from demand side management
2012
2019
kWh
kWh (saved)
Overall
contribution (%)
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in domestic services by 10% from 2012
13,141,960
1,775,483
2.1
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in government services by 20% from 2012 level
7,214,272
1,949,300
2.3
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in commercial services by 5% from 2012
36,866,547
2,490,340
2.9
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in industrial services by 5% from 2012
5,898,450
398,441
0.5
➢ Reduce electricity consumption through other initiatives by 5% from 2012
751,964
50,795
0.1
Electricity savings through the Pacific Appliance and Labelling Standards programme
➢ Annual electricity savings (kWh) from labelling and standards
2,561,642
3.0
1 Energy intensity tracks the amount of energy used to produce1USD of GDP. The lower the EI, the more energy efficient the economy.
Policies for energy efficiency and outcomes for the five years 2014–2019
Policy 1: Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures in the electricity sector
O1.1: Improve diesel power generation efficiency by at least 4 kWh/l from 2009 level
Policy 2: Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures at the government, residential, commercial and businesses sectors
O2.1: Reduce electricity consumption in government services by 20% in 2019, while increasing efficiency of service delivery by 2019
O2.2: Reduce electricity consumption in residential services by 10% in 2019 O2.3 Reduce electricity consumption in commercial services by 5% in 2019 O2.4 Reduce electricity consumption in industrial services by 5% in 2019
O2.5: Build a sufficient body of expertise within government in order to develop national energy efficiency targets by 2019 O2.6 Increase nationwide levels of awareness leading to strong demand for energy efficiency products and services
O2.7 Include course materials on energy efficiency and conservation at all levels of the education systems from primary to secondary schools by 2019
Policy 3: Encourage energy efficiency in appliances, equipment and technologies
O3.1: By 2019, realise electricity savings of 2.56 GWh from mandatory implementation of minimum energy performance standards and energy labelling for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioning units
O3.2: By 2019, fully realise incentives for the purchase and use of efficient vehicles and cooking technologies
Priority actions for energy efficiency
POWER UTILITIES
Increase power generation efficiency and reduce losses Carry out supply-side management activities, including
auditing of SIEA power station and installation of cooling systems and new generators
GOVERNMENT-LED INITIATIVES
Extensive data collection and collation
Energy audits of government-owned buildings Government energy awareness programmes
Lighting improvements
Mentoring and strengthening capacity of government officials on EE-EC-SIP and its implementation
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INITIATIVES
Energy auditing, cooling load improvements – Building
insulation and AC unit retrofits, Monitoring and conservation efforts, EE improvements – equipment retrofits and lighting
improvements and capacity development
PUBLIC AWARENESS
Energy awareness programmes in Honiara and provincial centres
Tax incentives on the use of energy efficient lights
Household energy efficient retrofit loan systems established Household electricity bill rebate initiative
APPLIANCE AND LABELLING PROGRAMMES, EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES
Energy labelling and standards for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioners;
Tax incentives on the use of energy efficient vehicles, including LPG vehicles and cooking technologies
Investment
The total investment to implement the priority area strategies (excluding the power utilities) over five years is estimated at SBD 49,733,141 equivalent to USD 6.75 million (exchange rate: 0.1264). Solomon Islands government seeks funding and long-term commitment by donors for the investment plan.
Part 1: Introduction
This EE-EC-SIP provides a five-year plan that details requirements of government, power utilities, the commercial sector, industries, development partners, donors, and the private sector to implement the energy efficiency and energy conservation policy component of the National Energy Policy (Volume 1: National Energy Policy 2014–2024). The EE-EC-SIP is also developed in line with the Solomon Island government focus a reas and objectives as outlined in the National Development Strategy 2011–2020.
There have been limited efforts in past years to improve energy efficiency (EE) and energy conservation (EC) activities at the national and local level, and it is anticipated that, with the development of this EE-EC-SIP, government and the development partners will support its implementation so that a visible improvement in energy efficiency can be realised over the next five years.
EE-EC-SIP was prepared using a consultative approach, the stakeholders contributing to defining the strategies and actions that are needed to achieve the energy efficiency and policy outcomes. Data collected during the formulation of this strategy were also used to develop the EE-EC targets and investment plans.
This is the first attempt to put together a strategy on EE and EC that covers both the supply side management and the demand side management. The activities under the supply side management were sourced from the Solomon Islands Electricity Authority (SIEA) Development Strategic Plan 2014–2016, which also provides more detailed strategies related to its overall transformation into a more efficient electricity provider.
This EE-EC-SIP does not have a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plan, as this need to be developed through a more consultative process, involving the private sector, and the commercial and industrial sectors. A national workshop is included as part of this strategy to bring together these stakeholders and to also develop an M&E plan on the priority actions already identified.
The National Energy Policy 2014–2024 and the Review of the Solomon Islands Energy Sector Report are to be referred to for in-depth information relating to this strategy.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION:
A STRATEGY AND INVESTMENT PLAN
(2014–2019)
I am pleased to present to you Solomon Islands National Energy Policy and Strategic Plan – Volume 2: Energy efficiency and energy conservation: a strategy and investment plan (EE-EC-SIP), which presents the priorities of the government and the strategic
directions for the energy efficiency and conservation sub-sector over the next five years. This volume is aligned to the 2014 National Energy Policy vision and goals.
Energy efficiency and conservation is a key enabler to reducing electricity bills and ultimately our reliance on imported fossil fuels through changing the ways we use electricity at home, in offices, in industries and in public places. Thus it is important to mainstream energy efficiency and conservation measures in every aspect of our lives – at home, at school and in the work place.
EE-EC-SIP provides tactics and planned activities to reduce electricity demands in residential, government, industrial and commercial buildings, with a focus on lighting, refrigeration and air conditioning units, the major energy consumers. These activities will pursue the overall national energy policy goal on energy efficiency and improving energy conservation in all sectors by 2019.
The 2009 Solomon Islands Energy Security Indicator profile shows that the productivity indicator is only 45.6% which is quite low compared to other Pacific Island countries, an indication that there is a need for improvement in the way we use imported fossil fuel for electricity generation, and for commercial and industrial uses. Our own electricity provider, SIEA, is encouraged to promote efficiency in all its power generators so it can also provide more affordable electricity. As energy consumers, we also need to do our part by reducing our demand for electricity. We need to understand and examine our electricity bill, identify the energy consuming devices at home and in our offices, and work out the number of hours we use these appliances within a 24-hour period.
It is very important and timely that this strategy has integrated the appliance and labelling programme that will assist the government in regulating the importation of inefficient appliances for lighting, refrigeration and air conditioning. The programme will also create the needed awareness on energy efficient labelling and overall conservation measures. By regulating the number of inefficient appliances, we can also reduce our electricity demand, consumption and wastage.
EC-EC-SIP is a document that is historical to the government in that it provides specific targets and energy savings to be achieved within five years of implementation. It therefore needs commitments and monitoring by the various stakeholders.
The EE-EC-SIP was developed in close consultation with energy service providers, representatives of government and communities, the private sector, and development partners. The strategy also includes capacity development and technical assistance, and it is anticipated that, through the implementation of this strategy, more energy efficiency service companies will be created to provide energy auditing services to the government, to businesses and to industry.
In conclusion, I wish to thank all national stakeholders and development partners for their contributions to the second volume of the Solomon Islands National Energy Policy and Strategic Plan. Its implementation requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders and I strongly encourage you to continue to support and contribute to the implementation of the strategies and activities identified in this document. This will help improve the lives of all Solomon Islanders.
Hon. Moses Garu
Minister for Mines, Energy and Rural Electrification
Preface and acknowledgment
The Energy Programme of the Economic Development Division is acknowledged for the technical support provided to the Energy Division in the formulation of this strategy and investment plan. In addition, appreciation is accorded to the local stakeholders, government
ministries, private sectors, non-government organisations who have participated at both the national consultations and those who have provided direct inputs to this strategy.
The formulation of this strategy was done as part of the review and development of the 2014 SINEP and formulation of energy sub sectors strategies and investment plan including the petroleum and renewable energy. The Ministry of Energy, Mines and Rural Electrification has been instrumental in directing the development of SINEP and strategy and investment plans as it sees a need for a more cohesive approach to its planning and that all its efforts are aligned to the National Development Strategy key focus areas. A five years approach to budget allocations by Parliament has also been adopted by the Solomon Islands Government in 2014 and this provides a clear direction in financial resources that are available against implementation of sectoral policies and strategies. Thus the EE-EC-SIP is a five year plan and is intended as a guiding document to the Solomon Islands government and development partners.
The first consultation on the review and the formulation of the EE-EC-SIP was conducted in November 2012. The final draft was presented at the National Energy Forum held in Honiara in June 2013. The draft EE-EC-SIP was circulated for comments by various stakeholders in November 2013.
This EE–EC-SIP is presented as Volume 2 of the Solomon Islands National Energy Policy and Strategic Plan which contains 4 Volumes; Volume I covers the overarching policy and how its aligns to the National Development Strategy, Volume II contains the Energy efficiency and conservation sub sector strategies, actions and investment plan, Volume III contains petroleum sub sector strategies, actions and investment plans, while Volume IV contains renewable energy strategies, action and investment plan. Volume V contains the administration and planning sub sector strategies and action plans which will be used as a 5 year work plan for the Energy Division. A report titled 'Solomon Islands Energy Sector Review' provides a review of the 2007 SINEP and its 2009 National Action Plan as well baseline information and data on the different energy sub sectors.
Executive Summary
Energy efficiency and energy conservation: a strategy and investment plan (EE-ECSIP) provides a way forward for strengthening the energy efficiency sub-sector in the next five years (2014–2019). The strategy reflects the overall strategic vision of the Government of Solomon Islands as set out in the National Development Strategy 2011–2020 (NDS), and will contribute to make progress towards its objectives. The goal of the EE-EC-SIP is to greatly increase awareness and uptake of energy efficiency practices. This will reduce the amount of fuel imports needed and, consequently, the fuel and electricity bills of consumers.
The proposed Energy Advisory Committee will provide leadership, and drive the implementation of the EE-EC-SIP, liaising between ministries and agencies, and assisting in the implementation of the wider energy programme and projects across the energy sector. The Energy Division (ED) will coordinate the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the EE-EC-SIP.
Baseline and targets
Baseline data and information and targets relevant are compiled from the EE indicator of the regional framework for action on energy security, also the supply side management, demand side management and energy efficiency labelling for electric appliance.
| Baseline and targets |
2009 | 2012 | 2019 |
Framework for Action on Energy Security in the Pacific (FAESP) indicators |
➢ Energy intensity1 (MJ/SBD) | 8.1 | | <8.1 |
SIEA power system annual losses are reduced to acceptable level |
➢ Station or generation losses | | 2.89% | <2.89% |
➢ Technical losses | | 5.85% | <4.0% |
➢ Non- technical losses | | 17.05% | <4.0% |
Electricity consumption is reduced by 9.2MWh or 10.7% from demand side management |
| 2012 | 2019 | |
kWh | kWh (saved) | Overall contribution (%) |
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in domestic services by 10% from 2012 | 13,141,960 | 1,775,483 | 2.1 |
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in government services by 20% from 2012 level | 7,214,272 | 1,949,300 | 2.3 |
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in commercial services by 5% from 2012 | 36,866,547 | 2,490,340 | 2.9 |
➢ Reduce electricity consumption in industrial services by 5% from 2012 | 5,898,450 | 398,441 | 0.5 |
➢ Reduce electricity consumption through other initiatives by 5% from 2012 | 751,964 | 50,795 | 0.1 |
Electricity savings through the Pacific Appliance and Labelling Standards programme |
➢ Annual electricity savings (kWh) from labelling and standards | | 2,561,642 | 3.0 |
1 Energy intensity tracks the amount of energy used to produce1USD of GDP. The lower the EI, the more energy efficient the economy.
