Meta Data
Title in national language: 
能源发展“十二五”规划
Draft: 
No
Revision of previous policy?: 
No
Draft Year: 
2013
Effective Start Year: 
2013
Effective End Year: 
2015
Scope: 
National
Document Type: 
Plan/Strategy
Economic Sector: 
Energy, Power
Energy Types: 
All, Coal, Oil, Power, Gas, Nuclear, Renewable, Bioenergy, Geothermal, Hydropower, Solar, Wave and Tidal, Wind, Other
Issued by: 
State Council of China
Overall Summary: 
The energy development plan is drafted in accordance with the 12th FYP for social and economic development with an aim to facilitate a change of energy production and utilization, adjust energy structure, and construct a safe, stable, economic and clean modern energy system. It serves as the blueprint and action plan of energy development in the 12th five-year period of China. Contents cover guiding ideology, fundamental principles, development goals, primary tasks and policy measures.
Access
Energy access priorities: 
---By 2015[...]power should be supplied in all villages for all the population without electricity. The electricity prices for the urban and rural areas should be the same.
Energy access action plan: 
To realize same grid and same price for rural and urban residents, China decides to implement a new round of rural power grid upgrading. --Speed up the implementation of a new round of rural power grid upgrading project to eliminate the weak links in the power grid, to expand the coverage of the power grid, to enhance the rural power supply reliability and power supply capacity, therefore to protect the agricultural production and to resolve the electricity problems in rural areas.
Clean cooking solutions: 
Promote the development and utilization of renewable energy such as small hydropower, agricultural and forestry wastes-to-energy, solar energy and wind energy, and related practical technologies in order to promote the efficient use of rural cooking, heating and bathing in combination with rural resource conditions and energy use habits.
Efficiency
EE priorities: 
Accelerate energy conservation measures/actions in the field of transportation
EE targets: 
Enhance control of both energy consumption intensity and total amount. By 2015, total energy consumption is expected to be controlled at 4 billion metric ton equivalent of coal, electricity consumption at 6.15 PWh (10^15Wh). Besides, reduce energy use per unit GDP by 16% compared to 2010, increase energy comprehensive utilization rate to 38%, reduce standard coal consumption rate of thermal power plants to 323g/kWh, reduce comprehensive energy consumption of oil refining process down to 63kg/metric ton oil equivalent.---[...]By 2015, the national total energy consumption and electricity consumption should be controlled at 4 billion tons of coal and 6.15 trillion kwh[...]
EE action plans: 
[...]improve the energy efficiency of new buildings, to speed up the existing building and urban heating pipe network energy-saving transformation, implement heat metering and energy consumption quota management, focus on increasing proportion of renewable energy such as solar energy, geothermal energy in building energy, and implement a system to public building energy consumption quota management, energy efficiency publicity, etc[...]
EE industry standards: 
Strengthen the industrial energy conservation[...]establish national mandatory standards for the consumption of key industries, increase elimination of backward production capacity[...]
EE building standards: 
[...]Strengthen building energy efficiency, promote green building standards, evaluation and labeling[...]
EE transport standards : 
Focusing on research and development of high-performance power battery and energy storage facilities, establish new energy vehicles equipment manufacturing, certification, testing and supporting standard system. ---[...]Accelerate transportation energy conservation, The gradual implementation of the world's advanced level of fuel economy limit standards to promote energy-saving and new energy vehicles[...].
Renewable Energy
RE priorities: 
Optimize the layout of wind power development, and orderly promote the construction of wind power resources in rich regions such as North China, Northeast China and Northwest China, and accelerate the development and utilization of wind energy resources. Coordinate the development of supporting power grid and wind power construction, reasonable layout of energy storage facilities, the establishment of wind power grid operation to ensure the power dispatch system. Actively carry out offshore wind power project demonstration, and promote the scale of offshore wind power development. Accelerate the diversification of solar energy utilization, promote the merger and reorganization of photovoltaic industry and optimization and upgrading, and vigorously promote the combination of building and photovoltaic power generation, improve the scale of distributed use[...].---Accelerate the development of building integrated solar energy applications, to encourage solar power, heating and cooling, solar high-temperature industrial applications. Orderly development of biomass energy, non-grain fuel ethanol and biodiesel as the focus, accelerate the development of bio-liquid fuel. Encourage the use of municipal waste, large-scale farm waste construction of biogas for power generation projects. According to local conditions, use crop stalks and forestry residues for biomass production, biomass power development, gasified and solid biofuel. Steady progress of geothermal energy, ocean energy and other renewable energy development and utilization. ---Encourage the use of municipal waste, large-scale farm waste construction of bio gas or power generation projects
RE targets: 
China seeks to optimize energy structure by raising non-fossil energy consumption to 11.4% among total energy consumption, and increase installed capacity from non-fossil sources to 30%. By 2015, increase installed capacity of regular hydropower and hydro pumped storage station to 260 GW and 30 GW respectively. Nuclear power installed capacity reaches 40 GW, with 18 GW in operation. For other renewables' installed power capacity target, wind power is 100 GW, solar power is 21 GW, biomass power is 13 GW and municipal solid waste reaches 3 GW.
