Meta Data
Title in national language: 
可再生能源发展“十二五”规划
Draft: 
No
Revision of previous policy?: 
No
Draft Year: 
2012
Effective Start Year: 
2012
Effective End Year: 
2015
Scope: 
National
Document Type: 
Plan/Strategy
Economic Sector: 
Energy, Power
Energy Types: 
Power, Renewable, Bioenergy, Geothermal, Hydropower, Solar, Wind
Issued by: 
National Development and Reform Commission
Notes: 
No official English version available
Overall Summary: 
The plan is drafted according to requirement of Renewable Energy Law, based on the 12th FYP, Energy Development 12th FYP. It covers hydro, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and ocean, elaborates guiding theories, fundamental principles, development targets, key tasks, industrial structure, supporting measures and implementation mechanism of renewable energy development between 2011 to 2015 in China.
Access
Energy access priorities: 
To exploit the advantages of distributed energy resources and bring them into full play, therefore to ensure the power access for the people living in the non-grid cover areas. ---[...]Promote small hydropower development in an orderly manner according to local conditions and improve the development and utilization of small hydropower in poverty-stricken areas. [...]Support the construction of distributed photovoltaic power generation, and actively support the use of photovoltaic power generation to increase electrification rate in the remote areas.[...] [E]xpand solar water heaters in cities and towns [...]promote solar cookers in rural areas. ---In the remote area where the power grid is hard to be installed In the short-term, give full play to favourable local conditions in the field of renewable energy, to build small hydropower, small wind power, solar photovoltaic systems and other measures to achieve electrification for all.
Energy access action plan: 
---Select the islands with rich ocean energy resources where the power demand is very high to build independent power stations complemented with the wind energy, solar energy and energy storage technologies to solve the power supply problems and to meet the production and living power demand of the remote islands.
Energy access targets: 
The rate of households with Biogas, solar energy, biomass gasification and other renewable energy sources in rural areas reaches more than 50%. By 2015, the country's biogas users reach 50 million household, more than 50% of the appropriate farmers using biogas, solar water heaters penetration in rural areas present more than 80 million square meters[...]
Clean cooking solutions: 
[...]Expand solar water heaters in cities and towns [...]promote solar cookers in rural areas.
Renewable Energy
RE priorities: 
--Combine market mechanism and policy support. Set up medium and long-term target for renewable energy development, cultivate stable long-term renewable energy market and drive RE technology progress and industry development. --Integrate concentrated development and distributed utilization. Strengthen renewable energy development in resource-abundant areas to construct a large-scale RE advantaged region. Meanwhile, take advantages of wide distribution of RE, encourages various RE development nationwide. --Combine large-scale development and industrial upgrading. Enlarge market scale of renewable energy, and enhance independent R&D capability driven by market need, thus increase market competitiveness of RE industries and promote even large-scale of RE development. --Integrate domestic development and international collaboration. Maintain stable growth of domestic market need, strengthen various forms of global cooperation, drive domestic RE industry to global industry system. [...]Strengthen hydropower planning in the basin, developing hydropower while protect ecological situation and resettle properly migrants, increase the major role of hydropower in increasing the supply of non-fossil energy. ---Encourage the construction of large-scale photovoltaic power stations in regions with high solar energy resources where the land has no other economic value[...]and actively support the use of photovoltaic power generation to solve the problems about power shortage in remote areas. ---Select the islands with rich ocean energy resources where the power demand is huge to build independent power stations complemented with the wind energy, solar energy and energy storage technologies to solve the power supply problems and to meet the production and living power demand of the remote islands.