Policies for energy efficiency and outcomes for the five years 2014–2019
Policy 1: Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures in the electricity sector
O1.1: Improve diesel power generation efficiency by at least 4 kWh/l from 2009 level
Policy 2: Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures at the government, residential, commercial and businesses sectors
O2.1: Reduce electricity consumption in government services by 20% in 2019, while increasing efficiency of service delivery by 2019
O2.2: Reduce electricity consumption in residential services by 10% in 2019 O2.3 Reduce electricity consumption in commercial services by 5% in 2019 O2.4 Reduce electricity consumption in industrial services by 5% in 2019
O2.5: Build a sufficient body of expertise within government in order to develop national energy efficiency targets by 2019 O2.6 Increase nationwide levels of awareness leading to strong demand for energy efficiency products and services
O2.7 Include course materials on energy efficiency and conservation at all levels of the education systems from primary to secondary schools by 2019
Policy 3: Encourage energy efficiency in appliances, equipment and technologies
O3.1: By 2019, realise electricity savings of 2.56 GWh from mandatory implementation of minimum energy performance standards and energy labelling for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioning units
O3.2: By 2019, fully realise incentives for the purchase and use of efficient vehicles and cooking technologies
Priority actions for energy efficiency
POWER UTILITIES | Increase power generation efficiency and reduce losses Carry out supply-side management activities, including auditing of SIEA power station and installation of cooling systems and new generators |
GOVERNMENT-LED INITIATIVES | Extensive data collection and collation Energy audits of government-owned buildings Government energy awareness programmes Lighting improvements Mentoring and strengthening capacity of government officials on EE-EC-SIP and its implementation |
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INITIATIVES | Energy auditing, cooling load improvements – Building insulation and AC unit retrofits, Monitoring and conservation efforts, EE improvements – equipment retrofits and lighting improvements and capacity development |
PUBLIC AWARENESS | Energy awareness programmes in Honiara and provincial centres Tax incentives on the use of energy efficient lights Household energy efficient retrofit loan systems established Household electricity bill rebate initiative |
APPLIANCE AND LABELLING PROGRAMMES, EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES | Energy labelling and standards for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioners; Tax incentives on the use of energy efficient vehicles, including LPG vehicles and cooking technologies |
Investment
The total investment to implement the priority area strategies (excluding the power utilities) over five years is estimated at SBD 49,733,141 equivalent to USD 6.75 million (exchange rate: 0.1264). Solomon Islands government seeks funding and long-term commitment by donors for the investment plan.
Part 1: Introduction
This EE-EC-SIP provides a five-year plan that details requirements of government, power utilities, the commercial sector, industries, development partners, donors, and the private sector to implement the energy efficiency and energy conservation policy component of the National Energy Policy (Volume 1: National Energy Policy 2014–2024). The EE-EC-SIP is also developed in line with the Solomon Island government focus a reas and objectives as outlined in the National Development Strategy 2011–2020.
There have been limited efforts in past years to improve energy efficiency (EE) and energy conservation (EC) activities at the national and local level, and it is anticipated that, with the development of this EE-EC-SIP, government and the development partners will support its implementation so that a visible improvement in energy efficiency can be realised over the next five years.
EE-EC-SIP was prepared using a consultative approach, the stakeholders contributing to defining the strategies and actions that are needed to achieve the energy efficiency and policy outcomes. Data collected during the formulation of this strategy were also used to develop the EE-EC targets and investment plans.
This is the first attempt to put together a strategy on EE and EC that covers both the supply side management and the demand side management. The activities under the supply side management were sourced from the Solomon Islands Electricity Authority (SIEA) Development Strategic Plan 2014–2016, which also provides more detailed strategies related to its overall transformation into a more efficient electricity provider.
This EE-EC-SIP does not have a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) plan, as this need to be developed through a more consultative process, involving the private sector, and the commercial and industrial sectors. A national workshop is included as part of this strategy to bring together these stakeholders and to also develop an M&E plan on the priority actions already identified.
The National Energy Policy 2014–2024 and the Review of the Solomon Islands Energy Sector Report are to be referred to for in-depth information relating to this strategy.
Part 2: Review Of Energy Efficiency And Conservation Initiatives
2.1 Review of the 2007 energy efficiency and conservation action plan
The 2007 Solomon Island National Energy Plan (SINEP) with its two-year Strategic Action Plan (2007–2009) was reviewed as part of developing this strategy and the 2014 SINEP. The 2007 SINEP section on energy efficiency and energy conservation has one policy statement, two strategies and one activity under each strategy. Table 1 provides an assessment of the 2007–2009 energy efficiency and conservation strategies and activities.
Table 1: Summary of status of implementation of energy efficiency and conservation policy
Reference | Policies, strategies, actions | Fulfilled | Details | Ranking of progress | Relevant to the future? |
Policy statement |
1 | Ensure that energy conservation and efficiency measures are promoted in all aspects of energy production and use. | Partly | The policy is not fulfilled due to lack of implementation between 2007 and 2009. However, some awareness programmes were carried out by MMERE and SIEA in 2011. SIEA continues with its own EE activities. | Unsatisfactory | Yes |
Strategies and activities |
1.1 | Promote the use of appliance labelling and EE ratings. | No | Not implemented during the plan time frame. Since 2012, Solomon Islands has been assisted by SPC to develop legislation on energy efficient appliances and energy labels. | Unsatisfactory | Yes |
1.1.1 | Develop minimum energy performance standards for refrigerators and freezers | No | No minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) were developed for refrigerators and freezers during the plan time frame. Solomon Islands has shown an interest in the PALS programme, cabinet has given approval. | Unsatisfactory | Yes |
1.2 | Promote appropriate energy efficient equipment and technology | Partly | Some equipment, such as led lights, energy efficient lights and energy star-rated refrigerators and air-cons, are available in the market, but there is no legislation on this. | Unsatisfactory | Yes |
1.2.1 | Develop, implement and enforce national efficiency and safety standards for energy technologies, equipment and appliances. | No | No standards were developed or adopted | Unsatisfactory | Yes |
| Policy | Strategies | Action | Total |
Fulfilled | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Partly fulfilled | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Not fulfilled | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
The assessment indicated that there were no profound efforts to implement EE and EC programmes in Solomon Islands. Past EE efforts included the installation of timer switches on air conditioning units at MMERE in 1997, awareness through television on EC measures to reduce electricity bills, and the energy audit of Rove Prison complex in 2010. In 2011 radio awareness progra mmes on simple housekeeping and safety measures were conducted by MMERE and SIEA. Most of the activities under the 2007 action plan are relevant and therefore are again considered as part of this strategy.
2.2 Pacific Appliance Labelling and Standards programme
The Pacific Appliance Labelling and Standards (PALS) programme is a recent (2012) programme implemented by SPC in which Solomon Islands is participating. The programme aims to prohibit the entry of inefficient electrical appliances to PICTs through the adoption of legally enforceable minimum energy performance standards and energy labelling. The energy label helps buyers choose the more efficient of the products that meet the minimum standards. Appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, air conditioning units and lights are covered by the programme. The Government of Solomon Islands has endorsed the implementation of PALS in Solomon Islands, understanding the need for proper legal frameworks covering appliance minimum energy performance standards and labelling.
2.3 Solomon Islands Electricity Authority energy efficiency initiatives
The Solomon Islands Sustainable Energy Programme (SISEP) implemented by the World Bank from 2009 to 2013 is an initiative that will improve the supply side energy efficiency of the power utility. This is being done through the improvement of SIEA’s financial position, recruitment of management expertise, and improvement of SIEA’s technical operations.
In 2012, the Pacific Power Association contracted KEMA to conduct a study titled the Quantification of the Power System Energy Losses in South Pacific Utilities. The KEMA report highlighted the fact that the losses throughout the SIEA system consist of power station losses and distribution system losses. KEMA’s analysis showed that losses total 22.91% of annual generation, which is a very high percentage. These losses consist of:
➢ 2.89% in power station auxiliaries (station losses),
➢ 5.85% in technical losses, and
➢ 17.05% in non-technical losses.
Recommendations to improve technical and non-technical losses were provided by the consultants as part of the KEMA analysis reports and the recommendations are considered in this EE-EC-SIP.
The low uptake of energy conservation and efficiency initiatives could be attributed to the following issues, which are also taken into consideration in this strategy.
(a) Lack of information and awareness of the potential for energy conservation and efficiency initiatives
(b) Limited consumer knowledge and understanding of EE
(c) Emphasis on increasing energy supplies and not on reducing consumption
(d) Non-participation of the private sector in EE services
(e) Limited technical knowledge of EE
(f) Limited or non-provision of government funds for EE
(g) Limited human resources and technical knowledge available within the Energy Division to address EE
(h) Lack of consistency in undertaking EE activities
(i) Lack of a legal and regulatory framework for EE, e.g. for enforcing minimum energy standards for imported products
(j) Lack of a champion to drive EE
In its attempt to address EE and EC, the Solomon Islands National Development Strategy 2011–2020 highlighted the efficient use of energy and promotion of EC measures. Specifically, the policy on energy is: ‘to ensure availability and efficient use of energy to achieve development goals of improving the livelihood and quality of life for all the people in the Solomon Islands,’ and one of its strategies is: ‘to reduce energy costs by promoting energy conservation and efficiency, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and promotion of energy efficient technology and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption on the environment’.
Part 3: Energy Efficiency And Conservation Strategies And Actions
The following section discusses key strategy areas, actions and targets for energy efficiency improvement in several sectors over the next five years.
3.1 The electricitysector
Promoting EE initiatives in the electricity sector can be considered under two main components: the supply side and the demand side initiatives. The SIEA, with support from the World Bank, will continue with its institutional strengthening programme to improve supply side management (SSM), its system losses, conversion efficiency and its financial position. In order to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels, the utility is using bio fuel in one of its generators but has been challenged by the irregular supply of coconut oil. The SIEA, through its customer care department, improves demand side management and broadcasts a weekly radio programme that includes awareness and power saving tips. It also approves imported electrical wiring for the distribution of electricity, and it has embarked on the use of pre-paid meters to replace the conventional electricity meters for households in Honiara.
3.2 Government to lead by example
The government, being a key energy consumer, can play a major role in changing the society towards a more energy efficient one through leading by example in good energy management practices.
The collation of detailed energy consumption data to identify energy trends and inefficiencies has been an ongoing challenge. The importing oil companies are reluctant to release confidential information about the quantities of fuel they sell to the various sectors of the economy: building and construction, transport, industry, and machinery and equipment. As a result, effective planning and policy design and setting EE targets by the Energy Division (ED) is hampered. There is a need to investigate ways and means by which crucial data on energy consumption can be made available to the ED on a timely basis in order for evidence-based policy design to be undertaken.
Having identified the patterns of energy consumption within government, energy audits will be carried out in order to determine specific areas where energy savings can be made. Whilst private sector involvement in energy audits is limited, the ED will ensure that the financial and human resources are sufficient to carry out this task. In order to effectively signal the government’s intentions for EE, appropriate legislation for appliance labelling and standards is being pursued.
Government has been allowing duty-free imports of solar equipment since 2010. In order to encourage the utilisation of energy efficient technologies, the tariff policy surrounding energy-efficient goods may need to be reconsidered. Allowing duty-free imports of these items would enable a structural change to higher energy efficiency and again signal the government’s intentions, which would further encourage the change. Duty free status, or at least reduced duties on imports of energy efficient technologies, would need to be considered. A policy of this nature would need to be in place until a significant swap to energy efficient technologies has been achieved.
3.3 Residentialsector
It is important that the public be made aware of the unsustainable trends in energy consumption currently being observed in Solomon Islands, as well as steps that can be taken to save money in light of the rising fuel and electricity prices. The ED will strengthen its awareness programme, launch a public awareness campaign on EE and EC, and ensure that there is adequate funding to continue awareness raising in future years.
Households can be encouraged to undertake their own energy audits with the aid of a simple checklist that can be made available and publicised. They can use SPC’s energy consumption calculation sheet (Annex 1) and electricity wattage for home appliances (Annex 2). This awareness and use of an energy consumption checklist can be started off at schools, as well as in organised networks such as women’s groups, church groups and other community-based organisations. This strategy includes some of the activities with estimated costs that are practical and effective in reducing electricity consumption. SIEA has developed a three-year plan, which includes EE as part of its customer services in order to continue creating awareness about using energy-efficient appliances and to increase the use of pre-pay domestic users in Honiara and outstations.
3.4 Commercial and businesssectors
The commercial and business sectors are large consumers of electricity. In 2010, 50.72% of the electricity generated was used by the commercial sector, while the remaining percentages are shared among the government and the industrial and domestic (residential) sectors (Figure 1). The electricity consumption for the business sector continued to increase in 2012 to 57.72%. Therefore, it is important that EE and EC measures are put in place to reduce electricity consumption in this sector, measures like those in the industrial and government led initiatives: lighting improvement, cooling load improvement, building insulation, AC unit retrofits, and equipment retrofits and improvements. There is potential for awareness raising on EC measures, as well as on introducing energy-efficient appliances and equipment.
Source: SPC data (2014)
3.5 Appliances andequipment
To achieve significant energy savings in this sector, government recognises the need for appliance labelling and standards. The MMERE, with support from SPC, is working towards legislating minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) and energy rating labels for high energy consuming appliances such as refrigerators, fridges, air conditioners and lights. MEPS prevent inefficient products from entering the country and labelling allows buyers to look for the most efficient products available on the market.
According to a 2011 SPC study, Costs and benefits of introducing standards and labels for electrical appliances in Pacific Island countries, a saving of approximately 22 million litres in diesel fuel and 9.8 GWh of electricity would be realised in Solomon Islands if labelling and standards are enforced for air conditioning units, refrigerators, freezers and lights (Table 2).
