Meta Data
Проект документа: 
No
Пересмотр более раннего документа?: 
No
Год составления проекта документа: 
2006
Год вступления в силу: 
2006
Виды актов по количеству участников: 
National
Тип документа: 
Plan/Strategy
Экономический сектор: 
Energy
Виды энергоресурсов: 
Power, Renewable, Bioenergy, Hydropower, Solar, Other
Подготовлен: 
Department Of Energy Ministry Of Energy & Mineral Resources Fiji Islands
Ссылка на документ: 
Сводный обзор: 
The National Energy Policy (NEP) provides a five-year based general framework on the use of energy resources. It emphasizes the current principles of energy security, national energy planning, power sector and renewable energies within the national boarders. Also, it underlines problems and implications faced by the country and its future plans. The NEP is strictly related to the National Strategic Development Plan (2007-2011). The document includes a Strategic Action Plan addressing: 1. National Energy Planning; 1.1 Strengthen the capacity of DOE to plan, formulate, implement and manage the energy policy and other energy related policies and regulations;1.3 Strengthen coordination and consultation with other sectors and the external environment on energy developments; 1.4 Enhance energy information and data management programs for planning purposes. 2. Energy Security; 2.2 Promote energy efficiency and energy conservation in all sectors; 2.3 Strengthen energy security and improve energy supply mix for the country. 3. Power Sector; 1.1 Ensure the demand for reliable and affordable for electricity is adequately met. 4. Renewable Energy; 4.1 Promote the use of renewable energy sources in the country
Доступ
Energy access priorities: 
Ensuring that there are sufficient energy sources to support both national and local economies is crucial to achieving sustainable development. --- Fiji has only a few energy-intensive industrial operations. Whilst large industries have been well supplied with energy, a major priority is to provide lesser supplied areas with energy access in order to promote small and medium scale industrial development in rural and remote areas. Productive activities in underdeveloped areas will economically empower the poor. Energy, particularly electricity, is a key requirement for these productive activities. --- Strengthen energy security and improve energy supply mix for the country. --- Government will continue to promote power sector development in order to meet future needs and improve quality of supply. Reliable and affordable electricity is considered a major element of economic and social development in both urban and rural areas.
Energy access action plan: 
Relevant energy policies include: access to diesel (government seeks to facilitate the removal of market barriers so as to provide access to bulk supplies for small-scale farmers); the electrification of farm worker households; and providing agricultural, forestry and agro-forestry products, by-products and residues as raw materials for bio-fuels. --- [...]An investment program is being pursued to expand FEA’s system to meet demand growth and broaden access to electricity. Expenditures of F$500 million are planned over the next five years. As this exceeds the resources of FEA and the Government private sector investment of F$150 million is budgeted for the period, principally in generation. ...In the area of Rural Electrification the Government is committed to promote access to affordable electricity services for disadvantaged households, small businesses, small farms and community services. Wherever technically and economically feasible extensions of the existing FEA grid will be used as a means of rural electrification. --- Government will remain committed to its rural electrification policy and will use the following criteria for the establishment of priority target key areas:  Contributions from the villages. Villages where contributions to the required up-front investment exceed the current 10 % compulsory contribution.  Focal villages and settlements where joint infrastructure development is possible and infrastructure service packages promise to trigger economic development.  Areas identified as most likely to optimise income-raising and socio-economic benefits from electricity supply.  Locations where environmental protection and rural development measures are complemented by electricity supply.  Locations where organizational initiative is demonstrated as adequate to assure reliable and expanded supply.  Villages where electrification complements social, economic, and environmental priorities of localities.
Consumer subsidies: 
Any subsidies or cross-subsidies between customer categories that are considered necessary for social reasons will be declared. --- In the area of rural electrification, Government will apply [...] equipment subsidies and tax exemptions, such that RESCOs and off grid managers can balance costs and revenues at affordable tariff levels.
Efficiency
Приоритеты ЭЭ: 
Government commits itself to facilitate greater energy efficiency in the industrial sector. --- The areas of the energy market, apart from the petroleum sector shall be provided assistance in energy conservation and efficiency. --- With rising imported fuel price, energy efficiency and conservation measures will be promoted widely to try and lessen the impacts on the livelihood of the ordinary citizens. [...] Energy conservation and efficiency measures will be encouraged in all aspects of any energy initiative from planning, operation and use of systems. Energy conservation and efficiency will not be restricted to the energy sector but will include other sectors as well.