RE action plans: 
Coordinate the development of supporting power grid and wind power construction, reasonable layout of energy storage facilities, the establishment of wind power grid operation to ensure the power dispatch system. Actively carry out offshore wind power project demonstration, and promote the scale of offshore wind power development. Accelerate the diversification of solar energy utilization, promote the merger and reorganization of photovoltaic industry and optimization and upgrading, and vigorously promote the combination of building and photovoltaic power generation, improve the scale of distributed use[...].
Environment
Pollution level targets, PM10, PM2.5, SOx, NOx: 
PM2.5 emission intensity due to energy development and utilization fall by more than 30% by 2015 relative to 2010. Decrease per kWh coal power sulfur dioxide emissions to 1.5g, nitrogen oxide emission to 1.5 g. --Strengthen the construction of energy supply infrastructure for the development of new energy Auto industry to provide the necessary conditions and support to promote the transport fuel clean alternative (CNG / LNG) to reduce greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions.
GHG emissions reduction targets: 
Reduce CO2 intensity by 17% at 2015, compared to 2010 level.
Pollution control action plans: 
Strengthen the construction of energy supply infrastructure for the development of new energy Auto industry to provide the necessary conditions and support to promote the transport fuel clean alternative (CNG / LNG) to reduce greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions. --Encourage the use of municipal waste, large-scale farm waste construction of bio gas or power generation projects.
Decarbonization strategy: 
Vigorously develop public transport.
Land use change for energy production purposes: 
Increase reclamation of coal mine land to more than 60%.
Cooperation in env.: 
[...]Make full use of the multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms on international energy to strengthen exchanges and dialogue on energy security, energy conservation, climate change and clean energy development, promote the establishment of a fair and rational global energy order and ensure energy security[...]
Pricing
Energy taxation: 
Accelerate the reform of energy resources tax, and gradually rationalize the state and the development of the main, central and local resource income distribution. Promote comprehensive reform of coal taxes and fees, clean up all kinds of illegal fees, the progressive implementation of resource tax from the price of taxable. Strengthen energy consumption link tax regulation, consummate fossil energy consumption tax, accelerate the environmental protection tax legislation work.
Energy pricing: 
By 2015,[...]the electricity prices for the urban and rural areas should be the same. [A]ccelerate the reform of electricity prices, and gradually form a price mechanism in which the electricity prices are determined by the market, and transmission and distribution prices by the government. Increase the power transmission and distribution business and cost supervision, approved independent transmission and distribution prices. And improve the pricing mechanism of hydropower, nuclear power and renewable energy[...]. ---Promote the Reform of Sales Tariff Classification. Vigorously promote the peak and valley electricity prices, seasonal electricity prices, interruptible load price and other electricity price system. Promote the industrial users according to the implementation of industrial policy of differential pricing and excessive energy consumption punitive tariffs, the implementation and improvement of the residents ladder pricing system.]
Energy Supply and Infrastructure
Energy supply priorities: 
To enhance energy security, improve emergency adjustment capability, China aims to achieve primary energy supply level of 4.3 billion metric ton of coal equivalent, of which 3.66 billion metric ton of coal equivalent comes from domestic production. Control oil foreign dependence less than 61%.---Increase domestic energy resources exploration efforts to optimize the development of conventional fossil fuels, to consolidate the energy supply base. Make efforts to break through the coal bed methane, shale gas and other unconventional oil and gas resources development technology bottlenecks, vigorously develop non-fossil energy, cultivate new energy supply growth pole. ---According to the technical base, development potential and development trend of the emerging energy industry, focusing on distributed energy, smart grid and new energy vehicle energy supply facilities, vigorously promote new energy supply modes, and promote energy production and change the ways of use. Optimize the layout and structure of the reserves and storages, build the second phase of the national oil storage base, start the third phase of the project, and promote the diversification of oil storage. Actively promote the oil storage emergency response[...] ---Accelerate the construction of national coal emergency storage in coastal areas, along the Yangtze River ports and in the east, central and southwestern regions, encourage key enterprises and enterprises to improve their storage capacity, and steadily push forward local emergency capacity building.
