Meta Data
Title in national language: 
节能中长期专项规划
Draft: 
No
Revision of previous policy?: 
No
Draft Year: 
2004
Effective Start Year: 
2004
Effective End Year: 
2020
Scope: 
National
Document Type: 
Plan/Strategy
Economic Sector: 
Energy, Power, Industry, Transport, Building, Multi-Sector
Energy Types: 
All, Coal, Oil, Power, Gas, Nuclear, Renewable, Bioenergy, Geothermal, Hydropower, Solar, Wave and Tidal, Wind, Other
Issued by: 
National Development and Reform Commission P.R.C.
Overall Summary: 
The Plan analyzes the characteristics of energy consumption in China, energy utilization status, main problems existing in energy conservation work, situation and tasks for energy conservation and then put forward directive idea, principles and objectives for energy conservation, key areas for energy conservation, key projects and implementation measures.
Efficiency
EE priorities: 
Enterprises and residents should be encouraged to use electric power rationally.---Encourage iron and steel enterprises to save energy and reduce consumption.
EE targets: 
Macro energy conservation indicators: by 2010, energy consumption per 10,000 Yuan GDP (constant price in 1990, the same below) is expected to drop from 2.68tce in 2002 to 2.25tce, with an annual average energy conservation rate of 2.2% from 2003 to 2010. The energy conservation capacity is expected to reach 400 million tce. ---Energy consumption per 10,000 Yuan GDP will drop to 1.54tce in 2020, with an annual average energy conservation rate of 3% from 2003 to 2020. The energy conservation capacity is expected to reach 1.4 billion tce, 111% as much as the total planned newly-increased energy production of 1.26 billion tce during the same period[...] ---[...] the coal-burning industrial boiler efficiency will increase 5 percentage points with coal savings of 25 million tons; the coal-burning furnace and kiln efficiency will increase 2 percentage points with coal savings of 10 million tons. ---[...] In the production line with daily output of above 2,000 tons cement, we should every year establish 30 power generating units with using medium and low temperature residual heat, and thus 3 million tce will be saved per year[...] ---we should optimize the system of high efficiency energy saving fan, pump and compressor and popularize the control technologies of variable frequency speed adjustable and automatic system, so as to raise operating efficiency for 2 percentage points, and save 20 TWh electric power annually. ---Building Energy Conservation Projects[...] we may save 50 million tce. ---Green Lighting Projects[...]we should carry out automation retrofit for the production assembly line of high efficiency lighting appliances, and thus we can save 29TWh electricity. ---[...]The Central Government should take a lead to make pilot for this. In 2010, the energy consumption per building area of the Central Government Agencies and that per capita will decrease 10% on the base of 2002. ---By implementing the above 10 key energy conservation projects, we will realize total saving of 240 million tce (including the increments) in the “Eleventh Five-year Plan” period, and achieve remarkable economic and environmental benefits.---Key industries -Electric Power Industry. We should try to develop 600MW or above supercritical (ultra-supercritical) units and large combined-cycle units.--- Large cities are expected to improve 25% of building areas, medium cities 15% and small cities 10%.
EE action plans: 
Nonferrous Metals Industry. Mines should mainly use large, high efficient and energy saving equipment, so as to increase efficiency of mining and ore-dressing[...].--- (2) Transportation. -Road transport. We should speed up eliminating old energy intensive automobiles and developing diesel automobile, large-tonnage automobile and special vehicle [...]Improve transport efficiency [...] -[A]ccelerate development of electrified railway and replace oil with electricity for railway transportation;---Construction, commercial and residential building. [...] In China’s large and medium cities, a charge system based on thermal meter will be widely spread in district heating of residential and public buildings; small cities will be pilot of such practice. Energy saving retrofit for existing residential and public buildings shall be conducted in combination with urban reconstruction[...] - Lighting Appliance. [P]romote high-efficiency fluorescent lamp products such as phosphorus energy saving lamp, high intensity gas discharge lamp and electronic ballast, decrease use incandescent lamp, gradually eliminate high pressure mercury vapor lamp,[...]increase the percentage of using high-efficiency energy saving fluorescent lamp. ---Key Projects: Coal-fired industrial boiler (kiln) retrofit projects.District Cogeneration Projects. Residual Heat and Pressure Utilization Projects. Petroleum Saving and Substituting Projects. Motor System Energy Saving Projects. Energy System Optimization Projects. Building Energy Conservation Projects. Green Lighting Projects. Government Agency Energy Conservation Projects. Energy Saving Monitoring and Testing, and Technology Service System Building Projects.---[C]arry out energy conservation retrofit for existing buildings in the northern regions where space heating is required, and great efforts should be conducted to comprehensive energy conservation renovation for existing hotels and restaurants.---We should promote household and office electric appliances such as high-efficiency energy saving refrigerator, air conditioner, television, washing machine; reduce energy consumption of stand-by[...]--- Second, formulate and implement mandatory and advancing performance energy efficiency standards, mainly including energy efficiency standards of industrial energy-consuming equipment, household electric appliances, illuminative facilities and motor-driven vehicles.