Energy Service Companies (ESCOs): 
In the area of rural electrification, Government will apply central procurement measures, equipment subsidies and tax exemptions, such that RESCOs and off grid managers can balance costs and revenues at affordable tariff levels. Government will allow RESCO retailers to adjust tariffs to ensure that reliable performance is viable on a site-by-site basis, and to ensure adequate financial incentive is in place for expansion of supply in rural areas. RESCO tariffs will remain subject to Government approval in order to balance consumer and supplier interests. --- The RESCO model will be further developed as a means to accelerate subsidised rural power supply with active participation of private sector service providers. As a long term objective Government will reduce its role in RESCO type electricity supply and focus on improving the enabling and regulatory framework for expanded RESCO operations. Private sector electrification efforts will be allowed as long as safety standards are maintained, but will not automatically qualify for Government subsidies. --- In the area of rural electrification, Government will apply central procurement measures, equipment subsidies and tax exemptions, such that RESCOs and off grid managers can balance costs and revenues at affordable tariff levels
Renewable Energy
RE priorities: 
Government believes that renewable energies can in many cases provide the least cost energy service, particularly when social and environmental costs are included, and will therefore provide focused support for the development, demonstration and applications of renewable energy. --- Promote the development of indigenous energy sources such as hydropower, geothermal, solar, wind and biomass. --- Government will facilitate the sustainable production and management of solar power and non-grid electrification systems, such as the further development of solar home systems (SHS), solar pump water supply systems, solar systems for schools and clinics and solar water heating systems for homes and institutions. All of the above will be largely targeted at rural communities. --- In the urban and modern sector Government will promote grid connected renewable energy generation based on wind, geothermal and hydropower. Government will thoroughly analyse the feasibility of a bio-fuel program with the objective to stabilise agricultural production and income in Fiji’s traditional export crop sectors sugar and coconut.
RE targets: 
FEA has plans to produce more than 90% of the total energy requirement from renewable sources by 2011.
RE action plans: 
A Cabinet sub-committee with the chairmanship of the Prime Minister has recently been set up to look at the potential for bio-fuel (ethanol) production using sugar cane. --- FEA is currently developing a 10 MW wind farm in Sigatoka in collaboration with a private company. Its hydro energy portfolio has increased with the recent commissioning of two small hydro schemes in Wainikasou and Vaturu.
Public competitive bidding/tendering: 
The Government will award licenses and project concessions using transparent and competitive procedures. --- The Government favours the use of competitive bidding in the award of IPP licenses and concessions. Under special circumstances and with Ministerial approval, IPP licences can be awarded after direct negotiations. --- Competitive procurement will be the principle means of private sector participation. Government will define IPP implementation procedures and regulations and implementation guidelines that will bind parties to an orderly transparent process.
Environment
Energy environmental priorities: 
It is imperative that Government develop appropriate policies and strategies for ensuring that minimal impacts are induced when carrying out energy projects. This will call for an integration of environmental sustainability measures into the energy policy framework.
Ценообразование
Renewable energy subsidies: 
Any subsidies or cross-subsidies between customer categories that are considered necessary for social reasons will be declared. --- In the area of rural electrification, Government will apply central procurement measures, equipment subsidies and tax exemptions, such that RESCOs and off grid managers can balance costs and revenues at affordable tariff levels.
Energy taxation: 
Taxation of fuels will remain a major source of Government revenue.
Energy pricing: 
As a long term target, cost-based tariffs for each generation, transmission and distribution profit centre will be introduced to ensure that all costs of supply can be fully recovered, lenders can be repaid and reasonable returns to investors including the Government, can be produced. The following principles will apply in energy price and tariff regulation:  Energy sector policy objectives such as energy efficiency and environmental cost will be considered in energy pricing;  Taxation of fuels will remain a major source of Government revenue;  Electricity tariffs will be reviewed and adjusted regularly in order to allow the electricity industry to operate on a commercially sound basis;  Transparency and predictability of energy pricing will assist present and potential consumers in making decisions about their electricity and fuel usage and their investments; and  Any subsidies or cross-subsidies between customer categories that are considered necessary for social reasons will be declared. --- Government will allow RESCO retailers to adjust tariffs to ensure that reliable performance is viable on a site-by-site basis, and to ensure adequate financial incentive is in place for expansion of supply in rural areas. RESCO tariffs will remain subject to Government approval in order to balance consumer and supplier interests. --- The following principles will apply in energy price and tariff regulation: The following principles will apply in energy price and tariff regulation:  Energy sector policy objectives such as energy efficiency and environmental cost will be considered in energy pricing;  Taxation of fuels will remain a major source of Government revenue;  Electricity tariffs will be reviewed and adjusted regularly in order to allow the electricity industry to operate on a commercially sound basis;  Transparency and predictability of energy pricing will assist present and potential consumers in making decisions about their electricity and fuel usage and their investments; and  Any subsidies or cross-subsidies between customer categories that are considered necessary for social reasons will be declared. --- Government will allow RESCO retailers to adjust tariffs to ensure that reliable performance is viable on a site-by-site basis, and to ensure adequate financial incentive is in place for expansion of supply in rural areas. RESCO tariffs will remain subject to Government approval in order to balance consumer and supplier interests.