Energy mix: 
The proportion of non-fossil energy consumption should be increased to 11.4%, non-fossil energy power generation installed capacity to 30%. Natural gas proportion in primary energy consumption should be increased to 7.5%, coal consumption down to 65%.
Infrastructure development priorities: 
Accelerate infrastructure construction of energy storage and transportation. Speed up construction of three main land route of crude oil import pipeline (China-Kazakhstan, China-Russia, China-Myanmar) and coastal large-scale crude oil unloading port. Also speed up construction of four main natural gas import channels (China-Central Asia, China-Russia, China-Myanmar, Coastal). During 12th FYP period, China targets to add 8400 km pipeline for crude oil, 21000 km for refined oil, 44000 km for natural gas pipeline.--- In terms of primary energy consumption, by 2015, increase natural gas ratio to 7.5% while reduce coal share to around 65%. In terms of electricity, adhere to coal and electricity transmission simultaneously and gradually increase share of electricity transmission. --- Facilitate construction of five comprehensive energy bases (Shanxi, Erdos basin, East of Inner Mongolia, Southwest of China, and Xinjiang). By 2015, it is expected to have 2.66 billion metric ton of coal equivalent primary energy coming from these five energy bases, accounting for more than 70% of national total. Besides, primary energy supply from these five energy bases is expected to take up 90% of cross-province supply, at 1.37 billion metric ton of coal equivalent. ---Strengthen the construction of energy supply infrastructure for the development of new energy Auto industry to provide the necessary conditions and support to promote the transport fuel clean alternative (CNG / LNG) to reduce greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions. Support the construction of charging pile, power charging stations, natural gas filling stations and other service outlets. Focusing on research and development of high-performance power battery and energy storage facilities, establish new energy vehicles equipment manufacturing, certification, testing and supporting standard system. [...] ---Accelerate the construction of smart grids, and strengthen the capacity of the grid to carry on and adapt to the new energy generation, distributed energy, electric vehicles, etc. [...]Speed up the promotion and application of smart grid technology and equipment to enhance the grid information, automation and interaction level, improve the renewable energy, distributed energy and network transmission capacity. ---[D]uring the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the new natural gas pipeline should be increased 44,000 km, and coastal liquefied natural gas receiving capacity should be more than 50 million tons. ---[D]uring the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the new constructed oil pipeline should be 8400 km, the new oil pipeline 21,000 km, annual oil product delivery capacity 190 million tons. -- speed up the development of[...]pipeline transportation, reduce coal and other bulk cargo road long-distance transport.
Cross-border energy infrastructure: 
Speed up construction of three main land route of crude oil import pipeline (China-Kazakhstan, China-Russia, China-Myanmar) and coastal large-scale crude oil unloading port. Also speed up construction of four main natural gas import channels (China-Central Asia, China-Russia, China-Myanmar, Coastal).
Trade
Energy trade priorities: 
Optimize energy trade structure. Focus on crude oil and supplement with refined oil, consolidate and explore import channels, enlarge scale of oil trade, and increase share of pipeline import of oil and gas.
Investment
Energy sector investment priorities: 
Diversify investment in infrastructure construction of power grid, oil and gas.---[...]Improve the renewable energy funds to support the system, increase the support to the distribution of energy and unconventional energy development. Continue to arrange investment in the central budget to support the transformation and upgrading of rural power grids, power construction in areas without electricity, the safety of coal mines, the national oil storage base, independent innovation of energy, strategic emerging industries, energy saving and emission reduction areas, the establishment of a long-term mechanism input in no-power areas such as Tibet, Xinjiang and other border areas. ---Strengthen the convergence of credit policy and energy industry policy. Ensure the innovative financial products and services, in order to facilitate the diversification of energy investment. Broaden the channels of investment and financing of enterprises, improve the proportion of direct financing of energy enterprises.
Independent power producers: 
Speed up the establishment of modern power market system, and steadily carry out separate transmission and distribution pilot, establish independent power trading institutions within the regional and provincial power grid level, formulate market trading platform to encourage corporations between independent power distribution companies and power producers.
Investment climate development: 
Encourage foreign investment participating in exploration of complicated oil and gas field and deep-water oil and gas field. Relax financing access restriction to encourage private capital and foreign investment participating in non-forbidden energy areas. ---Relax financing access restriction to encourage private capital and foreign investment participating in non-forbidden energy areas. -----To further relax energy and financing access restrictions to encourage private capital into the energy laws and regulations are not explicitly banned into the field to encourage foreign capital in accordance with laws and regulations and foreign investment in industrial policies to participate in energy investment and promote power grid, oil and gas pipeline network infrastructure investment diversification . Shale gas, shale oil and other mineral block tender as a breakthrough, to allow eligible non-state capital to enter, to promote the formation of a competitive development mechanism. Standardize the circulation market order, steadily promote the oil distribution market.