RE targets: 
Enlarge implementation scale of renewable energy, facilitate integration of renewable energy into conventional energy system, raise share of renewable energy in total energy consumption, comprehensively increase renewable energy technology innovation capability, grasp core technology, and establish complete and competitive renewable energy industries. ---Some main indicators: (1) by 2015 total RE consumption reaches 478 million metric ton of coal equivalent, of which commercial RE takes up 400 million metric ton of coal equivalent; (2)RE plays an important role in power generation. During 12th FYP, add 160 GW newly installed capacity, of which hydro 61 GW, wind 70 GW, solar 20 GW, biomass 7.5 GW. In total, by 2015 more than 20% of electricity is expected to come from renewable sources; (3) Have RE heating and fuel utilization replacing fossil fuel to a large extent, through measures such as continuously enlarging solar heating scale, promoting medium-and-low temperature geothermal direct utilization and geothermal heat pump, promoting biomass briquette fuel and biomass cogeneration of heat and power. By 2015, in terms of heat supply, renewable energy is expected to replace conventional fossil fuels around 100 million metric ton of coal equivalent. (4) Scale up distributional RE application. Establish 100 new energy pilot cities and 200 green energy pilot counties. Ratio of rural households having biogas, solar or biomass gasification reaches above 50% during 12th FYP. ---Indicators by renewable types: (1) Hydro: by 2015, hydro installed capacity reaches 290 GW, including 260 GW of regulatory hydro and 30 GW pumped storage stations. Extent of exploration and utilization of water resources in East and Middle regions reach 90%. By 2020, national hydro installed capacity reach 420 GW, including 350 GW regulatory hydro power and 70 GW of pumped storage stations. (2) Wind: by 2015, accumulated on-grid wind installed capacity reach 100 GW (5GW off-shore), annual power generation exceed 1900 TWh. By 2020, accumulated on-grid wind installed capacity reach 200 GW (30GW off-shore), annual power generation exceed 3900 TWh. (3) Solar: by 2015, annual utilization of solar power is equivalent to substitute of 0.5 million metric ton of coal equivalent. Solar power installed capacity reaches 21 GW, including 10 GW of photovoltaic power station and 1 GW of solar thermal, 10 GW distributed on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic installed capacity, accumulated solar thermal utilization areas reach 400 million square meters. By 2020, total solar power installed capacity reaches 50 GW and accumulated solar thermal utilization areas reach 800 million square meters. (4) Biomass: by 2015, total annual biomass utilization is equivalent to substitute 50 million ton of coal equivalent. Biomass power installed capacity reaches 13 GW, biogas annual utiliztion is 22 billion cubic meters, annual utilization of biomass briquette reaches 10 million tons, annual utilization of biofuel ethanol reaches 3.5-4 million tons, annual utilization of bio-diesel and aviation biofuels reach 1 million tons. Provides centralized biomass gas supply to 3 million households at rural areas. By 2015, nationwide, biogas users reach 50 million households, accumulated solar water heater utilization areas exceeds 80 million square meters, solar cooker reach 2 million units, solve electricity supply issue for all no-access population right now. (5) geothermal: total utilization of various types geothermal reach 15 million metric ton of coal equivalent, and geothermal power installed capacity reach 0.1 GW, building areas with shallow geothermal heating and cooling supply reach 500 million square meters.
RE action plans: 
Comprehensively improve the renewable energy equipment manufacturing capacity. ---Improve the standard systems and the testing and certification system for the renewable energy products and equipment, and establish and improve the market-access system for the renewable energy products and equipment.
Environment
Energy environmental priorities: 
[D]evelopment of renewable energy should follow the law of nature. For instance, hydropower development should fully take into account animal and plant protection, coordinate relationship between hydropower development and ecological development. Wind power should be developed without causing noise pollution and negative impact on birds and landscape. large-scale photovoltaic power plant should be built following rational layout, and avoid occupying farmland, forestry and ecological land. Production of photovoltaic silicon materials and biomass liquid fuel should be implemented with strict environmental protection measures to prevent generation of waste residues, waste gas and waste water.
Pollution level targets, PM10, PM2.5, SOx, NOx: 
By 2015, when renewable energy target is achieved, utilization of renewable energy leads to annual reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions by 7 million tons, nitrogen oxide by 3 million tons and smoke soot by 4 million tons.
GHG emissions reduction targets: 
By 2015, when renewable energy target is achieved, utilization of renewable energy leads to annual reduction of CO2 emissions by 1 billion tons.
Green finance: 
Improve the loan support mechanism for small distributed energy projects, implement green credit policy for promoting the clean energy and renewable energy development.
Land use change for energy production purposes: 
Large-scale ground PV power plant should be rational layout, to prevent the occupation of agricultural land, woodland and ecological land[...] Biomass energy development should also be rationalized in using of forests and land resources[...]. ---Encourage the construction of large-scale photovoltaic power stations in regions with high solar energy resources where the land has no other economic value[...]and actively support the use of photovoltaic power generation to solve the problems about power shortage in remote areas. -- [...]Strengthen hydropower planning in the basin, developing hydropower while protect ecological situation and resettle properly migrants, increase the major role of hydropower in increasing the supply of non-fossil energy.