Table 2: Potential savings through MEPS and energy rating labels of selected appliances in Solomon Islands
Population (2013) | 566,000 |
Electrification rate (2013) | 14% |
Number of electrified households (2013) | 14,150 |
Average electricity use in electrified households (2013) | 1,024 kWh/yr |
Potential annual savings per household by 2028 | 187 kWh/yr |
Potential % savings from non-household uses | 8% |
Potential annual electricity saving in 2028, all electricity users | 9.8 GWh |
Potential generation fuel savings, 2013–2028 (all users) | 22 million litres |
Potential generation fuel cost savings 2013–2028 | USD 17 million |
Potential emission saving 2013–2028 | 61 KtCO2-e |
Source: Costs and benefits of introducing standards and labels for electrical appliances in Pacific Island countries (2011), George Wilkenfeld and Associate, and subsequent special analysis for Solomon Islands
3.6 Transport
The transport sector is heavily dependent on petroleum fuels and in 2011 it accounted for 42% of fuels consumed in the country, yet EE initiatives in the transport sector have been neglected over the years and urgent policy attention is needed. Good transport planning and infrastructure contributes to efficient use of energy. There are a number of initiatives that could be put in place, such as controls on vehicle standards, improved road maintenance, better licensing of buses, and provision of incentives for energy-efficient vehicles. A proper institution with a legal mandate is required to make progress on EE initiatives in this sector.
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Development has a National Transport Plan 2011–2030 with a three-year action plan that will be reviewed annually. A key focus of this plan is to improve the resilience of the transport network to the effects of climate change. This will be addressed through improved design standards and the selection of projects that help to protect both the transport network and inhabited areas. Providing transport access for individual communities and localities will be based on providing the most economically efficient and appropriate means of transport for them.
As previously mentioned, government’s incentives and taxes will be required to boost vehicle efficiency and accelerate the market penetration of new, efficient vehicle technologies.
While investigations into the use of bio fuels were mainly for trial purposes and have little economic merit, another source of fuel relatively untapped is LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). The predominant domestic use of LPG is currently household cylinder gas; however, the use of this gas in the transport sector is relatively under-developed. While LPG would still be an imported fuel, it allows Solomon Islands to diversify its sources of energy and it is also more environmentally friendly than other fossil fuels.
Concessions for imported vehicles that use LPG would encourage the use of this fuel.
3.7 Summary of strategies andactions
Table 3: Strategies and action plan for energy efficiency and conservation for 2014–2019
Policy statement 1: Promote EE and EC measures at the government, residential, commercial and businesses sectors Strategy 1.1: Encourage demand side management and ensure the transformation towards a more efficient use of energy |
Activities | Stakeholders | Planned outputs | Indicator of achievement | Cost (SBD) |
1.1.1 Inception and planning workshop on EE initiatives | ➢ ED ➢ SIEA ➢ Statistics and planning office ➢ Civil engineers ➢ Retailers ➢ EESCOs ➢ Commercial and industrial sectors ➢ Non-government organisations (NGOs) | ➢ Workshop on EE & EC initiatives undertaken | ➢ At least 30 participants attended the EE workshop ➢ Network of EE stakeholders established ➢ An M&E plan for the EE initiatives finalised | $43,512.66 |
1.1.2 Capacity development of energy officers in EE initiatives | ➢ Energy Department ➢ SIEA ➢ Civil engineers ➢ Retailers ➢ RESCOs | ➢ Energy staff including personnel from the private sector trained in energy auditing ➢ Energy attaché hired ➢ Energy audit equipment procured | ➢ At least five staff from ED and private sectors accredited as energy auditors ➢ At least ten personnel from the private sector are accredited as energy auditors ➢ MMERE buildings audited with report available ➢ Five energy attachés hired and working at ED ➢ Energy audit equipment is used in at least five energy audits by ED. | $553,797.47 |
1.1.3. Collect and collate | ➢ ED | ➢ Support from oil companies, | ➢ SI energy balance established | $909,810.13 |
relevant energy consumption | ➢ National Planning | Customs Department, | ➢ EE targets established | |
data to identify energy trends | ➢ MMERE | government ministries | ➢ SI centralised database portal established | |
and inefficiencies and develop | ➢ Customs | ➢ Realistic EE targets developed | | |
EE targets | ➢ Petroleum companies | and implemented | | |
1.1.4.Development of awareness materials | ➢ ED ➢ Civil societies | ➢ EE and EC awareness materials developed and printed | ➢ Printed copies of posters, booklets and pamphlets available in English and local languages | $474,683.54 |
GOVERNMENT-LED INITIATIVES |
Activities | Stakeholders | Planned outputs | Indicator of achievement | Cost (SBD) |
1.1.5 . Carry out energy audits in buildings of the 27 ministries | ➢ 27 ministries and staff ➢ SIEA ➢ ED | ➢ Energy audits undertaken in government buildings of the 27 ministries. | ➢ Five energy audits per year undertaken ➢ Energy audit reports for the government buildings available | $961,234.18 |
1.1.6. Conservation efforts in government buildings | ➢ 27 ministries and staff ➢ SIEA ➢ ED | ➢ Half-day workshop on EE initiatives undertaken, targeting government ministries ➢ Awareness materials disseminated ➢ Government competition on EE initiatives undertaken | ➢ At least 30 participants attended the workshop ➢ Support and active participation from the government ministries in undertaking EE and EC initiatives ➢ Increased knowledge and awareness of EE and EC initiatives enhanced from accessing the disseminated materials2 ➢ Top four energy efficient buildings identified, with the winners announced ➢ Target savings in electricity consumption achieved from the government ministries | $395,569.62 |
1.1.6. EE efforts in government buildings | ➢ 27 ministries and staff ➢ SIEA ➢ ED | ➢ Replacement of 4 ft tube lights to LED type undertaken ➢ Cooling load improvements in government buildings undertaken ➢ Office appliance improvement and retrofits undertaken | ➢ 11076 tube lights replaced as part of the lighting improvement programme ➢ Target savings in electricity consumption in cooling loads achieved from the government ministries ➢ Target savings in electricity consumption for the office appliance improvement achieved from the government ministries | $13,747,191.16 |
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRY- LED INITIATIVES |
Activities | Stakeholders | Planned outputs | Indicator of achievement | Cost (SBD) |
1.1.7 Energy survey of major commercial and industrial buildings | ➢ ED ➢ Commercial and industrial buildings | ➢ Commercial and industrial buildings surveyed | ➢ At least 600 buildings from the commercial and industrial sector surveyed | $158,227.85 |
1.1.8 Workshop on enabling | ➢ ED | ➢ Workshop undertaken | ➢ At least 30 participants attended the | $37,822.78 |
financial initiatives | ➢ Commercial and | | workshop | |
and mechanisms for EE | development banks | | ➢ Successful involvement of the banks as | |
improvements | ➢ Private sector – civil | | part of the retrofit loan programme | |
| engineers, retailers, | | | |
| hotels | | | |
2 This activity will include having a survey undertaken in 2014 to gauge the knowledge of government workers on EE and EC initiatives. A follow-up survey or annual surveys will be undertaken to gauge progress.
1.2.5 Household electricity bill ➢ rebate initiative | SIEA | ➢ | | Programme endorsed and implemented | ➢ Software and equipment procured and used $4,781,835.44 by SIEA ➢ At least 1000 households are awarded by the bill rebate awards |
1.2.6 Household energy efficient ➢ retrofit loans ➢ | ED Bank | ➢ | | Programme endorsed and implemented | ➢ Loan financing arrangement handled by the $791,139.24 bank ➢ At least 50 households benefited from the loan scheme |
Policy Statement 3: Encourage energy efficiency in appliances, equipment and technologies Strategy 3.1: Ensure there are appropriate standards, guidelines and tax incentives for the use of energy efficient appliances, equipment and technologies |
3.1.1 Develop through legislation of minimum energy performance standards and labelling for electrical appliances, such as fridges, freezers, air conditioning units and lights | ➢ ED ➢ SIEA ➢ AG’s Chambers ➢ Customs Department ➢ SPC | | ➢ ➢ | Relevant acts (Electricity Act & Customs Act) amended and enforced Record of imports of energy- efficient products at Customs Department | ➢ Legislation supporting MEPS and $10,255,610.89 labelling is in place and enforced |
3.1.2 Identify and implement tax incentives for energy-efficient appliances, equipment and technologies | ➢ ED ➢ SIEA ➢ Customs Department Ministry of Finance ➢ Ministry of Infrastructure and Development ➢ Land Transport Authority ➢ SPC | | ➢ ➢ | Assessment of government taxes on energy-efficient appliances and technologies Review of the existing legislation to integrate energy-efficient appliances, equipment and technologies | ➢ Tax incentives in place on the use of $118,670.89 energy efficient vehicles including LPG vehicles ➢ Tax incentives for energy efficient appliances, equipment, and technologies |
3.1.3 Collaborate with relevant agencies on the use of efficient cooking and heating technologies | ➢ Department of Energy ➢ NGOs ➢ Ministries of Agriculture, Environment, Health, Education | | ➢ ➢ | Construction of efficient biomass cooking stoves is taught at vocational rural training centres A pilot biogas demonstration is constructed | ➢ At least 4,000 households are using $791,139.24 energy efficient biomass stoves in urban centres |
Table 1: Implementation plan and timeline
Activities 2014 2015 2016 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
ELECTRICITY SECTOR |
Supply side activities Develop and Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing (relevant to the electric sector implement urban sub-sector) activities | Ongoing | Ongoing |
GOVERNMENT-LED INITIATIVES |
Data collection & collation Collect electricity/ Ongoing data Develop EE and EC Ongoing data | Ongoing data collection | Ongoing |
energy sector data collection targets collection and | and collation and finalise | |
for govt and other collation and refine | EE targets for inclusion | |
sectors EE targets | in the 2020 revised | |
| strategy | |
Government awareness Develop and Awareness in Continuously Continuously | Ongoing awareness | Ongoing awareness |
implement all 27 ministries improve campaign improve campaign to | | |
awareness completed to raise awareness raise awareness for | | |
campaigns for for government government workers | | |
all government workers | | |
agencies | | |
1-3 months demo at MMERE on Demo completed & efficient lights savings quantified |
Strengthening capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing SIG energy initiatives |
Workshop to Proposal for funding Workshop convened |
roll out the EE is developed once |
initiatives and strategy approved by |
programmes Cabinet |
Training of energy Training of energy Training of energy Training of energy staff and staff staff staff and private private sectors sectors | Training of energy staff and private sectors | Training of energy staff and private sectors |
Hiring of energy Hire of attaches Hire of attaches Hire of attaches attaches | Attaches recruited by ED | |
Recruitment of EE Energy specialist Energy specialist Energy specialist recruited specialist recruited recruited | Energy specialist recruited | Energy specialist recruited |
Procurement of Procurement of energy Procurement of energy auditing auditing equipment energy auditing equipment equipment |
Energy data Energy data collection Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing collection activities for the central database | Ongoing Ongoing |
Establishment Central Database Central database Central database maintained and of SI central developed maintained and updated database portal updated | Central database maintained Central database and updated maintained and updated |
Development Advocacy materials Advocacy materials Advocacy materials Advocacy materials disseminated of advocacy developed disseminated disseminated materials | Advocacy materials Advocacy disseminated materials disseminated |
Energy audits for Undertake EE workshop Audit commences Ongoing audit and Ongoing audit and implement 27 ministries in the SI targeting with 5 audits per implement audit audit recommendation government sectors year recommendation | Ongoing audit and Ongoing implement audit audit and recommendation implement audit recommendation |
Prepare policy High-level Ministries to begin Ongoing implementation | Ongoing implementation Ongoing |
brief for reduction endorsement on implementing | and evaluation implementation |
in energy reduction in energy reduction strategies | and evaluation |
consumption of use | |
all government | |
offices | |
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INITIATIVES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY |
Energy survey of major Roll out of energy Reports drafted on Reports drafted on Reports drafted on |
commercial and industrial surveys for energy consumption energy consumption energy consumption |
buildings commercial and per building per building per building |
industrial buildings |
Workshop on enabling financial Planning of Workshop delivered initiatives for EE improvements workshop using – using case study at residential, commercial and data collected on and buildings industrial buildings audited |
Energy audit of Commercial and Energy audits Energy audits Energy audits industrial buildings | Energy audits Energy audits |
EE initiatives in the commercial Implement energy Implement energy Implement energy and industrial sectors audit reports audit reports audit reports | Implement energy audit Implement energy reports audit reports |
PUBLIC AWARENESS – RESIDENTIAL SECTOR |
Awareness campaign Awareness on Commence general Improve campaigns Improve campaigns labelling and energy awareness to raise awareness to raise awareness standards to in Honiara and the commence provinces with public launches | Continue to refine Improve campaigns to and conduct raise awareness campaigns to raise awareness |
Table 2: Priority activities
POWER UTILITIES (relates to electric urban sub-sector activities) | Increase power generation efficiency and reduce losses Carry out supply side management activities, including auditing of SIEA power station and installations of cooling systems and new generators |
GOVERNMENT LED INITIATIVES | Extensive data collection and collation Energy audits of government-owned buildings ➢ Government energy awareness programmes ➢ Lighting improvements ➢ Mentoring and strengthening capacity of government officials on implementation of this strategy. |
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INITIATIVES | Energy auditing, cooling load improvements – building insulation and AC unit retrofits, monitoring and EC efforts, EE improvements – equipment retrofits and lighting improvements and capacity development |
PUBLIC AWARENESS – RESIDENTIAL SECTOR | ➢ Energy awareness programmes in Honiara and provincial centres ➢ Tax incentives on the use of energy-efficient lights ➢ Household energy efficient retrofit loan systems established ➢ Household electricity bill rebate initiative |
APPLIANCE AND LABELLING PROGRAMMES, EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES | ➢ Energy labelling and standards for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioners; ➢ Tax incentives on the use of energy efficient vehicles (including LPG vehicles) and cooking technologies |
3.8 Energy efficiencytargets
The level of EE in Solomon Islands is, as elsewhere, characterised by many different factors; no single indicator can provide a complete picture of a nation’s energy efficiency. In 2012 the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy analysed the energy efficiency levels of 12 of the world’s largest economies using 27 qualitative and quantitative indicators to provide an indication of overall EE in these countries. The indicators cover four main areas: national efforts, buildings, industry and transportation. SPC’s Framework for Action on Energy Security in the Pacific (FAESP) developed 36 indicators of which five relate to EE. These indicators include energy intensity of the economy (MJ/USD), electric power generation efficiency (kWh/l), distribution losses (%), the existence and scope of appliance labelling, and the existence and scope of mandated EE standards.