Energy Supply and Infrastructure
Infrastructure development priorities: 
Promote the development of indigenous energy sources such as hydropower, geothermal, solar, wind and biomass.
Investment
Energy sector investment priorities: 
Efforts and resources will be directed to the development of indigenous energy resources.
Independent power producers: 
It is an explicit objective of the Government to create a level playing field for private sector investors or Independent Power Producers (IPP) in the area of electricity generation. Competitive procurement will be the principle means of private sector participation. Government will define IPP implementation procedures and regulations and implementation guidelines that will bind parties to an orderly transparent process.--- Private sector electrification efforts will be allowed as long as safety standards are maintained, but will not automatically qualify for Government subsidies.
Public Private Partnerships: 
Interest in participating in the power sector has also been coming from the private sector. A partnership between a private company (Hydro Development Ltd) and local land owners in the Namosi Province to develop hydro resources in the province is receiving a lot of support from the land owners and donor organisations. The joint venture company plans to build two small hydro schemes with a total capacity of about 10 MW to supply the local grid and they are holding consultations with the relevant authorities and FEA on the matter. --- The RESCO model will be further developed as a means to accelerate subsidised rural power supply with active participation of private sector service providers. As a long term objective Government will reduce its role in RESCO type electricity supply and focus on improving the enabling and regulatory framework for expanded RESCO operations.
Bidding and Tendering: 
The Government will award licenses and project concessions using transparent and competitive procedures. --- The Government favours the use of competitive bidding in the award of IPP licenses and concessions. Under special circumstances and with Ministerial approval, IPP licences can be awarded after direct negotiations. --- Competitive procurement will be the principle means of private sector participation. Government will define IPP implementation procedures and regulations and implementation guidelines that will bind parties to an orderly transparent process.
Деятельность органов власти
National policy structure: 
The medium term objective is to establish an independent energy sector regulator covering:  Electricity tariffs and their regular adjustment;  Licensing of operators, electricity generators and installations including RESCOs;  Petroleum product pricing and regular adjustments;  Licensing of petroleum sector operators and installations; and  Maintenance of safety standards and environmental protection. The regulator will also determine rules of access to the public electricity network. [...] Legislation will be developed to define policy role, functions, responsibilities, and procedures of each of the key organizations with respect to the energy sector.
Energy institutional structures: 
Major institutions in Fiji’s energy sector are:  The Department of Energy (DOE) is responsible for energy policies and plans, energy efficiency and conservation, renewable energy (RE) and rural electrification.  The Commerce Commission is established with a statutory mandate to independently authorise adjustments to the tariff and oversee non-discriminatory access to FEA’s grid.  The Ministry of Public Enterprises & Public Sector Reform overseas business performance of FEA as a state owned enterprise. It also scrutinises FEA’s corporate plan and statement of corporate intent.  The FEA is the national utility responsible for urban, peri-urban and rural grid electricity supply.  The Prices and Income Board (PIB) regulates wholesale and retail prices of motor spirit (also called gasoline or petrol), kerosene and automotive diesel oil (ADO) and influences to some extent the technical specification of fuels.  Ministry of Finance and National Planning (MoF) is responsible for planning and monitoring of energy budget for policy implementation and establishing and enforcing maximum petroleum fuel prices.  International oil companies import and distribute fuel products and apply their internal technical regulation and safety standards.  Public Works Department manages extension of mini grid from Government Stations.
M&E of policy implementation: 
The Government will [...] develop mechanisms for measuring and ensuring reliable performance of rural electrification schemes and expansion of supply and in particular, develop incentive systems.
Public database availability: 
The Department of Energy will continue to develop a comprehensive energy demand database that, subject to sensitive commercial interests, will be publicly available. This Database will provide information on specific energy consumption of industrial operations and allow industry participants to compare their performances. The process of regulating energy suppliers will include maintaining a database that will facilitate monitoring and revision of benchmarks.