Energy-water nexus: 
Hydropower development should be strictly investigated, animal and plant protections and water protection requirements should be fully considered, environmental protection programs should be well implemented, the construction and environmental protection technology should be strengthened, hydropower development and environmental and ecological protections should be coordinated.
Pricing
Renewable energy subsidies: 
[...]In accordance with the principles conducive to the development of renewable energy and economic rationality, determine the state subsidies standards for renewable energy products, in accordance with the principles supporting to the renewable energy development and economics.
Energy pricing: 
Continue to promote the power system reform and tariff reform, establish of the new power operation mechanism favourable to large-scale integration of renewable energy into the power system, and establish the price mechanism and the regional micro-grid application coordination promotion mechanism.
Energy Supply and Infrastructure
Energy mix: 
The proportion of renewable energy in energy consumption increase significantly. By 2015, the annual utilization of all renewable energy sources reaches 478 million tons of coal, of which the commercial use of renewable energy is 400 million tons of coal, presenting more than 9.5% in the energy consumption.
Infrastructure development priorities: 
Establish the power grid system to support the distributed energy station such as solar energy. ---Support the construction of distributed solar photovoltaic systems in urban areas with better solar energy resources. Combining with new energy sources energy storage technologies, such as biomass energy, establish micro-grid systems.
Governance
M&E of policy implementation: 
[...]clarify the renewable energy development goals and requirements for different regions and energy companies. ---Strengthen the analysis of renewable energy development situation, establish a mid-year and annual industry development situation analysis report system, analyse the industry development problems and master planning implementation progress. In middle of the 12th Five-Year Plan period, assess the planning and the implementation situation. According to the implementation of the plan and evaluation, properly adjust the planning objectives and key tasks[...]. ----Improve the management of renewable energy equipment production, project construction and operation qualification, set up monitoring and evaluation system about the operation of renewable energy product enterprises and product quality[...]
Statistics collection and management: 
[...]improve the statistical system of renewable energy information. [S]trengthen the construction of statistical information system for renewable energy, establish the information platform to collect the renewable energy statistics, and establish the renewable energy management system concerning about the renewable energy resources, technology, equipment, investment and market application[...].
Technology
Clean energy technology priorities: 
Improve industry chain construction. For instance, improve renewable energy equipment manufacturing capacity; design and manufacture large-capacity pumped storage hydro units and GW-level large turbine units. wind and solar photovoltaic technology and equipment manufacturing capability reach world-advanced level. Industrialize technologies of biomass briquette, biomass liquid fuel, nurturing large-scale biofuel manufacturing enterprises. ---Establish technology innovation system. Build a multilevel renewable energy technology innovation model involving national government, local community and local enterprises. To build state-level renewable energy technology innovation platform, promote establishment of key laboratory in universities and research institutions. ---Improve the level of ocean energy development and utilization of technology[...]promote the use of marine energy technology and equipment industry system.
Clean energy technology deployment: 
Development priority of renewable energy technology and equipment include following aspects: (1) hydro: dam engineering and technology under complicated geological conditions, super-large scale of underground caverns design and construction of key technologies, cascade hydropower multi-objective optimization technology, large-scale hydropower unit design, manufacturing and installation technology, hydropower development ecological restoration technology, capacity building of water resources and advanced hydro power technology. (2) Wind: key-part manufacturing technology of 6-10 MW wind turbine, wind power grid technology, large-scale wind power blade design and control, optimal design of large-scale wind farm, power grid operation control technology. (3) solar: large-scale pv system integration design, large-scale solar thermal power integration design and key component design, solar battery and industrial chain production design. (4) biomass: biomass utilization system integration design, efficient biomass power technology, distributed function system and centralized power grid complementary technologies. ---Improve the level of ocean energy development and utilization of technology[...]promote the use of marine energy technology and equipment industry system. --Rationally select the utilization mode, promote the marketization and large-scale utilization of various types of biomass energy, and speed up the construction of the biomass energy industry system [...].
R&D renewable energy: 
[...]Make full use of the existing renewable energy research team resources, the formation of national renewable energy technology research and development platform to address the development of the industry's key and common technical problems[...]