In 2010 the United Nations Secretary General launched the Sustainable Energy for All initiative with three complementary objectives to be achieved by 2030. One of the objectives is to double the rate of improvement in energy efficiency.
Whilst government recognises the importance of EE, there is currently a lack of EE data to establish meaningful targets. Comprehensive data collection and establishing national efficiency targets will be carried out as part of this strategy. These targets and implementation plan will be included in the revised strategy from 2020 and beyond.
SIEA presented the following plans and activities at the National Energy Forum conducted as part of developing this strategy.
➢ Improve on the cooling radiators for the LT Wartisila Lungga generators (gain 2.5 Mw).
➢ Carry out major overhauls on L10 Niigata, L9 Mitsubishi and L8 Wartsila.
➢ Install 2 x 1.5 Mw diesel generators at Honiara Power Station by December 2013.
➢ Install 2 x 5.0 Mw diesel generators at Lungga Power Station by 2015/2016.
➢ Carry out energy auditing at main stations in Lungga to reduce station energy usages.
According to SIEA Kema report 2012, SIEA’s system energy losses are 22.91% of annual generation, which is a very high percentage. These losses are used here as baseline data and energy supply side targets that SIEA could improve on. A summary of energy efficiency targets from supply side management is provided in Table 5.
Table 3: A summary of energy efficiency targets from supply side management
| Baseline | Targets | | |
2009 | 2015 | 2017 | 2019 |
1.1 Improvement in generation efficiency |
➢ Station losses (%) | 2.89 (2012) | na | na | <2.89 |
1.2 Improvement in the distribution line losses |
➢ Technical losses (%) | 5.85 (2012) | na | na | <4 |
➢ Non-technical losses (%)3 | 17.05 (2012) | na | na | <4 |
Tables 6 and 7 provide more details about EE targets, with estimated electricity growth of 4.39% based on the years 2009 to 2011 and electricity growth demand for the next five years. Table 6 provides past actual data on electricity consumption for the different sectors – domestic/residential, government, commercial, industrial and others – and forecasted electricity consumption. The activities listed in Table 7 are to be implemented by SIEA and ED and other relevant stakeholders, with ED as the coordinating agency.
Table 4: Energy efficiency targets
Main target: Reduce electricity consumption in all sectors by 10.7% (9.2 GWh) by 2019. This is equivalent to annual fuel generation cost saving of USD 1. 75 million achieved by 2019 (Electricity consumption growth 4.39%, electricity generation costs of USD 0.19/kWh).
Unit - kWh | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | Forecasted 2019 consumption | Targeted reduction in electricity consumption | Targeted savings to achieve by sector by 2019 | Overall contribution to SI DSM |
Residential | 13,128,198 | 12,902,309 | 13,141,960 | 17,754,825 | 1,775,483 | 10% | 2.1% |
Government | 8,216,545 | 6,811,535 | 7,214,272 | 9,746,502 | 1,949,300 | 20% | 2.3% |
Commercial | 32,001,932 | 37,646,276 | 36,866,547 | 49,806,809 | 2,490,340 | 5% | 2.9% |
Industrial | 7,818,888 | 5,452,203 | 5,898,450 | 7,968,823 | 398,441 | 5% | 0.5% |
Others | 1,924,385 | 936,247 | 751,964 | 1,015,905 | 50,795 | 5% | 0.1% |
General appliance & labelling standards | na | na | na | na | 2,561,642 | | 3.0% |
Total | 63,089,948 | 63,748,570 | 63,873,193 | 86,292,865 | 9,226,001 | | 10.7% |
3 Non-technical losses may include unbilled usage such as utility’s own building usage, energy used by pumps for the water and sewer systems, street lights, etc.
Table 5: Activities needed to achieve the targets
1. Lighting improvements | Typical ratings | EE improved ratings | Estimated hours of operation per day | Number of appliances to be replaced | Savings to be achieved by 2019 (kWh) |
Replacing 4 ft florescent tube lights with LED tubelights in the government sector* | 45 | 20 | 8 | 11076 | 584790.11 |
Replacing 60 watt incandescent bulbs with 11 watt CFL bulbs in the residential sector | 60 | 11 | 4 | 18614 | 1331611.89 |
Replacing 4ft florescent tube lights with 4 ft LED tubelights in the commercial sector | 45 | 20 | 8 | 943 | 49806.81 |
Replacing 2 ft florescent tube lights with 4 ft LED tubelights in the commercial sector | 25 | 10 | 8 | 786 | 24903.40 |
Improving lighting efficiency in industrial building | 80 | 40 | 6 | 314 | 19922.06 |
*The number of buildings targeted in the government sector refers to the 27 ministries. According to SIEA customer data 2012, there are 215 metered customers in the government sector.
2. Cooling load improvements - building insulation and AC unit retrofits, monitoring and EC efforts | Target reduction in cooling consumption load per day (kWh) | Number of days in year | Number of buildings targeted | Savings to be achieved by 2019 (kWh) |
Government ministries (27) | 125 | 264 | 27 | 877185.17 |
commercial buildings | 10 | 264 | 519 | 1369687.26 |
Industrial buildings | 15 | 264 | 40 | 159376.45 |
3. EE improvements – equipment retrofits and improvement4 | Target reduction in electricity consumption per day (kWh) | Number of days in year | Number of buildings targeted | Savings to be achieved by 2019 (kWh) |
Government ministries (27) | 55 | 264 | 27 | 389860.08 |
commercial buildings | 3 | 264 | 1006 | 796908.95 |
Industrial buildings | 12 | 264 | 63 | 199220.57 |
Other sectors | 2 | 365 | 70 | 50795.27 |
4. Awareness and promotion - EC efforts | Target reduction in electricity consumption per day (kWh) | Number of days in year | Number of buildings targeted | Savings to be achieved by 2019 (kWh) |
Residential sector | 0.25 | 365 | 4864 | 443870.63 |
Government ministries | 13.5 | 264 | 27 | 97465.02 |
commercial buildings | 1 | 264 | 943 | 249034.05 |
Industrial buildings | 2 | 264 | 38 | 19922.06 |
5. Appliance & labelling standards | Savings to be achieved by 2019 (kWh) | |
| Refrigerators | Freezers | Air conditioners | Lighting |
Residential | 404262.10 | 180932.51 | 128628.51 | 615901.45 |
Commercial | 144931.40 | 0.00 | 507259.91 | 579725.62 |
Source: Costs and benefits of introducing standards and labels for electrical appliances in PICs. 2011. George Wilkenfeld and Associates, and a subsequent special analysis for Solomon Islands
4 Equipment retrofit and improvement targets computers, printers, fax machines, servers, kitchen appliances, shredders, UPS, and other associated electrical equipment used in buildings.
3.9 Investment costs to meeting the targets
Investment or capital costs required for achieving the above targets are provided in Table 8. This is further explained in section 4. indicative figures to see to the successful implementation of the of the EE-EC-SIP in the vicinity of SBD49,733,141million dollars or USD 6.75 million dollars taken at an exchange rate of 0.1264 USD/SBD. This costs does not include the SIEA EE activities as these are provided in the SIEA Development Strategic plan 2014–2016.
Table 6: Summary of costing in meeting the targets
1. Strengthening capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing the SI EE-EC-SIP | Number of Staff targeted | Consultancy and associated hiring costs (SBD) | Hardware and associated retrofit costs (SBD) | Total estimated costs (SBD) | Comments |
Workshop for energy staff on EE and EC initiatives | 10 | $39,556.96 | $3,955.70 | $43,512.66 | The workshop will cover the concepts of EE and EC, reflecting on experiences in PICs. The workshop is partly an inception workshop for the strategic plan in also preparing for the other activities – energy surv ey questionnaires, advocacy material ideas, and data collection requests. The workshop should include all the energy staff and stakeholders in SI. Duration of workshop – 1 week. Finance breakdown: airfare and DSA – USD 2000; fees – USD 1000; workshop catering and materials – USD 2500. |
Training of energy staff in energy auditing | 10 | $79,113.92 | $7,911.39 | $87,025.32 | The training will be undertaken twice, once in 2015 and once in 2017. The second training will be a refresher training. Targeted participants will be the EE team from the energy office, civil engineers from the private sector and major retailers. Energy audit training will be comprehensive and will include accreditation. As part of the training, a detailed audit of government ministries will be undertaken. A one month training to include face-to-face sessions (one week), with practical auditing ( three weeks). Finance breakdown per training: airfare and DSA - USD 2000; fees – USD 2000; workshop catering and materials – USD 1500. |
Hiring of energy attachés | 5 | $348,101.27 | $0.00 | $348,101.27 | As part of the government capacity building programme, five additional attachés will be recruited on an annual basis to assist the EE team in the implementation of the activities. Skills required for the team should be as follows: graphic artist - 1, economist - 1, engineers - 3. Consideration should be given to the private sector to be part of the team as part of capacity building in establishing a business. Attaches fees = USD 10 X 5 days X 44 weeks X 5 attaches X 4 years |
Recruit energy specialist for SI | 1 | $2,768,987.34 | 0 | $2,768,987.34 | In order to progress the EE programme, it is recommended thast a consultant or adviser be recruited, who could provide capacity development and training as well as lead the work on EE initiatives. A GEF-6 proposal is recommended for implementing this strategy. |
3.Prospective investments for initiatives on EE & EC led by commercial and industrial sectors | Number of buildings targeted | Consultancy and implementation cost (SBD) | Hardware and associated retrofit costs (SBD) | Total estimated costs required (SBD) | comments |
Energy survey of major commercial and industrial buildings | > 600 | $158,227.85 | na | $158,227.85 | Activity contributes to data collection activity 1 above. Associated costs estimated at USD 20000. |
Workshop on financial supporting na mechanisms for EE improvements. | $25,955.70 | $11,867.09 | $37,822.78 | 1-2 day workshop focusing on financial investment opportunities in EE application, economic evaluation and proposal vetting, targeting the banking institutions and the private sector. Associated costs: consultant’s travel and DSA - USD 16000; fees - USD 6,000; workshop catering and materials - USD 2000. |
Energy audit of commercial and industrial buildings | 100 | $1,977,848.10 | na | $1,977,848.10 | Service fee for energy auditor to audit buildings. Energy Office to promote number of private auditors available. As part of the programme, a co-financing support will be provided by the Energy Office. Co-financing support is estimated at USD 2500 X 100 buildings for the five years. Opportunity to work with the bank in supporting the EE retrofitting activities with the private sector. |
Lighting replacement programme – 4 ft tube lights replacement | na | Special loan scheme | Special loan scheme | $7,911,392.41 | Loan financing scheme to work with the banks in providing loans with added benefits in promoting the programme, such as financing and interest-reduced loan options. The loan option is to add value to the World Bank guarantee commitment option. Targeted amount for the commercial sector funds estimated at USD 1,000,000.00. |
EE efforts – cooling load improvements | na | Special loan scheme | Special loan scheme |
EE efforts – office appliance improvements and retrofits | na | Special loan scheme | Special loan scheme |
$10,085,291.14 |
Household energy efficient Special loan scheme Special loan scheme $791,139.24 Loan financing scheme to work with the banks in providing loans with retrofit loans added benefits in promoting the programme such as co-financing and interest-reduced loan options. The loan option is to add value to the World Bank guarantee commitment option. Targeted amount for the commercial sector funds estimated at USD 100,000. |
$8,627,642.44 |
5.Regulations and standards | Consultancy and | Hardware and | Total estimated | Comments |
investments for energy-efficient | implementation | associated | costs required | |
products | cost per activity | retrofits (SBD) | (SBD) | |
| (SBD) | | | |
Appliance labelling and standards | $1,456,091.77 | $8,799,519.11 | $10,255,610.89 | Associated costing as referenced from Costs and Benefits of Introducing |
programme (includes training and | | | | Standards and Labels for Electrical Appliances in PICs (2011), George |
legislation development) targeting | | | | Wilkenfeld and Associates, and subsequent special analysis for Solomon |
refrigerators, freezers, air conditioners | | | | Islands. |
and lighting | | | | |
Study of the costs and benefits of introducing fiscal or financial incentives for energy-efficient appliances and vehicles | $118,670.89 | na | $118,670.89 | Associated cost to undertake study. Travel and DSA – USD 5,000; fees – USD 10,000. |
Efficient biomass stove cooking | $791,139.24 | na | $791,139.24 | 4,000 households using energy-efficient biomass EZY stoves at a cost of USD 25 per EZY stove by 2019. |
$11,165,421 |
4.0. Energy efficiency policies, strategies and outcomes
Within the five years of implementing the policy strategies, a number of outcomes are expected.