Bidding and Tendering: 
--Focusing on shale gas, shale oil and other mineral as main field, organise call for bids and allow eligible non-state capital to enter in energy markets, therefore to promote and formulate a competitive development mechanism. Standardize the circulation market order, steadily promote the oil distribution market.
Governance
Energy management principles: 
China is carrying out energy system mechanism reform, especially in the key areas of power, oil and gas, including marketizing energy price, improving energy tax mechanism, build a set of sound energy codes and regulation. ---Create an institutional policy environment for the development of distributed energy. [...]innovate institutional mechanisms to study the development of distributed energy standards, improve the decentralized energy price mechanism and industrial policy, and strive to achieve direct distribution of non-discriminatory power generation, barrier-free access to power grids. ---Accelerate the introduction of energy law, to complete the coal law as soon as possible, set up power law and amendment, and codes about oil, natural gas, nuclear energy and others[...].
M&E of policy implementation: 
Build a systematic scientific, clear energy strategic planning and industrial policy system, improve the implementation of monitoring and evaluation of the adjustment mechanism. Monitor and supervise the whole process of energy planning, construction, production, operation, consumption and other aspects of the implementation of the policy[...]
Statistics collection and management: 
To promote the energy industry statistics, monitoring, forecasting and early warning capacity-building, the establishment of information sharing platform, to build conducive to macro-control and industry management of the energy industry statistical system.
Technology
Clean energy technology priorities: 
According to the technical base, development potential and development trend of the emerging energy industry, focusing on distributed energy, smart grid and new energy vehicle energy supply facilities, vigorously promote new energy supply ways, and promote energy production and change the ways of use.
Clean energy technology deployment: 
Actively develop small-scale hydro according to local conditions, better arrange design of hydro pumped storage power plants. In terms of nuclear power, insist a three step technical route of thermal reactor, fast reactor and fusion, put a priority on million kilowatt advanced pressurized water reactor, meanwhile actively develop other advanced technologies such as high temperature gas cooled reactor, business fast reactors and small reactors. ---Strengthen the construction of energy supply infrastructure for the development of new energy Auto industry to provide the necessary conditions and support to promote the transport fuel clean alternative (CNG / LNG) to reduce greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions. Support the construction of charging pile, power charging stations, natural gas filling stations and other service outlets. Focusing on research and development of high-performance power battery and energy storage facilities, establish new energy vehicles equipment manufacturing, certification, testing and supporting standard system. [...] ---According to the technical base, development potential and development trend of the emerging energy industry, focusing on distributed energy, smart grid and new energy vehicle energy supply facilities, vigorously promote new energy supply ways, and promote energy production and change the ways of use. ---[...] Accelerate the development of advanced and applicable technologies, and perfect the technology promotion and application system. High-efficiency clean power generation, a new generation of nuclear power, offshore wind power, solar thermal power generation, high-capacity high-efficiency long-distance transmission, large-capacity energy storage, high-capacity energy storage[...] ---Accelerate the implementation of urban and rural power distribution network construction and renovation projects, and promote intelligent power distribution transformation, comprehensively improve the comprehensive power supply capacity and reliability. By 2015, the completion of 330 kV and above transmission lines 200,000 km, inter-provincial transmission capacity of 200 million kilowatts.
Gas-to-power technology: 
Strengthen exploration and development of coal-bed gas and shale gas. Speed up investigation and evaluation of shale gas resource reserves. In eastern region, develop gas steam combined cycle power plant rationally, actively promote heating, cooling and power combined natural gas projects.
Low-emission and cleaner coal technology: 
Speed up coal mine upgrade, implement coal mine safety production standardization, construct digital coal mine automation, utilize technologies such as ultra-supercritical, circulating fluid bed, high-efficient water-saving technologies in Central and West regions with rich coal resources.
Low-emission and cleaner oil technology: 
Establish several large-scale and intensive oil refining base, to form three main oil refining groups in Bohai Rim, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.
Natural gas transportation technology: 
During 12th FYP period, China targets to add 8400 km pipeline for crude oil, 21000 km for refined oil, 44000 km for natural gas pipeline. --Support the construction of charging pile, power charging stations, natural gas filling stations and other service outlets. -- speed up the development of[...]pipeline transportation, reduce coal and other bulk cargo road long-distance transport. ---[D]uring the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the new constructed oil pipeline should be 8400 km, the new oil pipeline 21,000 km, annual oil product delivery capacity 190 million tons.
R&D pollution abatement: 
Focusing on research and development of high-performance power battery and energy storage facilities, establish new energy vehicles equipment manufacturing, certification, testing and supporting standard system.