EE standards for appliances: 
Household and Office Electric Appliances[...]standardize market of energy saving products.
EE lighting and mechanical system standards: 
[I]mplement lighting product energy efficiency standards[...].
EE labeling: 
Construction, commercial and residential building [...]implement energy efficiency standard and labeling[...]
EE building standards: 
Construction, commercial and residential building. Buildings. During the “Eleventh Five-year Plan” period, new buildings should strictly subject to the design standard of 50% energy conservation. Several major cities such as Beijing and Tianjin shall take a lead in implementing the 65% energy-saving standard.
EE transport standards : 
Promote methanol and alcohol-powered automobiles and accelerate the progress of the coal liquefaction projects and develop substitute fuels, and thus can save and substitute 38 million tons petroleum. ---[...] reduce oil consumption of motor-driven vehicles by formulating and implementing fuel oil economy standard of motor vehicle and practicing related regulations such as vehicle fuel oil tax.[...].
Energy Service Companies (ESCOs): 
[...] adopt new market-oriented mechanisms of energy performance contracting to strengthen capacity building of energy saving monitoring and testing centers[...] These centers should be capable of providing a series of services including diagnosis, design, financing, renovation, operation and management for enterprises, administrative agencies and educational institutions[...]
EE financial incentives: 
The Government of China will provide funding and subsidy or deducted loan to support some major energy conservation projects and major energy conservation technology development and demonstrating projects. Expenses necessary for applications such as government energy conservation management and government agencies energy conservative renovation should be included into corresponding fiscal budgets. ---We should study financial and taxation policies for advocating development of energy-saving vehicles and accelerating elimination of energy intensive vehicles and choose appropriate time to implement the program on fuel oil taxation reform[...]
EE public awareness/promotional programmes: 
[...]to strengthen capacity building of energy saving monitoring and testing centers at provincial level and in major energy intensive industries[...] ---[...]Restrict blind development of energy intensive industries and guide user rationally to consume power and conserve power. ---Carry out energy conservation campaign in a wide, deep and long-term way, so as to inspire Chinese people to be aware of resource value and energy conservation. Incorporate the energy conservation into the system of primary and middle school education, high education, vocational education and technical training[...]
Renewable Energy
RE action plans: 
Apply renewable energy such as hydro energy, wind energy and solar energy to agricultural machineries. ---[...]we should speed up application of renewable energy such as solar and geothermal energies in buildings.
Environment
Pollution level targets, PM10, PM2.5, SOx, NOx: 
[...] reduction of 21 million tons sulfur dioxide.
Pollution control action plans: 
[...]We should a[...] replace fuel oil (light oil) with clean coal, natural gas and high-sulfur petroleum coke; promote the circulating fluidizedbedboil er technology and petroleum coke gasifying combustion technology; recovery and reuse residual heat andgeothermal by employing technologies of energy system optimization, heavy oil emulsification, [...] --- flue gas de-sulfurization equipment should be installed on the units. ---[...]Currently, we should make clear different fuel oil fields and promote replacing fuel oil with clean coal, natural gas and petrolatum coke. Oil-burning boilers consuming low sulfur oil should undergo clean coal substitution refit according to local real situation; [...]. ---[...]We should plan a unified traffic and transportation development model and formulate an overall traffic and transportation development plan suitable for China’s own conditions.
Decarbonization strategy: 
Urban Transportation.[...] improve efficiency of integrated traffic and transport system. In China’s large cities, transportation mode should be developed to take road transport as a priority, rail transit as auxiliary and private motor vehicle transport as supplementary with rational development of bicycle transport. In China’s medium and small cities, road public transport and private vehicle transport shall become the main development direction. -Rail Transportation. ---A]ccelerate development of electrified railway and replace oil with electricity for railway transportation;
Pricing
Energy pricing: 
We should deepen reform of energy pricing and gradually streamline prices for different energy products, so as to form a price incentive system that is good to save energies and improve energy efficiency. Establish and improve a compensation system on peak, valley, sufficient and insufficient period power prices and interruptive power prices. Apply differential power prices to eliminated and restricted projects and energy intensive enterprises according to the national industrial policies. --- China’s policies on finance, taxation, banking and pricing should support energy conservation.
Energy Supply and Infrastructure
Energy supply priorities: 
In 2010, popularization rate of district heating in urban areas will increase from 27% in 2002 to 40%, the heat supplying by newly increased cogeneration units will be 40 GW and the annual energy savings will amount to 35 million tce. [...] --- [I]ncrease the percentage of coal-based power generation. --- Petroleum should be mainly applied to the transportation and chemical raw material industry and petroleum consuming fields that cannot be replaced by other fuels currently.