Policy1 : Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures in the electricity sector
Strategy 1.1: Encourage supply side management
O1.1: Improve diesel power generation efficiency by at least 4 kWh/l from 2009 level1
Policy2: Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures in the government,residential, commercial and business sectors
Strategy 2.1: Encourage demand side management and ensure transformation towards a more efficient use of energy
O2.1: Reduce electricity consumption in government services by 20% from 2012 level, while increasing efficiency of service delivery by 2019
O2.2: Build a sufficient body of expertise within government in order to develop and achieve national energy efficiency targets by 2019
O2.3 Reduce electricity consumption in domestic and households level by 10% from 2012 level O2.4 Reduce electricity consumption in commercial services by 5% from 2012 level
O2.5 Reduce electricity consumption in industrial services by 5% from 2012 level
Strategy 2.2: Ensure wider public engagement in energy efficiency
O2.6 Increase nationwide levels of awareness, leading to strong demand for energy efficiency products and services
O2.7 Include course materials on energy efficiency and conservation in the education system in primary and secondary schools by 2019
Policy 3: Encourage energy efficiency in appliances, equipment and technologies
Strategy 3.1: Ensure there are appropriate standards, guidelines and tax incentives for the use of energy- efficient appliances, equipment and technologies
O3.1: By 2019, realise electricity savings of 2.56 GWh per year from mandatory implementation of
minimum energy performance standards and energy labelling for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioning units
O3.2: By 2019, fully realise incentives for the purchase and use of efficient vehicles and cooking technologies
1 Please note this is SSM and actual activities and costs are captured in the SIEA power plan and strategic action plan and are not included in the strategy due to lack of data obtained from SIEA.
Part 4: Energy Efficiency Investment Plan
4.1 Summary of investments required
The investments required to implement the initiatives identified under the EE-EC-SIP actions (Part 3.0) are presented in Ta b l e s 9 t o 1 2 , which also illustrate the funding requirements for these investments to take place. The identified proposals will require the involvement not just of MMERE, but also the Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Ministry of Education (MOE), SIEA, oil and gas companies, commercial businesses, NGOs and others, and co-ordinating this will require strong leadership from the EAC, which will be established to oversee the implementation of the SINEP policy and strategy and monitor progress. By working together to implement these plans, all involved in the sector can contribute to a step change in delivery of EE services for all Solomon Islanders.
Table 7: Prospective investments for government-led initiatives, businesses and industries on energy efficiency
Leading agencies responsible and participating agencies | ED, Heads of Ministries, EAC members SIEA, staff of all 27 ministries, private sector, MOE, businesses and industries |
Background/ Rationale | Energy usage and expenditure is very high due to high oil prices and reliance on fuel imports. As hydro- electricity schemes will not be commissioned before 2017, in the short term demand can be reduced by promoting EE and EC measures in order to meet the goal of reducing the cost of energy supply. Government can take the lead in identifying where EE measures can be implemented and demonstrate the benefits, especially cost savings. |
Objectives | ➢ To reduce energy use in government buildings, businesses and industries ➢ To assist in promotion of EE and EC by government acting as a leader and demonstrating the benefits |
Scope of work | a) Carry out energy audits for 27 ministries and implement audit recommendations progressively b) Prepare policy brief for all ministries to replace lights with efficient ones c) Collect relevant energy data to identify trends and inefficiencies and develop national EE targets d) Prepare policy brief for achieving reduction in electricity consumption of all government offices by the determined appropriate target e.g. 10% e) Conduct government awareness programmes f) Strengthen capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing SIG energy initiatives g) Prospective investments for government-led initiatives on EE h) Prospective investments for initiatives on EE led by the commercial and industrial sectors i) Facilitate energy auditing in institutions and commercial/industry buildings and showcase energy savings on GHG emissions and money |
Benefits | ➢ Reduced energy use and fuel bills to government ministries, and therefore reduced cost of running government to taxpayers ➢ An example set to businesses and the public of energy-efficient appliances, contributing to raised awareness ➢ Reduced fuel import, use and emissions |
Alignment with NDS | Will contribute to NDS Objective 6: a) To reduce costs and protect the environment, ensure fuel conservation and efficiency in end use of petroleum products b) Reduce energy costs by promoting EE and EC, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and promotion of energy-efficient technology and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption |
Estimated cost | ➢ Strengthening capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing the SI-EE- EC -SIP: SBD 4,750,791.14 ➢ Prospective investment for government-led initiatives on EE: SBD 15,103,994.96 ➢ Prospective investments for initiatives on EE led by the commercial and industrial sectors: SBD 10,085,291.14 |
Implementation period | 2014–2019 |
Potential funding | SIG, SIEA, SPC, private sector, bilateral and international donors |
Table 8: Public awareness investments in the residential sector
Responsible agency | ED, SIEA, provincial councils, NGOs, private sector |
Background/ Rationale | The efficient utilisation of energy and discouraging wasteful and non-productive patterns of energy consumption are vital for a country that is highly dependent on imported energy sources. Public awareness of EE and EC is very low and programmes are needed to educate people on energy saving behaviour. |
Objectives | To increase public awareness of EE and EC practices, resulting in: - lower fuel bills for consumers;
- reduced total fuel use generating electricity; and
- increase in consumers choosing to purchase energy efficient products.
|
Scope of work | a) Awareness raising campaigns to explain the benefits of saving energy and how people can do it. To be conducted through radio talk back shows, pamphlets, TV adverts, road shows, in local languages for rural and urban areas. Awareness to include public launches b) Conduct supply and demand side management activities c) EE and EC to be integrated into school curriculum |
Benefits | ➢ Fuel savings by SIEA and reduced growth in demand for fuel imports ➢ Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions ➢ Reduction in consumer electricity bills ➢ A more energy aware public |
Alignment with NDS and Energy Policy | Will contribute to NDS Objective 6: a) To reduce costs and protect the environment, ensure fuel conservation and efficiency in end use of petroleum products b) Reduce energy costs by promoting EE and EC, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and promotion of energy efficient technology, and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption |
Estimated cost | ➢ Awareness campaign at national and provincial level and mainstreaming into RE and national energy workshops: SBD 411,392.41 ➢ Integrating EE into school curriculum: SBD 158,227.85 ➢ Awareness advocacy – national events and seminars:SBD 791,139.24 ➢ Awareness advocacy – TV and radio advertisements: SBD 949,367.09 ➢ Buy one get one free CFL light bulb initiative: SBD 744,541.17 ➢ Household electricity bill rebate initiative: SBD 4,781,835.44 ➢ Household energy efficient retrofit loans: SBD 791,139.24 |
Implementation period | 2014–2019 |
Potential funding | SIG, SIEA, private sector, development partners, submissions to GEF -6 |
Table 9: Regulations and standards investments for appliance and labelling programmes and activities
Responsible agency | ED, SIEA, all 27 Heads of ministries and staff, Ministry of Finance |
Background/ Rationale | Appliances used in Solomon Islands presently are generally very inefficient in their energy usage and standards are not currently in place for appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, air conditioning units. The NDS (2011–2020) highlighted the efficient use of energy and promotion of energy conservation measures as part of its policy and strategy for energy. There is no fiscal incentive such as tax rebate or reduced import duty on imports of efficient LED lights or energy labelled refrigerators or freezers and air-conditioners. Neither is there a national standard for MEPS. |
Objectives | ➢ To prevent highly inefficient appliances and vehicles from entering and being traded in Solomon Islands ➢ To ensure staff enforcing standards are trained to monitor appliances against the relevant standard effectively ➢ To prevent sub-standard products from entering local markets |
Scope of projects | a) Adopt through legislation minimum energy performance standards and labelling for electrical appliances such as fridges, freezers, air conditioning units and lights. b) Review the Electricity Act to include EE standards and labelling and regulate imports of appliances through the Customs Act. c) Train customs staff in enforcement of standards for regulated and prohibited items. d) Commission a study of the costs and benefits of introducing fiscal or financial incentives for energy-efficient appliances (for appliances not covered under (a)) and vehicles. e) Develop partnerships to promote energy-efficient technologies for cooking and heating. |
Benefits | ➢ Fewer energy inefficient appliances being used in Solomon Islands, with resulting benefits of reduced fuel use and power demand ➢ Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions ➢ Reduction in consumer electricity bills ➢ Greater business understanding of the long-term savings that can be made through investing in energy efficient appliances and technologies ➢ Reduced costs of doing business ➢ Fewer trees cut down ➢ Improved health related to cooking with efficient biomass stoves |
Alignment with NDS | Will contribute to NDS Objective 6: a) To reduce costs and protect the environment, ensure fuel conservation and efficiency in end-use of petroleum products b) To reduce energy costs by promoting EE and EC, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and promotion of energy-efficient technology and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption on the environment |
Estimated cost | ➢ Appliance labelling and standards programme (includes training and legislation development): SBD 10,255.610 ➢ Study of the costs and benefits of introducing fiscal or financial incentives for energy-efficient appliances and efficient vehicles: SBD 118,670.89 ➢ Scaling up the use of biomass stoves SBD 791,139.24 |
Implementation period | 2014–2019 |
Potential funding | PALS –AUSAid/ SPC, SIG, ROC & GEF-6 |
Table 10: Summary of investment schedule for EE and EC
Planning Stage | Implementation Stage |
Energy efficiency activities | Total cost SBD | 2014 | 2015 | | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
POWER UTILITY |
Conduct supply side management activities – WB and KEMA report recommendations | Refer to SIEA Development Strategic Plan and KEMA 2012 reports | | | |
SUB – TOTAL |
Conduct demand side management activities GOVERNMENT-LED INITIATIVES |
Strengthening capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing SIG energy initiatives |
Workshop of energy staff in EE and EC initiatives | 43,512.66 | 21,756.33 | 21,756.33 | | | | | |
Training of energy staff in energy auditing | 87,025.32 | 87,025.32 | | | | | | |
Hiring of energy attaches | 348,101.27 | 69,620.25 | 69,620.25 | | 69,620.25 | 69,620.25 | | |
Recruitment of an energy specialist for SI | 2,768,987.34 | 553,797.47 | 553,797.47 | | 553,797.47 | 553,797.47 | | |
Procurement of energy auditing equipment | 118,670.89 | 59,335.45 | 59,335.45 | | | | | |
Energy data collection activities for the central database | 118,670.89 | 39,556.96 | 39,556.96 | | 39,556.96 | | | |
Establishment of the SI central database portal | 791,139.24 | 263,731.08 | 263,731.08 | | 263,731.08 | | | |
Development of advocacy materials | 474,683.54 | 94,936.71 | 94,936.71 | | 94,936.71 | 94,936.71 | 94,936.71 | |
SUB TOTAL | 4,750,791.15 | 1,189,741.57 | 1,102,716. | 25 | 1,021,624.47 | 718,354.43 | 718,354.43 | 0 |
Energy efficiency activities | Total cost SBD | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
Lighting replacement programme - 4 ft and 2 ft tube lights replacement | 7,911,392.41 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | |
EE efforts – Cooling load improvements | | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | |
EE efforts – Office appliance improvements and retrofits | | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | 527,426.16 | |
SUB-TOTAL | 10,085,291 | 2,056,962 | 2,094,785 | 1,977,848 | 1,977,848 | 1,977,848 | 0 |
PUBLIC AWARENESS & RESIDENTIAL SECTOR
Mainstreaming EE and EC in energy and gender activities and workshops | 411,392.41 | 205,696.21 | 205,696.21 | |
Mainstreaming EE and EC activities into the school curriculum | 158,227.85 | 52,742.62 | 52,742.62 | 52,742.62 | | | |
Awareness advocacy – contribution to national events and seminars | 791,139.24 | 158,227.85 | 158,227.85 | 158,227.85 | 158,227.85 | 158,227.85 | |
Awareness advocacy – TV and radio advertisements Buy one, get one free. CFL light bulb initiative | 949,367.09 | 189,873.42 | 189,873.42 | 189,873.42 | 189,873.42 | 189,873.42 | |
Buy get one free CFL light bulb initiative | 744,541.17 | 186,135.29 | 186,135.29 | 186,135.29 | 186,135.29 | | |
Household electricity bill rebate initiative | 4,781,835.44 | 1,593,945.15 | 1,593,945.15 | 1,593,945.15 | | | |
Household energy efficient retrofit loans | 791,139.24 | 131,856.54 | 131,856.54 | 131,856.54 | 131,856.54 | 131,856.54 | 131,856.54 |
Annex 1: SPC energy consumption calculation sheet
Appliances | Average (peak) power consumption in kW (Watts/1000) | Number of hours used per day (hours/hr) | Number of kilo watts used (daily) kW x hours used = kWh per day |
Kitchen |
Lights |
Refrigerator |
Microwave |
Toaster |
Electric jug |
Others |
Laundry |
Lights |
Iron |
Washing machine |
Solar hot water booster |
Others |
Lounge/Dining |
Lights |
Television |
VCD/DVD player |
Stereo |
Others |
Bedroom One |
Lights |
Others |
Bedroom Two |
Lights |
Others |
Bedroom Three |
Lights |
Others |
Bathroom |
Lights |
Others |
Total | Kw | hrs | kWh/day |
Estimated monthly electricity bill = kWh/day x 30 days x tariff rate
(Other charges, such as taxes and fuel adjustments charges, could also be included in your electricity bill)
Annex 2: Electricity wattage for home appliances
Household Item.................. watts | | Household Item........................ watts | |
Coffee maker Dishwasher Toaster Toaster oven Compact or small microwave Midsize and large oven Refrigerator Refrigerator/Freeze Freezer Electric jug/kettle Electric stove Electric rice cooker Electric frying pan Blender Food processor Sandwich maker Electric work Deep fat fryer Grinder Juice extractor Mixer Urn Hot water boosters Ceiling fan Stand fan Desk fan Window air conditioner Split air conditioner Electric coil (e.g. vape) Hair dryer Hair straightener Hair trimmer Electric shaver Electric sewing machine Heater (portable) Clothes iron Telephone Fax machine Laser jet Printer Inkjet printer Scanners VCR player DVD player Stereo big sizes Stereo small sizes Radio CD/Cassette player | Small 750 1100 800 900 600 850 225 225 180 1800 1600 200 1100 210 400 220 800 1600 120 400 150 1800 1100 50 50 30 800 800 5 960 170 7 7 90 750 900 7 60 200 20 15 17 15 290 30 7.5 | Large 1800 2000 1400 1225 800 1650 800 1200 600 2400 2400 1400 2400 650 1000 900 2400 2400 400 1200 4000 2400 2200 175 90 65 2400 2400 10 2000 750 75 20 200 1500 2400 12 300 600 100 45 41 60 500 100 40 | Vacuum cleaner Water blaster Energy saver light bulbs Incandescent light bulb Clock radio Washing machines Twin tub (no heating features) Top loader – Agitator Top loader – Impeller Front Loader Clothes drier Appliance charger Land line phone Mobile phone Camera TV decoder Desktop computer with LCD monitor Desktop computer with CRT monitor Laptop | Small 200– 200–500 250 250 5 25 10 350 290 290 290 1000 3 1.5 3 Awake 15–25 110–140 150– 180 30–65 | Large 1200– 2400 1100 39 150 600 1200 1200 1200 1800 25 4 15 Asleep 2–9 30–50 50–70 10–20 |
| | | | | | |
Ministry of Mines, Energy and Rural Electrification
P.O Box G37, Honiara, Solomon Islands
© Copyright Solomon Islands Government
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Part 2: Review Of Energy Efficiency And Conservation Initiatives
2.1 Review of the 2007 energy efficiency and conservation action plan
The 2007 Solomon Island National Energy Plan (SINEP) with its two-year Strategic Action Plan (2007–2009) was reviewed as part of developing this strategy and the 2014 SINEP. The 2007 SINEP section on energy efficiency and energy conservation has one policy statement, two strategies and one activity under each strategy. Table 1 provides an assessment of the 2007–2009 energy efficiency and conservation strategies and activities.
Table 1: Summary of status of implementation of energy efficiency and conservation policy
Reference
Policies, strategies, actions
Fulfilled
Details
Ranking of progress
Relevant to the future?
Policy statement
1
Ensure that energy
conservation and efficiency measures are promoted in all aspects of energy production and use.
Partly
The policy is not fulfilled due to lack of implementation between 2007
and 2009. However, some awareness programmes were carried out by
MMERE and SIEA in 2011. SIEA
continues with its own EE activities.
Unsatisfactory
Yes
Strategies and activities
1.1
Promote the use of appliance labelling and EE ratings.
No
Not implemented during the plan time frame. Since 2012, Solomon Islands has been assisted by SPC to develop legislation on energy efficient appliances and energy
labels.
Unsatisfactory
Yes
1.1.1
Develop minimum energy performance standards for refrigerators and freezers
No
No minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) were developed
for refrigerators and freezers during the plan time frame. Solomon
Islands has shown an interest in the PALS programme, cabinet has given approval.
Unsatisfactory
Yes
1.2
Promote appropriate energy efficient equipment and
technology
Partly
Some equipment, such as led lights, energy efficient lights and energy
star-rated refrigerators and air-cons, are available in the market, but
there is no legislation on this.
Unsatisfactory
Yes
1.2.1
Develop, implement and
enforce national efficiency and safety standards for
energy technologies,
equipment and appliances.
No
No standards were developed or adopted
Unsatisfactory
Yes
Policy
Strategies
Action
Total
Fulfilled
0
0
0
0
Partly fulfilled
1
1
0
2
Not fulfilled
0
1
2
3
The assessment indicated that there were no profound efforts to implement EE and EC programmes in Solomon Islands. Past EE efforts included the installation of timer switches on air conditioning units at MMERE in 1997, awareness through television on EC measures to reduce electricity bills, and the energy audit of Rove Prison complex in 2010. In 2011 radio awareness progra mmes on simple housekeeping and safety measures were conducted by MMERE and SIEA. Most of the activities under the 2007 action plan are relevant and therefore are again considered as part of this strategy.
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Energy Efficiency & Energy Conversation: Strategy & Investment Plan (2014–2019)
2.2 Pacific Appliance Labelling and Standards programme
The Pacific Appliance Labelling and Standards (PALS) programme is a recent (2012) programme implemented by SPC in which Solomon Islands is participating. The programme aims to prohibit the entry of inefficient electrical appliances to PICTs through the adoption of legally enforceable minimum energy performance standards and energy labelling. The energy label helps buyers choose the more efficient of the products that meet the minimum standards. Appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, air conditioning units and lights are covered by the programme. The Government of Solomon Islands has endorsed the implementation of PALS in Solomon Islands, understanding the need for proper legal frameworks covering appliance minimum energy performance standards and labelling.
2.3 Solomon Islands Electricity Authority energy efficiency initiatives
The Solomon Islands Sustainable Energy Programme (SISEP) implemented by the World Bank from 2009 to 2013 is an initiative that will improve the supply side energy efficiency of the power utility. This is being done through the improvement of SIEA’s financial position, recruitment of management expertise, and improvement of SIEA’s technical operations.
In 2012, the Pacific Power Association contracted KEMA to conduct a study titled the Quantification of the Power System Energy Losses in South Pacific Utilities. The KEMA report highlighted the fact that the losses throughout the SIEA system consist of power station losses and distribution system losses. KEMA’s analysis showed that losses total 22.91% of annual generation, which is a very high percentage. These losses consist of:
➢ 2.89% in power station auxiliaries (station losses),
➢ 5.85% in technical losses, and
➢ 17.05% in non-technical losses.
Recommendations to improve technical and non-technical losses were provided by the consultants as part of the KEMA analysis reports and the recommendations are considered in this EE-EC-SIP.
The low uptake of energy conservation and efficiency initiatives could be attributed to the following issues, which are also taken into consideration in this strategy.
(a) Lack of information and awareness of the potential for energy conservation and efficiency initiatives
(b) Limited consumer knowledge and understanding of EE
(c) Emphasis on increasing energy supplies and not on reducing consumption
(d) Non-participation of the private sector in EE services
(e) Limited technical knowledge of EE
(f) Limited or non-provision of government funds for EE
(g) Limited human resources and technical knowledge available within the Energy Division to address EE
(h) Lack of consistency in undertaking EE activities
(i) Lack of a legal and regulatory framework for EE, e.g. for enforcing minimum energy standards for imported products
(j) Lack of a champion to drive EE
In its attempt to address EE and EC, the Solomon Islands National Development Strategy 2011–2020 highlighted the efficient use of energy and promotion of EC measures. Specifically, the policy on energy is: ‘to ensure availability and efficient use of energy to achieve development goals of improving the livelihood and quality of life for all the people in the Solomon Islands,’ and one of its strategies is: ‘to reduce energy costs by promoting energy conservation and efficiency, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and promotion of energy efficient technology and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption on the environment’.
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Part 3: Energy Efficiency And Conservation Strategies And Actions
The following section discusses key strategy areas, actions and targets for energy efficiency improvement in several sectors over the next five years.
3.1 The electricity sector
Promoting EE initiatives in the electricity sector can be considered under two main components: the supply side and the demand side initiatives. The SIEA, with support from the World Bank, will continue with its institutional strengthening programme to improve supply side management (SSM), its system losses, conversion efficiency and its financial position. In order to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels, the utility is using bio fuel in one of its generators but has been challenged by the irregular supply of coconut oil. The SIEA, through its customer care department, improves demand side management and broadcasts a weekly radio programme that includes awareness and power saving tips. It also approves imported electrical wiring for the distribution of electricity, and it has embarked on the use of pre-paid meters to replace the conventional electricity meters for households in Honiara.
3.2 Government to lead by example
The government, being a key energy consumer, can play a major role in changing the society towards a more energy efficient one through leading by example in good energy management practices.
The collation of detailed energy consumption data to identify energy trends and inefficiencies has been an ongoing challenge. The importing oil companies are reluctant to release confidential information about the quantities of fuel they sell to the various sectors of the economy: building and construction, transport, industry, and machinery and equipment. As a result, effective planning and policy design and setting EE targets by the Energy Division (ED) is hampered. There is a need to investigate ways and means by which crucial data on energy consumption can be made available to the ED on a timely basis in order for evidence-based policy design to be undertaken.
Having identified the patterns of energy consumption within government, energy audits will be carried out in order to determine specific areas where energy savings can be made. Whilst private sector involvement in energy audits is limited, the ED will ensure that the financial and human resources are sufficient to carry out this task. In order to effectively signal the government’s intentions for EE, appropriate legislation for appliance labelling and standards is being pursued.
Government has been allowing duty-free imports of solar equipment since 2010. In order to encourage the utilisation of energy efficient technologies, the tariff policy surrounding energy-efficient goods may need to be reconsidered. Allowing duty-free imports of these items would enable a structural change to higher energy efficiency and again signal the government’s intentions, which would further encourage the change. Duty free status, or at least reduced duties on imports of energy efficient technologies, would need to be considered. A policy of this nature would need to be in place until a significant swap to energy efficient technologies has been achieved.
3.3 Residential sector
It is important that the public be made aware of the unsustainable trends in energy consumption currently being observed in Solomon Islands, as well as steps that can be taken to save money in light of the rising fuel and electricity prices. The ED will strengthen its awareness programme, launch a public awareness campaign on EE and EC, and ensure that there is adequate funding to continue awareness raising in future years.
Households can be encouraged to undertake their own energy audits with the aid of a simple checklist that can be made available and publicised. They can use SPC’s energy consumption calculation sheet (Annex 1) and electricity wattage for home appliances (Annex 2). This awareness and use of an energy consumption checklist can be started off at schools, as well as in organised networks such as women’s groups, church groups and other community-based organisations. This strategy includes some of the activities with estimated costs that are practical and effective in reducing electricity consumption. SIEA has developed a three-year plan, which includes EE as part of its customer services in order to continue creating awareness about using energy-efficient appliances and to increase the use of pre-pay domestic users in Honiara and outstations.
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3.4 Commercial and business sectors
The commercial and business sectors are large consumers of electricity. In 2010, 50.72% of the electricity generated was used by the commercial sector, while the remaining percentages are shared among the government and the industrial and domestic (residential) sectors (Figure 1). The electricity consumption for the business sector continued to increase in 2012 to 57.72%. Therefore, it is important that EE and EC measures are put in place to reduce electricity consumption in this sector, measures like those in the industrial and government led initiatives: lighting improvement, cooling load improvement, building insulation, AC unit retrofits, and equipment retrofits and improvements. There is potential for awareness raising on EC measures, as well as on introducing energy-efficient appliances and equipment.
Source: SPC data (2014)
3.5 Appliances and equipment
To achieve significant energy savings in this sector, government recognises the need for appliance labelling and standards. The MMERE, with support from SPC, is working towards legislating minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) and energy rating labels for high energy consuming appliances such as refrigerators, fridges, air conditioners and lights. MEPS prevent inefficient products from entering the country and labelling allows buyers to look for the most efficient products available on the market.