Governance
National policy structure: 
Objectives of Macro-regulation:[E]stablish relative perfect laws, regulations and standards system governing energy conservation by 2010, policy support system, supervision and regulation system and technical service system, which are suitable for socialist market economy. ---[...]Priority of energy conservation should be reflected in formulating and practicing development strategies and plans, industrial policies and policies related to investment management, finance, taxation, banking and pricing. Energy conservation should be considered as a key element in formulating the special plans. [...]China’s policies on finance, taxation, banking and pricing should support energy conservation. ---[...]cancel all rules that irrational restrict use and operation of low oil consuming[...] study policy of encouraging the production and consumption of hybrid and electric automobiles. ---We should speed up establishing an energy conservation law and regulations system that takes the China Energy Conservation Law as the core, and coordinates with supplementary regulations and standards. Besides, we should intensify supervision and regulation according to related laws. First, study and perfect laws related to energy conservation and as soon as possible formulate such laws and regulations as the Power Conservation Management Method, Petroleum Conservation Management Method, Energy Efficient Labeling Management Method and Building Energy Saving Management Method.
Energy institutional structures: 
Fully develop roles of authorities such as construction, industry and commerce and quality control and energy saving monitoring and testing (inspection) organizations at each level of China and intensify supervision laws enforcement in every possible link.
M&E of policy implementation: 
[...]carry out energy conservation law enforcement by laws and conduct related monitoring and testing (supervision).---[...]establish and perfect the energy conservation monitoring mechanism. Supervise and inspect energy consumption and energy conservation management of energy intensive industries [...]; supervise and inspect implementation of the Energy Efficiency Products Standard, the Building Energy saving Design Standard and the Industrial Design Code; supervise and inspect the regulations of adding provisions (chapter) of energy conservation in feasibility study reports of fixed assets investment projects.
Public database availability: 
[...]establish an energy conservation information release system[...]
Technology
Clean energy technology priorities: 
(1)Key industries[...]; improve thermal power generating units that under the operation with high efficient and clean power generating technologies, [...]. -Oil and Petrochemical Industry.[...][R]eplace fuel oil (light oil) with clean coal, natural gas and high-sulfur petroleum coke; promote the circulating fluidizedbed boiler technology and petroleum coke gasifying combustion technology; recovery and reuse residual heat and geothermal by employing technologies of energy system optimization, heavy oil emulsification, high-efficiency burner and absorption heat pump. -Chemical Industry.[...] Apply energy saving equipment and variable pressure adsorption recovery technology to medium and small scaled synthetic ammonia, so as to reduce energy consumption.[...] -Building Material Industry. [...]We should also promote application of new wall materials and thermal insulation and sound insulation material, waterproof material and sealing material with characteristics of high quality, [...] energy efficient; [...]. ---Machinery Building Industry. We should give up backward and energy intensive electro-mechanical products; develop high efficiency and energy saving electro-mechanical products such as variable frequency motor and rare earth permanent magnet motor; promote a increase in energy utilization efficiency of general electro-mechanical products such as fan and water pump; improve design, manufacture and processing capacity for energy efficient electro-mechanical products.---[...] promote pulling power factor compensation technology for electrified railways and other power saving measures, so as to improve electric power utilization efficiency. Internal combustion locomotives should use efficient diesel addition agent and oil saving technologies and equipment. Strictly carry out computer centralized control for receiving and dispatching locomotive oil for locomotives; develop the technology of locomotive supplying power to passenger carriage; promote application of passenger carriage power supply; gradually reduce and cancel electric locomotive with diesel engine; strengthen transportation management; optimize locomotive operation; and reduce fuel oil consumption for railway transportation. -Aviation Transportation. We should adopt energy saving of airplane (per unit consumption for different airplanes should be 0.2-1.4 kg/t-km), strengthen management, improve carriage rate, attendance rate and transportation turnover capability, improve fuel oil efficiency and reduce oil consumption. -Water Transportation.[...]use new types of ships and advanced power system; develop modern transport organizing means such as specialized bulk transport and multi-model transport; optimize structure of ship transport capability and improve ship average dead weight tonnage, etc. -Agricultural and Fishery Machinery. We should phase out backward agricultural machineries; apply advanced energy-saving diesel engine technology so as to reduce fuel oil consumption by diesel engine; promote advanced mechanized farming technology such as less-farming, free-farming and combination processes[...]--- Adopt advanced power transmission, transformation and distribution technologies[...].---[...]We will promote the use of cold storage air conditioner, heat storage air conditioner and cold-heat-electricity cogeneration[...]
Low-emission and cleaner coal technology: 
-Coal Industry. [C]arry out energy conservation renovation for equipment and system, perfect coal integrated processing system and improve coal utilization efficiency. -We should gradually eliminate backward technology [...] environment polluting small coal mines, and build large scaled modernized coal mines, so as to realize high efficiency and high yield.
R&D renewable energy: 
Conduct scientific research on universal, key and leading energy conservation technology, implement major energy conservation demonstration projects and promote industrialization of energy conservation technology[...]
Industrialization support: 
Conduct scientific research on universal, key and leading energy conservation technology, implement major energy conservation demonstration projects and promote industrialization of energy conservation technology[...]