According to a 2011 SPC study, Costs and benefits of introducing standards and labels for electrical appliances in Pacific Island countries, a saving of approximately 22 million litres in diesel fuel and 9.8 GWh of electricity would be realised in Solomon Islands if labelling and standards are enforced for air conditioning units, refrigerators, freezers and lights (Table 2).
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Energy Efficiency & Energy Conversation: Strategy & Investment Plan (2014–2019)
Table 2: Potential savings through MEPS and energy rating labels of selected appliances in Solomon Islands
Population (2013)
566,000
Electrification rate (2013)
14%
Number of electrified households (2013)
14,150
Average electricity use in electrified households (2013)
1,024 kWh/yr
Potential annual savings per household by 2028
187 kWh/yr
Potential % savings from non-household uses
8%
Potential annual electricity saving in 2028, all electricity users
9.8 GWh
Potential generation fuel savings, 2013–2028 (all users)
22 million litres
Potential generation fuel cost savings 2013–2028
USD 17 million
Potential emission saving 2013–2028
61 KtCO2-e
Source: Costs and benefits of introducing standards and labels for electrical appliances in Pacific Island countries (2011), George Wilkenfeld and Associate, and subsequent special analysis for Solomon Islands
3.6 Transport
The transport sector is heavily dependent on petroleum fuels and in 2011 it accounted for 42% of fuels consumed in the country, yet EE initiatives in the transport sector have been neglected over the years and urgent policy attention is needed. Good transport planning and infrastructure contributes to efficient use of energy. There are a number of initiatives that could be put in place, such as controls on vehicle standards, improved road maintenance, better licensing of buses, and provision of incentives for energy-efficient vehicles. A proper institution with a legal mandate is required to make progress on EE initiatives in this sector.
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Development has a National Transport Plan 2011–2030 with a three-year action plan that will be reviewed annually. A key focus of this plan is to improve the resilience of the transport network to the effects of climate change. This will be addressed through improved design standards and the selection of projects that help to protect both the transport network and inhabited areas. Providing transport access for individual communities and localities will be based on providing the most economically efficient and appropriate means of transport for them.
As previously mentioned, government’s incentives and taxes will be required to boost vehicle efficiency and accelerate the market penetration of new, efficient vehicle technologies.
While investigations into the use of bio fuels were mainly for trial purposes and have little economic merit, another source of fuel relatively untapped is LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). The predominant domestic use of LPG is currently household cylinder gas; however, the use of this gas in the transport sector is relatively under-developed. While LPG would still be an imported fuel, it allows Solomon Islands to diversify its sources of energy and it is also more environmentally friendly than other fossil fuels.
Concessions for imported vehicles that use LPG would encourage the use of this fuel.
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3.7 Summary of strategies and actions
Table 3: Strategies and action plan for energy efficiency and conservation for 2014–2019
Policy statement 1: Promote EE and EC measures at the government, residential, commercial and businesses sectors
Strategy 1.1: Encourage demand side management and ensure the transformation towards a more efficient use of energy
Activities
Stakeholders
Planned outputs
Indicator of achievement
Cost (SBD)
1.1.1 Inception and planning workshop on EE initiatives
➢ ED
➢ SIEA
➢ Statistics and planning office
➢ Civil engineers
➢ Retailers
➢ EESCOs
➢ Commercial and industrial sectors
➢ Non-government
organisations (NGOs)
➢ Workshop on EE & EC initiatives undertaken
➢ At least 30 participants attended the EE workshop
➢ Network of EE stakeholders established
➢ An M&E plan for the EE initiatives finalised
$43,512.66
1.1.2 Capacity development of energy officers in EE initiatives
➢ Energy Department
➢ SIEA
➢ Civil engineers
➢ Retailers
➢ RESCOs
➢ Energy staff including
personnel from the private sector trained in energy
auditing
➢ Energy attaché hired
➢ Energy audit equipment procured
➢ At least five staff from ED and private sectors accredited as energy auditors
➢ At least ten personnel from the private sector are accredited as energy auditors
➢ MMERE buildings audited with report available
➢ Five energy attachés hired and working at ED
➢ Energy audit equipment is used in at least five energy audits by ED.
$553,797.47
1.1.3. Collect and collate
➢ ED
➢ Support from oil companies,
➢ SI energy balance established
$909,810.13
relevant energy consumption
➢ National Planning
Customs Department,
➢ EE targets established
data to identify energy trends
➢ MMERE
government ministries
➢ SI centralised database portal established
and inefficiencies and develop
➢ Customs
➢ Realistic EE targets developed
EE targets
➢ Petroleum companies
and implemented
1.1.4.Development of awareness materials
➢ ED
➢ Civil societies
➢ EE and EC awareness materials developed and printed
➢ Printed copies of posters, booklets and pamphlets available in English and local languages
$474,683.54
GOVERNMENT-LED INITIATIVES
Activities
Stakeholders
Planned outputs
Indicator of achievement
Cost (SBD)
1.1.5 . Carry out energy audits in buildings of the 27 ministries
➢ 27 ministries and staff
➢ SIEA
➢ ED
➢ Energy audits undertaken in government buildings of the 27 ministries.
➢ Five energy audits per year undertaken
➢ Energy audit reports for the government buildings available
$961,234.18
1.1.6. Conservation efforts in government buildings
➢ 27 ministries and staff
➢ SIEA
➢ ED
➢ Half-day workshop on EE initiatives undertaken,
targeting government ministries
➢ Awareness materials disseminated
➢ Government competition on EE initiatives undertaken
➢ At least 30 participants attended the workshop
➢ Support and active participation
from the government ministries in undertaking EE and EC initiatives
➢ Increased knowledge and awareness of EE and EC initiatives enhanced from accessing the disseminated materials2
➢ Top four energy efficient buildings
identified, with the winners announced
➢ Target savings in electricity consumption achieved from the government ministries
$395,569.62
1.1.6. EE efforts in government buildings
➢ 27 ministries and staff
➢ SIEA
➢ ED
➢ Replacement of 4 ft
tube lights to LED type undertaken
➢ Cooling load improvements in government buildings
undertaken
➢ Office appliance
improvement and retrofits undertaken
➢ 11076 tube lights replaced as part of the lighting improvement programme
➢ Target savings in electricity consumption in cooling loads achieved from the
government ministries
➢ Target savings in electricity consumption for the office appliance improvement
achieved from the government ministries
$13,747,191.16
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRY- LED INITIATIVES
Activities
Stakeholders
Planned outputs
Indicator of achievement
Cost (SBD)
1.1.7 Energy survey of major commercial and industrial
buildings
➢ ED
➢ Commercial and
industrial buildings
➢ Commercial and industrial buildings surveyed
➢ At least 600 buildings from the commercial and industrial sector surveyed
$158,227.85
1.1.8 Workshop on enabling
➢ ED
➢ Workshop undertaken
➢ At least 30 participants attended the
$37,822.78
financial initiatives
➢ Commercial and
workshop
and mechanisms for EE
development banks
➢ Successful involvement of the banks as
improvements
➢ Private sector – civil
part of the retrofit loan programme
engineers, retailers,
hotels
2 This activity will include having a survey undertaken in 2014 to gauge the knowledge of government workers on EE and EC initiatives. A follow-up survey or annual surveys will be undertaken to gauge progress.
1.2.5 Household electricity bill ➢
rebate initiative
SIEA
➢
Programme endorsed and implemented
➢ Software and equipment procured and used $4,781,835.44 by SIEA
➢ At least 1000 households are awarded by the bill rebate awards
1.2.6 Household energy efficient ➢
retrofit loans ➢
ED
Bank
➢
Programme endorsed and implemented
➢ Loan financing arrangement handled by the $791,139.24 bank
➢ At least 50 households benefited from the loan scheme
Policy Statement 3: Encourage energy efficiency in appliances, equipment and technologies
Strategy 3.1: Ensure there are appropriate standards, guidelines and tax incentives for the use of energy efficient appliances, equipment and technologies
3.1.1 Develop through legislation of minimum energy performance
standards and labelling for electrical appliances, such as fridges, freezers, air conditioning units and lights
➢ ED
➢ SIEA
➢ AG’s Chambers
➢ Customs
Department
➢ SPC
➢
➢
Relevant acts (Electricity Act & Customs Act) amended and enforced
Record of imports of energy- efficient products at Customs Department
➢ Legislation supporting MEPS and $10,255,610.89 labelling is in place and enforced
3.1.2 Identify and implement tax incentives for energy-efficient
appliances, equipment and technologies
➢ ED
➢ SIEA
➢ Customs
Department
Ministry of Finance
➢ Ministry of
Infrastructure and Development
➢ Land Transport Authority
➢ SPC
➢
➢
Assessment of government taxes
on energy-efficient appliances and technologies
Review of the existing legislation to integrate energy-efficient
appliances, equipment and technologies
➢ Tax incentives in place on the use of $118,670.89 energy efficient vehicles including LPG
vehicles
➢ Tax incentives for energy efficient appliances, equipment, and
technologies
3.1.3 Collaborate with relevant agencies on the use of efficient
cooking and heating technologies
➢ Department of Energy
➢ NGOs
➢ Ministries of Agriculture,
Environment,
Health, Education
➢
➢
Construction of efficient biomass cooking stoves is taught at
vocational rural training centres A pilot biogas demonstration is constructed
➢ At least 4,000 households are using $791,139.24 energy efficient biomass stoves in
urban centres
Table 1: Implementation plan and timeline
Activities 2014 2015 2016 2017
2018
2019
ELECTRICITY SECTOR
Supply side activities Develop and Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing (relevant to the electric sector implement
urban sub-sector) activities
Ongoing
Ongoing
GOVERNMENT-LED INITIATIVES
Data collection & collation Collect electricity/ Ongoing data Develop EE and EC Ongoing data
Ongoing data collection
Ongoing
energy sector data collection targets collection and
and collation and finalise
for govt and other collation and refine
EE targets for inclusion
sectors EE targets
in the 2020 revised
strategy
Government awareness Develop and Awareness in Continuously Continuously
Ongoing awareness
Ongoing awareness
implement all 27 ministries improve campaign improve campaign to
awareness completed to raise awareness raise awareness for
campaigns for for government government workers
all government workers
agencies
1-3 months demo at MMERE on Demo completed & efficient lights savings quantified
Strengthening capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing SIG energy initiatives
Workshop to Proposal for funding Workshop convened
roll out the EE is developed once
initiatives and strategy approved by
programmes Cabinet
Training of energy Training of energy Training of energy Training of energy staff and
staff staff staff and private private sectors sectors
Training of energy staff and private sectors
Training of
energy staff and private sectors
Hiring of energy Hire of attaches Hire of attaches Hire of attaches attaches
Attaches recruited by ED
Recruitment of EE Energy specialist Energy specialist Energy specialist recruited
specialist recruited recruited
Energy specialist recruited
Energy specialist recruited
Procurement of Procurement of energy Procurement of energy auditing auditing equipment energy auditing equipment equipment
Energy data Energy data collection Ongoing Ongoing Ongoing collection
activities for the central database
Ongoing Ongoing
Establishment Central Database Central database Central database maintained and
of SI central developed maintained and updated database portal updated
Central database maintained Central database and updated maintained and
updated
Development Advocacy materials Advocacy materials Advocacy materials Advocacy materials disseminated of advocacy developed disseminated disseminated
materials
Advocacy materials Advocacy
disseminated materials
disseminated
Energy audits for Undertake EE workshop Audit commences Ongoing audit and Ongoing audit and implement 27 ministries in the SI targeting with 5 audits per implement audit audit recommendation
government sectors year recommendation
Ongoing audit and Ongoing
implement audit audit and
recommendation implement audit recommendation
Prepare policy High-level Ministries to begin Ongoing implementation
Ongoing implementation Ongoing
brief for reduction endorsement on implementing
and evaluation implementation
in energy reduction in energy reduction strategies
and evaluation
consumption of use
all government
offices
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INITIATIVES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Energy survey of major Roll out of energy Reports drafted on Reports drafted on Reports drafted on
commercial and industrial surveys for energy consumption energy consumption energy consumption
buildings commercial and per building per building per building
industrial buildings
Workshop on enabling financial Planning of Workshop delivered
initiatives for EE improvements workshop using – using case study
at residential, commercial and data collected on and buildings
industrial buildings audited
Energy audit of Commercial and Energy audits Energy audits Energy audits industrial buildings
Energy audits Energy audits
EE initiatives in the commercial Implement energy Implement energy Implement energy
and industrial sectors audit reports audit reports audit reports
Implement energy audit Implement energy reports audit reports
PUBLIC AWARENESS – RESIDENTIAL SECTOR
Awareness campaign Awareness on Commence general Improve campaigns Improve campaigns labelling and energy awareness to raise awareness to raise awareness standards to in Honiara and the
commence provinces with public launches
Continue to refine Improve campaigns to and conduct raise awareness
campaigns to raise awareness
Table 2: Priority activities
POWER UTILITIES (relates to electric urban sub-sector activities)
Increase power generation efficiency and reduce losses
Carry out supply side management activities, including auditing of SIEA power station and installations of cooling systems and new generators
GOVERNMENT LED INITIATIVES
Extensive data collection and collation
Energy audits of government-owned buildings
➢ Government energy awareness programmes
➢ Lighting improvements
➢ Mentoring and strengthening capacity of government officials on implementation of this strategy.
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL SECTOR INITIATIVES
Energy auditing, cooling load improvements – building insulation and AC unit retrofits, monitoring and EC efforts, EE improvements
– equipment retrofits and lighting improvements and capacity development
PUBLIC AWARENESS – RESIDENTIAL SECTOR
➢ Energy awareness programmes in Honiara and provincial centres
➢ Tax incentives on the use of energy-efficient lights
➢ Household energy efficient retrofit loan systems established
➢ Household electricity bill rebate initiative
APPLIANCE AND LABELLING PROGRAMMES, EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGIES
➢ Energy labelling and standards for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioners;
➢ Tax incentives on the use of energy efficient vehicles (including LPG vehicles) and cooking technologies
3.8 Energy efficiency targets
The level of EE in Solomon Islands is, as elsewhere, characterised by many different factors; no single indicator can provide a complete picture of a nation’s energy efficiency. In 2012 the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy analysed the energy efficiency levels of 12 of the world’s largest economies using 27 qualitative and quantitative indicators to provide an indication of overall EE in these countries. The indicators cover four main areas: national efforts, buildings, industry and transportation. SPC’s Framework for Action on Energy Security in the Pacific (FAESP) developed 36 indicators of which five relate to EE. These indicators include energy intensity of the economy (MJ/USD), electric power generation efficiency (kWh/l), distribution losses (%), the existence and scope of appliance labelling, and the existence and scope of mandated EE standards.
In 2010 the United Nations Secretary General launched the Sustainable Energy for All initiative with three complementary objectives to be achieved by 2030. One of the objectives is to double the rate of improvement in energy efficiency.
Whilst government recognises the importance of EE, there is currently a lack of EE data to establish meaningful targets. Comprehensive data collection and establishing national efficiency targets will be carried out as part of this strategy. These targets and implementation plan will be included in the revised strategy from 2020 and beyond.
SIEA presented the following plans and activities at the National Energy Forum conducted as part of developing this strategy.
➢ Improve on the cooling radiators for the LT Wartisila Lungga generators (gain 2.5 Mw).
➢ Carry out major overhauls on L10 Niigata, L9 Mitsubishi and L8 Wartsila.
➢ Install 2 x 1.5 Mw diesel generators at Honiara Power Station by December 2013.
➢ Install 2 x 5.0 Mw diesel generators at Lungga Power Station by 2015/2016.
➢ Carry out energy auditing at main stations in Lungga to reduce station energy usages.
According to SIEA Kema report 2012, SIEA’s system energy losses are 22.91% of annual generation, which is a very high percentage. These losses are used here as baseline data and energy supply side targets that SIEA could improve on. A summary of energy efficiency targets from supply side management is provided in Table 5.
[...]
Study of the costs and benefits of introducing fiscal or financial incentives for energy-efficient
appliances and vehicles
$118,670.89
na
$118,670.89
Associated cost to undertake study. Travel and DSA – USD 5,000; fees – USD 10,000.
Efficient biomass stove cooking
$791,139.24
na
$791,139.24
4,000 households using energy-efficient biomass EZY stoves at a cost of USD 25 per EZY stove by 2019.
$11,165,421
4.0. Energy efficiency policies, strategies and outcomes
Within the five years of implementing the policy strategies, a number of outcomes are expected.
Policy 1 : Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures in the electricity sector
Strategy 1.1: Encourage supply side management
O1.1: Improve diesel power generation efficiency by at least 4 kWh/l from 2009 level1
Policy 2: Promote energy efficiency and conservation measures in the government, residential, commercial and business sectors
Strategy 2.1: Encourage demand side management and ensure transformation towards a more efficient use of energy
O2.1: Reduce electricity consumption in government services by 20% from 2012 level, while increasing efficiency of service delivery by 2019
O2.2: Build a sufficient body of expertise within government in order to develop and achieve national energy efficiency targets by 2019
O2.3 Reduce electricity consumption in domestic and households level by 10% from 2012 level O2.4 Reduce electricity consumption in commercial services by 5% from 2012 level
O2.5 Reduce electricity consumption in industrial services by 5% from 2012 level Strategy 2.2: Ensure wider public engagement in energy efficiency
O2.6 Increase nationwide levels of awareness, leading to strong demand for energy efficiency products and services
O2.7 Include course materials on energy efficiency and conservation in the education system in primary and secondary schools by 2019
Policy 3: Encourage energy efficiency in appliances, equipment and technologies
Strategy 3.1: Ensure there are appropriate standards, guidelines and tax incentives for the use of energy- efficient appliances, equipment and technologies
O3.1: By 2019, realise electricity savings of 2.56 GWh per year from mandatory implementation of
minimum energy performance standards and energy labelling for freezers, refrigerators, lights and air conditioning units
O3.2: By 2019, fully realise incentives for the purchase and use of efficient vehicles and cooking technologies
1 Please note this is SSM and actual activities and costs are captured in the SIEA power plan and strategic action plan and are not included in the strategy due to lack of data obtained from SIEA.
Part 4: Energy Efficiency Investment Plan
4.1 Summary of investments required
The investments required to implement the initiatives identified under the EE-EC-SIP actions (Part 3.0) are presented in Ta b l e s 9 t o 1 2 , which also illustrate the funding requirements for these investments to take place. The identified proposals will require the involvement not just of MMERE, but also the Ministry of Finance (MOF), the Ministry of Education (MOE), SIEA, oil and gas companies, commercial businesses, NGOs and others, and co-ordinating this will require strong leadership from the EAC, which will be established to oversee the implementation of the SINEP policy and strategy and monitor progress. By working together to implement these plans, all involved in the sector can contribute to a step change in delivery of EE services for all Solomon Islanders.
Table 7: Prospective investments for government-led initiatives, businesses and industries on energy efficiency
Leading agencies
responsible and participating agencies
ED, Heads of Ministries, EAC members
SIEA, staff of all 27 ministries, private sector, MOE, businesses and industries
Background/ Rationale
Energy usage and expenditure is very high due to high oil prices and reliance on fuel imports. As hydro- electricity schemes will not be commissioned before 2017, in the short term demand can be reduced
by promoting EE and EC measures in order to meet the goal of reducing the cost of energy supply. Government can take the lead in identifying where EE measures can be implemented and demonstrate the benefits, especially cost savings.
Objectives
➢ To reduce energy use in government buildings, businesses and industries
➢ To assist in promotion of EE and EC by government acting as a leader and demonstrating the benefits
Scope of work
a) Carry out energy audits for 27 ministries and implement audit recommendations progressively
b) Prepare policy brief for all ministries to replace lights with efficient ones
c) Collect relevant energy data to identify trends and inefficiencies and develop national EE targets
d) Prepare policy brief for achieving reduction in electricity consumption of all government offices by the determined appropriate target e.g. 10%
e) Conduct government awareness programmes
f) Strengthen capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing SIG energy initiatives
g) Prospective investments for government-led initiatives on EE
h) Prospective investments for initiatives on EE led by the commercial and industrial sectors
i) Facilitate energy auditing in institutions and commercial/industry buildings and showcase energy savings on GHG emissions and money
Benefits
➢ Reduced energy use and fuel bills to government ministries, and therefore reduced cost of running government to taxpayers
➢ An example set to businesses and the public of energy-efficient appliances, contributing to raised awareness
➢ Reduced fuel import, use and emissions
Alignment with
NDS
Will contribute to NDS Objective 6:
a) To reduce costs and protect the environment, ensure fuel conservation and efficiency in end use of petroleum products
b) Reduce energy costs by promoting EE and EC, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and promotion of
energy-efficient technology and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption
Estimated cost
➢ Strengthening capacity and resources for the Energy Office in implementing the SI-EE- EC
-SIP: SBD 4,750,791.14
➢ Prospective investment for government-led initiatives on EE: SBD 15,103,994.96
➢ Prospective investments for initiatives on EE led by the commercial and industrial sectors: SBD 10,085,291.14
Implementation period
2014–2019
Potential funding
SIG, SIEA, SPC, private sector, bilateral and international donors
Table 8: Public awareness investments in the residential sector
Responsible agency
ED, SIEA, provincial councils, NGOs, private sector
Background/ Rationale
The efficient utilisation of energy and discouraging wasteful and non-productive patterns of
energy consumption are vital for a country that is highly dependent on imported energy sources.
Public awareness of EE and EC is very low and programmes are needed to educate people on energy saving behaviour.
Objectives
To increase public awareness of EE and EC practices, resulting in:
i. lower fuel bills for consumers;
ii. reduced total fuel use generating electricity; and
iii. increase in consumers choosing to purchase energy efficient products.
Scope of work
a) Awareness raising campaigns to explain the benefits of saving energy and how people can do it. To be conducted through radio talk back shows, pamphlets, TV adverts,
road shows, in local languages for rural and urban areas. Awareness to include public launches
b) Conduct supply and demand side management activities
c) EE and EC to be integrated into school curriculum
Benefits
➢ Fuel savings by SIEA and reduced growth in demand for fuel imports
➢ Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
➢ Reduction in consumer electricity bills
➢ A more energy aware public
Alignment with
NDS and Energy Policy
Will contribute to NDS Objective 6:
a) To reduce costs and protect the environment, ensure fuel conservation and efficiency in end use of petroleum products
b) Reduce energy costs by promoting EE and EC, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and
promotion of energy efficient technology, and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption
Estimated cost
➢ Awareness campaign at national and provincial level and mainstreaming into RE and national energy workshops: SBD 411,392.41
➢ Integrating EE into school curriculum: SBD 158,227.85
➢ Awareness advocacy – national events and seminars:SBD 791,139.24
➢ Awareness advocacy – TV and radio advertisements: SBD 949,367.09
➢ Buy one get one free CFL light bulb initiative: SBD 744,541.17
➢ Household electricity bill rebate initiative: SBD 4,781,835.44
➢ Household energy efficient retrofit loans: SBD 791,139.24
Implementation period
2014–2019
Potential funding
SIG, SIEA, private sector, development partners, submissions to GEF -6
Table 9: Regulations and standards investments for appliance and labelling programmes and activities
Responsible agency
ED, SIEA, all 27 Heads of ministries and staff, Ministry of Finance
Background/ Rationale
Appliances used in Solomon Islands presently are generally very inefficient in their energy
usage and standards are not currently in place for appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, air conditioning units. The NDS (2011–2020) highlighted the efficient use of energy and promotion of energy conservation measures as part of its policy and strategy for energy. There is no fiscal
incentive such as tax rebate or reduced import duty on imports of efficient LED lights or energy labelled refrigerators or freezers and air-conditioners. Neither is there a national standard for
MEPS.
Objectives
➢ To prevent highly inefficient appliances and vehicles from entering and being traded in Solomon Islands
➢ To ensure staff enforcing standards are trained to monitor appliances against the relevant standard effectively
➢ To prevent sub-standard products from entering local markets
Scope of projects
a) Adopt through legislation minimum energy performance standards and labelling for electrical appliances such as fridges, freezers, air conditioning units and lights.
b) Review the Electricity Act to include EE standards and labelling and regulate imports of appliances through the Customs Act.
c) Train customs staff in enforcement of standards for regulated and prohibited items.
d) Commission a study of the costs and benefits of introducing fiscal or financial
incentives for energy-efficient appliances (for appliances not covered under (a)) and vehicles.
e) Develop partnerships to promote energy-efficient technologies for cooking and heating.
Benefits
➢ Fewer energy inefficient appliances being used in Solomon Islands, with resulting benefits of reduced fuel use and power demand
➢ Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
➢ Reduction in consumer electricity bills
➢ Greater business understanding of the long-term savings that can be made through investing in energy efficient appliances and technologies
➢ Reduced costs of doing business
➢ Fewer trees cut down
➢ Improved health related to cooking with efficient biomass stoves
Alignment with NDS
Will contribute to NDS Objective 6:
a) To reduce costs and protect the environment, ensure fuel conservation and efficiency in end-use of petroleum products
b) To reduce energy costs by promoting EE and EC, in the context of the introduction of product standards for appliances, including appliance labelling, EE ratings and
promotion of energy-efficient technology and ensure minimal negative environmental impacts of energy production, distribution and consumption on the environment
Estimated cost
➢ Appliance labelling and standards programme (includes training and legislation development): SBD 10,255.610
➢ Study of the costs and benefits of introducing fiscal or financial incentives for energy-efficient appliances and efficient vehicles: SBD 118,670.89
➢ Scaling up the use of biomass stoves SBD 791,139.24
Implementation period
2014–2019
Potential funding
PALS –AUSAid/ SPC, SIG, ROC & GEF-6
[...]
Energy Efficiency & Energy Conversation: Strategy & Investment Plan (2014–2019)
Energy Division
Ministry of Mines, Energy and Rural Electrification
P.O Box G37, Honiara, Solomon Islands
© Copyright Solomon Islands Government